Short echo time MR spectroscopy of brain tumors: Grading of cerebral gliomas by correlation analysis of normalized spectral amplitudes

Purpose:

To process single voxel spectra of low‐ and high‐grade gliomas. To propose correlation analysis of the scatter plots of normalized spectral amplitudes as a pattern recognition tool for the classification (grading) of brain tumors. To propose a spectrum processing approach that improves the differentiation of proton spectra with dominating macromolecule and lipid peaks.

Materials and Methods:

LCModel was used to process spectra. Mean metabolite concentrations and mean normalized spectra were obtained for normal white matter and for gliomas. The mean spectra of macromolecules and lipids (ML) in the range 1.4–0.9 ppm, and mean difference spectra (DS) without ML and lactate were computed. Correlation analysis of the scatter plot of the patient and mean normalized spectral amplitudes and dispersion of the scatter plot points were used for classification and grading of tumors.

Results:

It was found advantageous to perform the classifications using DS spectra. The shape of ML spectrum and concentration of tCr seem to be a good markers for glioma grade.

Conclusion:

Combining a qualitative comparison of the patient and mean DS spectra of the tumors using correlation analysis of normalized spectra amplitudes with a quantitative comparison of metabolite concentrations is a powerful tool in studying brain lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:39–45. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Aesthetic surgery of the facial skeleton: the forehead

The skeleton of the upper third of the face is seldom considered as an area for aesthetic improvement. The author reports his experience with alteration of the skeleton of the forehead by recontouring or augmenting for aesthetic purposes. Also the experience with subperiosteal face lifts performed through coronal incisions is reported.     

Huge adrenal haemangioma

Adrenal tumours are either functioning or non-functioning. Non-functioning adrenal tumours are generally asymptomatic and usually of enormous proportions at the time of presentation. A case is presented here of a patient with a huge right adrenal haemangioma which was successfully treated surgically. This unusual tumour was 25 cm in diameter, was well encapsulated and weighed 4 kg. The literature pertaining to this interesting case is reviewed.     

马铃薯切片外敷治疗动静脉内瘘并发症效果观察

目的观察新鲜马铃薯外敷治疗动静脉内瘘肿胀、硬结、疼痛等并发症的疗效。方法将维持性血液透析患者60例，随机分成观察组和对照组各30倒，分别使用新鲜马铃薯薄片外敷和50％硫酸镁湿热敷并进行疗效比较。结果观察组疗效及显效、痊愈时间显著优于对照组（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）。结论马铃薯片外敷治疗动静脉内瘘并发症疗效显著。且能缩短治疗时间。     

马铃薯切片外敷治疗动静脉内瘘并发症效果观察

目的 观察新鲜马铃薯外敷治疗动静脉内瘘肿胀、硬结、疼痛等并发症的疗效.方法 将维持性血液透析患者60例,随机分成观察组和对照组各30例,分别使用新鲜马铃薯薄片外敷和50%硫酸镁湿热敷并进行疗效比较.结果 观察组疗效及显效、痊愈时间显著优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 马铃薯片外敷治疗动静脉内瘘并发症疗效显著,且能缩短治疗时间.     

Ductus arteriosus associated with an anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery: catastrophe after duct ligation.

Chronic left ventricular failure developed two months after ligation of an apparently uncomplicated large ductus arteriosus in a one year old girl. Two years later deterioration had progressed to a terminal stage. An anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery had not been recognised before duct ligation. This anomaly was diagnosed two years after ligation and was then treated by surgical redirection, but the patient died of severe left ventricular dysfunction.     

医学研究生教育研究沦文现况调查分析

目的 了解我国医学研究生教育研究论文的现况.方法 采用文献计量方法对1999年～2008年医学研究生教育研究论文发表情况进行统计分析.结果 10年共刊录医学研究生教育研究论文758篇,发表于200种期刊,由分布在29个省、自治区及直辖市的650位作者完成.结论 医学研究生教育研究论文增量明显但总量仍然较少,载文核心期刊显现但文献产出地域差异较大,研究缺乏领军人才和持续研究队伍,建议采取措施予以改善.