A continuous sampler with background suppression for monitoring alpha-emitting aerosol particles.

A continuous air monitor has been developed that includes provisions for improving the detection of alpha-emitting aerosol particles in the presence of radon/thoron progeny that are unattached to ambient aerosol particles. Wind tunnel tests show that 80% of 10-microns aerodynamic equivalent diameter particles penetrate the flow system from the ambient air to the collection filter when the flow rate is 57 L min-1 (2 cfm) and the wind speed is 1 m s-1. Uniformity of aerosol collection on the filter, as characterized by the coefficient of variation of the areal density deposits, is less than 15% for 10-microns aerodynamic-equivalent-diameter aerosol particles. Tests with unattached radon daughters in a flow-through chamber showed that approximately 99% of the 218Po was removed by an inlet screen that is designed to collect radon daughters that are in the size range of molecular clusters. The inlet screen offers the opportunity to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of energy spectra in the regions of interest (subranges of the energy spectrum) of transuranic elements and thereby enhance the performance of background compensation algorithms.     

超声引导下注射皮质类固醇治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎

目的 探讨超声引导下注射皮质类固醇治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的方法及效果。方法 38例狭窄性腱鞘炎患者,按药物注射方法的不同随机分成2组。治疗组(21例)在10-MHz超声引导下向腱鞘内腱周间隙内穿刺注射醋酸强的松龙0.6 ml,对照组(17例)采用闭合穿刺法注射等量药物。注射前及随访时(注射后3周)测定疼痛强度视觉类比评分(Visual analogue score,VAS)。结果 随访时疼痛消失率治疗组为81％、对照组为53％,VAS下降值治疗组为[(6.8±1.9)x±s,下同]对照组为(5.1±3.0)。结论超声引导下将针尖穿刺于腱鞘内腱周间隙的操作简单、准确并可实时观察药物的分布,是治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的较好方法。     

Culture and pain: a Mesoamerican perspective.

Culture has been identified as a factor that influences a person's reaction to and expression of pain. Research in the area of pain and culture has not established a clear link between cultural meanings and attitudes associated with pain and pain behaviors. The purpose of this ethnohistoric study was to explore the beliefs related to the experience of pain within ancient Mesoamerica. The six themes that emerged from this study represent efforts related to the discovery of the epistemics of cultural meanings of pain in contemporary Mesoamerican cultures, specifically Mexican-Americans. These findings serve as a benchmark from which to understand Mexican-American meanings, expressions, and care associated with pain.     

肾小球系膜细胞的分离和培养

目的分离、培养和鉴定正常人肾小球系膜细胞。方法筛网滤过分离正常人肾小球系膜细胞,同时采用免疫荧光技术,利用异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)间接标记单克隆抗体:抗Ⅷ因子相关抗原抗体、抗结蛋白抗体、抗角蛋白抗体、抗细胞角蛋白抗体、抗Ⅳ型胶原抗体、抗纤维连接蛋白抗体、抗层粘连蛋白抗体对系膜细胞特有的中间微丝进行鉴定。并采用同期培养的同一来源的肾小球内皮细胞作对照。结果抗Ⅷ因子相关抗原、抗角蛋白和抗细胞角蛋白抗体表达均为阴性,而抗结蛋白抗体、抗Ⅳ型胶原抗体、抗纤维连接蛋白抗体、抗层粘连蛋白抗体为阳性,说明培养的细胞为系膜细胞。结论该种方法分离培养的细胞经过免疫荧光染色鉴定为肾小球系膜细胞。     

Foreign metallic pellet in the heart

Foreign bodies in the heart are a rare but serious form of cardiac injury. The objects usually are sharp pointed. Such as acupuncture needles,sewing needles, coat hangers, fragments of Kirschner wires, pins, etc. 1 We report a patient with a metallic pellet lodged in the heart, which was accurately diagnosed and successfully removed.     

改良面神经额支的体表定位

目的:通过改良的方法对面神经的额支进行体表定位,为临床手术提供更加适用的寻找面神经额支的方法.方法:对20侧防腐成人头部标本进行大体和显微解剖,测量在耳轮上点与外眦上点的连线上和耳屏上切迹点与外眦点的连线上,面神经的额支所经过的相对位置.结果:额支在耳轮上点-外眦上点的连线后段(3/10～4/5)±1/10的范围内跨过,在耳屏上切迹点-外眦点的连线后段(1/5-1/2)±1/9的范围内跨过.结论:面神经额支在两条标志线的特定区域跨过,手术中,切口应避开该危险区域.     

河南省传染性非典型肺炎患者胸部X线表现

目的 :探讨传染性非典型肺炎的X线表现及变化规律。方法 :对河南省临床诊断的 1 5例患者发病后不同时间的系列胸片和CT进行回顾性分析。结果 :1 5例胸部X线病灶初始形态为斑片状 1 1例 (73.3% ) ,大片状 4例 (2 6 .7% ) ;双侧 9例 (6 0 .0 % ) ,单侧 6例 (4 0 .0 % ) ,均为中、下肺野 (1 0 0 % )。动态观察发现病变进展快 ,病变发展到高峰期时间为 4～ 1 4d , x±s(7.7± 3.2 )d ,双侧 1 3例 (86 .7% ) ,单侧 2例 (1 3.3% ) ,两肺叶及两肺叶以上病变者 1 4例 (93.3% )。病变开始吸收时间为 6～ 2 1d , x±s(1 1 .3± 4 .1 )d ;完全或基本吸收时间 8～ 2 6d , x±s(1 6 .4± 5 .0 )d。1 5例经治疗均痊愈出院。住院时间 1 8～ 4 2d , x±s(31 .9± 7.9)d。 结论 :传染性非典型肺炎的胸部X线特点为急性双侧或单侧多叶炎性浸润阴影 ,以中、下野常见 ,进展迅速 ,及时复查胸部X线对临床诊断及判断病情具有重要价值。     

隐动脉筋膜蒂的交腿皮瓣修复小腿严重软组织缺损

目的探讨一种小腿严重软组织缺损的修复方法。方法以健侧隐动脉为蒂的顺行或逆行交腿皮瓣修复患侧小腿软组织缺损。结果本组8例均有效地覆盖受区创面,随访三个月,皮瓣全部成活。结论该皮瓣不牺牲小腿的重要血管,质地与受区相似,方法简单易行,血运可靠,血管蒂长,是修复小腿严重软组织缺损的较好方法。     

鼠骨关节炎动物模型建立的现状

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis，OA)是临床上常见的疾病。探索骨关节炎动物模型的建立方法，是研究其病因和治疗方法的重要课题之一。鼠是一种理想的动物，所用的方法有关节内手术、关节内注射、关节外手术等，各种方法都有自己的长处和不足。本文就鼠骨关节炎动物模型的建立方法、模型特点及其应用等方面进行综述。