全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15241篇 |
免费 | 951篇 |
国内免费 | 88篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 156篇 |
儿科学 | 285篇 |
妇产科学 | 258篇 |
基础医学 | 2047篇 |
口腔科学 | 154篇 |
临床医学 | 1350篇 |
内科学 | 3662篇 |
皮肤病学 | 270篇 |
神经病学 | 1617篇 |
特种医学 | 707篇 |
外科学 | 2669篇 |
综合类 | 32篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 676篇 |
眼科学 | 138篇 |
药学 | 1021篇 |
中国医学 | 19篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1217篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 108篇 |
2022年 | 172篇 |
2021年 | 471篇 |
2020年 | 224篇 |
2019年 | 455篇 |
2018年 | 537篇 |
2017年 | 357篇 |
2016年 | 361篇 |
2015年 | 444篇 |
2014年 | 691篇 |
2013年 | 802篇 |
2012年 | 1282篇 |
2011年 | 1316篇 |
2010年 | 732篇 |
2009年 | 706篇 |
2008年 | 1062篇 |
2007年 | 1006篇 |
2006年 | 1022篇 |
2005年 | 903篇 |
2004年 | 865篇 |
2003年 | 710篇 |
2002年 | 688篇 |
2001年 | 129篇 |
2000年 | 95篇 |
1999年 | 123篇 |
1998年 | 124篇 |
1997年 | 111篇 |
1996年 | 84篇 |
1995年 | 76篇 |
1994年 | 68篇 |
1993年 | 45篇 |
1992年 | 57篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 44篇 |
1988年 | 45篇 |
1987年 | 32篇 |
1986年 | 28篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
1972年 | 13篇 |
1971年 | 13篇 |
1970年 | 18篇 |
1969年 | 14篇 |
1968年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Behavioural pharmacology of the serenic, eltoprazine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper the effects of serenics (eltoprazine and fluprazine) are described in several animal models for offensive agonistic, defensive agonistic and predatory behaviour. They are compared with the effects of a number of other putative anti-aggressive compounds or drugs used clinically in order to ameliorate aggressive behaviour of psychiatric patients. In isolation-induced offensive aggression in mice, eltoprazine has a marked and potent anti-aggressive activity, although numerous other psychoactive drugs also exert anti-aggressive effects. The behavioural specificity of this anti-aggressive profile was investigated using an ethologically derived animal model, social interaction in male mice. In this model, eltoprazine has a very specific anti-aggressive (serenic) profile, inhibiting aggression while social interaction and exploration are not decreased but even enhanced; inactivity, a measure for sedation, is not affected. Such a profile contrasts sharply with that of neuroleptics (chlorpromazine, haloperidol), psychostimulants (d-amphetamine) or benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide), which exert severe sedation (neuroleptics) or even aggression-enhancing effects (BDZ). After subchronic treatment no tolerance for the anti-aggressive effects of eltoprazine occurred. The specific anti-aggressive effects of eltoprazine were also found in rat models of offensive agonistic behaviour. In one such model - resident-intruder aggression - eltoprazine reduced offensive behaviour specifically, leaving social interactions and exploration intact, and did not induce sedation or other unwanted side-effects. The neuroleptic haloperidol was very sedative in this model, as was the 5-HT1A-agonist buspirone. Benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide) have a biphasic effect in this paradigm, enhancing offence at low doses and decreasing it at higher doses, due to muscle relaxation. In another offensive model, colony-aggression, in which a dominant and subordinate male in a colony are confronted with a male intruder, eltoprazine reduced offensive behaviour of both the dominant and the subordinate against the intruder. In contrast, chlordiazepoxide enhanced aggression, at least at lower doses, whereas alcohol had, up to very high doses, no effect on the offensive behaviour. In a brain-stimulation induced offensive model--hypothalamically-induced aggression in rats--eltoprazine specifically reduces offence. Locomotion, a measure for sedation, was either unaffected or even somewhat enhanced, indicating the absence of any sedatory activity of this serenic compound. In contrast, haloperidol heavily sedated animals, making them incapable of aggression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
22.
The distribution of the alpha 6 subunit of the GABAA receptor has been established in rat cerebellum and compared to the distribution of the alpha 1 (cat) and the beta 2/3 (rat, cat) subunits, using immunocytochemistry. The synapses established by Golgi cell terminals on the dendrites of granule cells were immunoreactive for the alpha 6, alpha 1 and beta 2/3 subunits in virtually all glomeruli, indicating that two variants (alpha 1 and alpha 6) of the same subunit are co-localized at the same synapses. The somatic membranes of the granule cells, which receive no synapses, were immunopositive for the alpha 1 and beta 2/3 subunits, but not for the alpha 6 subunit. Thus, the alpha 1 and the beta 2/3 subunits are located at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites, but the alpha 6 subunit is detectable only at synaptic sites. 相似文献
23.
