Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the femoropopliteal artery: initial and long-term results

Patients with dilated stenoses and recanalized occlusions were evaluated to assess the initial and long-term results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in the femoropopliteal artery. The follow-up period was at least 1 year. The initial success rate was 84% (128/164). The initial results were influenced by the radiologist's experience, catheter selection, and type of lesion. The 5- and 7-year cumulative patency rates were 70% and 60%. There was no difference in long-term patency between initially successful stenoses and short (less than 3 cm) occlusions. Both the morphology and location of the stenotic lesion influenced the long-term results. Although many factors influence the initial and long-term success rate, results of this study justify PTA in the femoropopliteal artery. Patients with localized stenoses and short occlusions are best suited for this treatment.     

Intraoperative ultrasound examination of the brain

In a preliminary demonstration of cranial intraoperative real-time ultrasound, both supratentorial and posterior fossa scans displayed the pertinent anatomy. A grade III astrocytoma was visualized on the supratentorial scan as well. Ultrasound may be valuable for surgical planning and biopsy procedures because of its reliable depiction of intracranial anatomy and ease of use.     

2010美国心脏病学会基金会/美国心脏学会关于氯吡格雷的应用警告概述

2010年8月,美国心脏病学会基金会（ACCF）、美国心脏学会（AHA）共同发布了美国食品药品管理局（FDA）关于氯吡格雷的＂盒装警告＂,主要针对医师和患者提出建议,其内容包括：通过检测药物基因型以明确患者氯吡格雷的代谢变化,患者不良反应的风险,基因多态性对氯吡格雷的代谢及临床影响。     

Chlorobenzene induces the NF-kappa B and p38 MAP kinase pathways in lung epithelial cells

Chlorobenzene is a volatile organic compound that is used as a solvent in many industrial settings and has been shown to be related with irritations of the respiratory tract. Exposure to chlorobenzene induces the release of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) by lung epithelial cells, a chemokine involved in inflammatory reactions. To characterize the underlying mechanisms we investigated the influence of chlorobenzene on the activation of two intracellular signalling pathways: the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Human lung epithelial cells (A549) were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors of NF-kappaB or the p38 MAP kinase and exposed to chlorobenzene using an air-liquid cell culture system. Exposure of lung epithelial cells to chlorobenzene resulted in an activation of NF-kappa B and p38 MAP kinase and a release of the chemokine MCP-1. In the presence of IKK-NBD, a specific NF-kappa B inhibitor, or the inhibitors of the p38 MAP kinase SB 203580 and SB 202190, the chlorobenzene-related MCP-1 release was suppressed, suggesting an involvement of both pathways in the chlorobenzene induced expression of MCP-1. Our data show that the release of MCP-1 following chlorobenzene exposure is dependent on the NF-kappa B and MAPK pathways.     

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胆道系统恶性肿瘤包括胆管癌和胆囊癌 ,前者主要指原发于肝内、肝门部和远端肝外胆管的恶性肿瘤。至今胆系肿瘤仍依ＴＮＭ分类法分为 0～Ⅳ期。 0期 :为原位癌 ;Ⅰ期 :肿瘤局限于粘膜层、肌层 ;Ⅱ期 :出现局部浸润 ;Ⅲ期 :在Ⅰ或Ⅱ期基础上肿瘤累及邻近组织或肝十二指肠韧带上淋巴结 ;Ⅳ期 :出现肝脏等器官受累或远处转移或出现以下之一区域的淋巴结转移 ,如胰周、十二指肠周、肝门周、腹腔及肠系膜。1　诊断胆系恶性肿瘤的诊断 ,主要依靠临床表现、实验室检查以及影象学检查。临床表现特异性不强 ,其中最基本的表现为胆道梗阻症状 ,同时可…     

L一粘附素单抗在缺血再灌注损伤中的作用

目的：中性粒细胞粘附在缺血再灌注损伤中有非常重要的作用。本文用ＳＤ大鼠趾长屈肌缺血再灌注损伤模型,观察Ｌ一粘附素单抗ＬＡＭ１—１１６在缺血再灌注损伤中的作用。方法：３０只ＳＤ大鼠被均分为２组：ＬＡＭ１—１１６组和生理盐水对照组。每只大鼠的一侧趾长屈肌作为正常对照,另外一侧进行 ３ ｈ缺血 ４ ｈ再灌注。结果：ＬＡＭ１— １１６组实验侧的髓过氧化物酶为正常的２倍（２．３±２．２）,生理盐水对照组则为正常的２８倍（２７．５±１１．７）（Ｐ＜０．００１）;ＬＡＭ１—１１６组的湿重比（１．１０± ０．１０）、疲劳肌力（７７． １％±１２．１％）与对照组相比（分别为 １． ２３± ０． １０和 ４９． ７％± ９ ．３％）明显改善（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）;组织学上,ＬＡＭ１—１１６组的中性粒细胞局部浸润显著减少,水肿减轻。结论：通过 Ｌ－粘附素单克隆抗体 ＬＡＭ１— １１６阻断 Ｌ－粘附素的功能,可以有效地降低中性粒细胞在再灌注肌肉中的浸润,防止组织水肿,从而改善肌肉的功能。