The impact of alfentanil supplementation on the sedation of bronchoscopy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background:The efficacy of alfentanil supplementation for the sedation of bronchoscopy remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of alfentanil supplementation on the sedation during bronchoscopy.Methods:We search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through December 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of alfentanil supplementation versus placebo for the sedation during bronchoscopy. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.Results:Five RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for bronchoscopy, alfentanyl supplementation is associated with significantly reduced coughing scores (Std. MD = –0.55; 95% CI = –0.96 to –0.14; P = 0.009) and dose of propofol (Std. MD = –0.34; 95% CI = –0.64 to –0.04; P = 0.03), but reveals the increase in hypoxemia (RR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.17 to 2.08; P = 0.002).Conclusions:Alfentanyl supplementation benefits to reduce coughing scores and dose of propofol for bronchoscopy, but increases the incidence of hypoxemia. The use of alfentanyl supplementation for bronchoscopy should be with caution.     

扶桑花抗生育成分对早孕小鼠黄体影响的定量研究

本文处用图像分析仪 ,以核浆比和数密度为指标 ,研究了不同浓度的扶桑花提取物—HR 1对早孕小鼠黄本组织学的影响。结果表明 :(1)小鼠黄体细胞的核浆比和数密度 ,随给药剂量 (0、 4、 10、 10 0、10 0 0mg/kg/d)的增加而增加 ,其中 10 0和 10 0 0mg/kg/d两组的黄体细胞核浆比和数密度明显高于对照组(p <0 .0 5) ;(2 )黄体组织学的定性观察显示 ,给药各组的黄体细胞明显退化 ,细胞缩小 ,细胞界限不清。这些结果提示 ,扶桑花提取物的抗早孕作用与妊娠黄体受损有关。     

IPSS-V/S在TUVP术后下尿路症状评估的临床价值

目的：探讨国际前列腺症状评分的排尿期/储尿期评分比值（international prostatic symptom score-voiding/storage sub－score ratio,IPSS-V/S）在经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（transurethral electrovaporization prostatectomy,TUVP）术后下尿路症状（lower urinary tract symptoms,LUTS）再评估的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析了2015年1月至2016年12月期间234例接受TUVP的良性前列腺增生（benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH）患者的国际前列腺症状评分（international prostatic symptom score,IPSS）等临床资料。按照IPSS-V/S比值将患者分为A组（IPSS-V/S≤1,80例）和B组（IPSS-V/S>1,154例）。术后6个月再次评估IPSS,储尿期症状评分（international prostatic symptom score-storage,IPSS-S）,排尿期症状评分（international prostatic symptom score-voiding,IPSS-V）和生活质量评分（quality of life,QOL）。结果：234例患者术后6个月IPSS和QOL较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义（t=33.0,P=0.000;t=34.3,P=0.000）。术后6个月B组患者IPSS改善程度明显优于A组[（12.36±3.67）分 vs. （8.20±3.21）分]（t=8.96,P=0.000）。其中A组术后6个月IPSS-S明显高于B组[（9.61±2.88）分 vs. （5.55±2.63）分]（t=10.8,P=0.000）;而2组患者术后6个月时IPSS-V对比无统计学差异（t=1.56,P=0.120）。虽然A组术后6个月的QOL明显改善[（3.59±0.91）分 vs.（5.19±0.55）分]（t=14.8,P=0.000）,但是基本满意及以上者仅占13.75%,明显低于B组的70.78%。A组术后6个月IPSS-S各症状评分均有一定改善,改善程度从高到低依次为尿急评分、尿频评分和夜尿评分,其中夜尿评分改善率最低,仅为36.3%（29/80）,是A组患者IPSS及QOL改善较小的重要原因。结论：相比IPSS,IPSS-V/S更能准确反映TUVP术后疗效,LUTS排尿期症状改善明显优于储尿期症状。对于以夜尿症为主的BPH/LUTS患者,TUVP对患者QOL改善有限,需要引起临床医师重视。     

多功能充气式介入术后上肢垫的设计与应用

经桡动脉行冠状动脉造影(CAG)术后使用弹力绷带进行加压止血,患者手腕经常出现肿胀、疼痛、麻木等症状,而使用上肢垫抬高肢体有利于促进静脉回流,减轻症状,但是,临床以往使用的上肢垫存在种种弊端,无法满足使用需求。该研究设计了一种多功能充气式介入术后上肢垫,用于经桡动脉行CAG术后抬高、制动、冷敷术肢,可以缓解术肢肿胀、疼痛,减少皮下出血,提高患者的舒适度。     

韩树人教授谈“哮喘专主于风”

哮喘为临床的常见病、多发病,历来为医家所重视。韩树人教授在研究继承传统理论的基础上形成了自己的学术观点,提出了“哮喘专主于风”的理论。详细分析了临证时的分型特点,阐明哮喘发作程度有轻重之分,证型有寒热之别,缓解时肺脾肾各有所虚,但辨证总须与“风”紧密联系,抓住这一中心环节进行遣方用药,为临床工作提供了新的思路。      

A cross-sectional study of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with colorectal cancer

BackgroundThe association between colorectal cancer (CRC) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been attracting increasing attention. several studies had confirmed that OSA increases the risk of CRC onset. However, the findings of studies on the morbidity of OSA in patients with CRC were unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the morbidity of OSA in patients with CRC as well as the association between the clinicopathological characteristics of OSA and CRC.MethodsA total of 414 patients with a pathological diagnosis of CRC from 1 January, 2020 to 30 December, 2020 were included in this study. Demographic characteristics, clinical information, and tumor characteristics of participants were collected; sleep was monitored using a wearable oximeter and via sleep quality questionnaire. The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was used to classify OSA severity so that the diagnostic criteria for OSA were set based on the ODI as 0–5 (normal) and ≥5 (abnormal). After correcting for confounding factors, a logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the factors affecting the tumor lymph node stage (N stage).ResultsA total of 402 patients with CRC were included in this study, including 225 (55.97%) men and 177 (44.03%) women. The mean ODI value of participants was 3.40±8.17. The morbidity of OSA among the patients with CRC having ODI ≥5 was 16.17%. A comparison between the normal and abnormal ODI value groups revealed that the high proportion of abnormal ODI was related to higher N stage (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed a correlation of ODI values and age to the N stage. Specifically, CRC patients with an abnormal ODI had a higher risk of lymph node metastasis compared to those with normal ODI (OR =1.915, 95% CI: 1.025 to 3.579). Moreover, patients with CRC aged ≥65 years had a higher risk of lymph node metastasis compared to those aged <65 years (OR =2.190, 95% CI: 1.163 to 4.125).ConclusionsCRC patients with abnormal ODI are susceptible to OSA. Additionally, abnormal ODI and age ≥65 years are relevant factors for the N2 stage.