Acetabular fractures: optimal imaging

In 19 cases of acetabular fracture, computed tomography (CT) with volumetric three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions displayed as video loops about horizontal and vertical axes of rotation replaced the traditional imaging combination of CT and multiple plain radiographs, while offering significant advantages. Overlying bowel content or foreign matter obscured detail in 36 of 45 plain radiographic views, and positioning or radiographic technique was suboptimal in 21. Three-dimensional reconstructions completely eliminated these problems. These 3D reconstructions accurately simulated oblique, inlet, and tangential views in all cases. In ten of 19 cases a nonconventional oblique view, and in 13 of 19 cases a cephalocaudal angulation other than the inlet, tangential, or anteroposterior view, best demonstrated the fracture. Elimination of five plain radiographs resulted in a skin radiation dose savings of 5 rad (50 mGy). No difficult or painful patient positioning was required beyond that necessary for the standard CT examination.     

Multisection fat-water imaging with chemical shift selective presaturation

Proton chemical shift imaging yielding separate water and lipid images was performed in a multisection mode on a clinical 1.5-T whole-body magnetic resonance imaging unit. Imaging was performed with a minor modification of the standard multisection spin-warp technique: that is, the addition of a sinc pulse or a soft square pulse and a homospoil gradient at the beginning of the pulse sequence. Phantom and human anatomic images are presented.     

具有防坠床功能的智能护理床的研制

目的:设计一种护理床,以预防缺乏自控能力的老年人和智障人员发生坠床危险。方法:利用重心测定原理,计算患者在床上的位置,并辅以红外探测报警,实现自动报警防坠床的主要功能。结果:该护理床在Labview环境下编制监控程序,建立自动监控报警系统;以相应比例的砝码代替患者进行实验测试。结论:测试结果表明:①该装置监控到报警响应时间短,能够及时发现隐患,减少患者意外发生。②护理床采用全自动监控报警,可减轻护理人员的负担。     

Intracerebral malignant melanoma: high-field-strength MR imaging

Thirteen patients with intracerebral malignant melanoma underwent high-field-strength (1.5-T) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The images were correlated with computed tomography (CT) scans (n = 7) and surgical specimens (n = 7). Most commonly, these lesions were hyperintense to normal white matter on T1-weighted images and hypointense to normal white matter on T2-weighted images. Hemorrhage in the lesion may have a greater influence on this unique appearance than does melanin. The increased tissue sensitivity of MR imaging allowed for 22% greater lesion detection than did CT.     

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver: radiologic-pathologic correlation

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver (MHL) is an uncommon cystic mass of infancy that is a developmental anomaly rather than a neoplasm. Fourteen cases of MHL were retrospectively reviewed. Grossly, MHL is a solitary mass with cystic spaces of variable size. Patients are seen initially with painless progressive abdominal enlargement. On plain films, MHL appears as a large, noncalcified mass in the right upper quadrant. Scintigraphy is helpful in confirming its hepatic origin. Ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrate a large multiloculated mass with considerable variation in the size of septa and cystic spaces. Angiographically, MHL is avascular or hypovascular. Recognition of these radiographic findings allows a correct diagnosis to be made in many cases. With resection, the prognosis is excellent.