Stuart Gherini Andre Lopez Lysiane Juberthie Jean Clatude Olivier 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》1994,46(2):50-62
The aim of surgical treatment of a fixed stapes is to restore an as effective as possible impedance transfer of the ossicular chain and acoustic impedance of the annular ligament of the footplate, when it has lost elasticity, and this in order to achieve the best possible physiological vibration of the inner ear fluids. 相似文献
24.
25.
A case of severe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) was treated with high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), 400 mg.kg-1.days-1, over three consecutive days. The treatment was repeated once. We observed a time-related response between immunoglobulins administration and clinical improvement. The pathologic lesions of the GBS suggest that this syndrome has an immunologic basis: a humoral factor is probably not the only immunological mechanism and cellular mechanisms are also likely to be of importance. Specific mechanisms might also be present in GBS, such as anti-idiotypic suppression of autoantibodies, and elimination of circulating immune complexes. Treatment with IVIG might have several therapeutic advantages over plasmapheresis: IVIG is easily infused without any delay, is easily available and has been used widely without serious complications. 相似文献
26.
27.
Comparison of the inflammatory response between miniaturized and standard CPB circuits in aortic valve surgery. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Olivier M Bical Yves Fromes Didier Gaillard Marc Fischer Olivier Ponzio Philippe Deleuze Marie-Fran?oise Gerhardt Fran?ois Trivin 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2006,29(5):699-702
OBJECTIVE: One of the complications of CPB is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Recent developments tend to minimize the biological impact of CPB in using miniaturized closed circuit with reduced priming volume and less blood-air interface. The benefit of these miniaturized closed circuits in terms of inflammatory response has been proved in coronary surgery. However, in open heart surgery, the CPB circuit is no more closed and the benefit of the miniaturized set-up could disappear. The aim of the study is to compare the SIRS between standard and miniaturized circuits in aortic surgery. METHODS: Forty patients who underwent singular aortic valve replacement were randomly assigned either to a standard CPB (group A, n=20) or to a miniaturized CPB (group B, n=20). Pertinent clinical and surgical data were collected. Hematological parameters (leukocyte and neutrophil counts) and biochemical parameters (C-reactive protein, cytokine tests) were determined pre-, on and post-CPB. RESULTS: There were an increase in leukocyte and neutrophil counts and a decline in hematocrit in both groups. In both groups, there was a raise after CPB, in C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-alpha, neutrophil elastase, and IL-10. However, the raises of elastase and TNF-alpha were significantly lower after the weaning of miniaturized CPB (116+/-46 ng/ml and 10+/-4 pg/ml, respectively) compared to standard CPB (265+/-120 ng/ml, P=0.01 and 18+/-7 pg/ml, P=0.03). The raise of IL-10 is also lower with miniaturized circuit (15+/-6 pg/ml) compared to standard circuit (51+/-26, P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates in aortic surgery, the lesser inflammatory response of a miniaturized CPB compared to a standard CPB. However, there is always some inflammation after CPB and a small bio-reactive free perfusion circuit is still to be found in open heart surgery. 相似文献
28.
A strain of Aspergillus fumigatus has been isolated from sediments of a mussel bed. When cultured in hyper saline conditions (with sea-water), it produces a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive toxin, gliotoxin, which is excreted in an exudate. In order to know if this toxin could represent a risk for shellfish consumers, an experiment of bioaccumulation of gliotoxin in mussel has been carried out. After 6 days of contamination, toxin was accumulated in the meat of the mussels, at a level up to 2.9 microg/mg of extract weight, with a mode of contamination different to the classical digestive process described for a majority of marine toxins, but similar to the contamination mode of domoic acid. 相似文献
29.
Efficient RT-PCR on platelet mRNA after long-term storage 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We have developed a procedure permitting RT-PCR from mRNA even after a long-term storage (1 year) of platelet samples in ethanol (EtOH-platelets) at −80°C. To validate our method, we have analysed the human platelet alloantigen system (HPA-1) which is coded by β3 mRNA. We have also demonstrated the efficiency of amplification of part of the coding region for (i) αIIb subunit mRNA, (ii) αv subunit mRNA, and (iii) the seven transmembrane domain thrombin receptor mRNA. 相似文献
30.
Ognen Ivanovski Thao Nguyen-Khoa Olivier Phan Ziad A Massy 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(4):1013-4; author reply 1014
Sir, We read with interest the recent article by Buzello et al. [1]on renal changes in apo E-/- mice after subtotal nephrectomy.They compared renal lesion development in male wild-type C57BL/6mice with that of genetically modified male apo E-/- mice aftereither sham operation, unilateral nephrectomy or subtotal nephrectomy(SNX) by removal of 75% of the cortex in one kidney and removalof the contralateral kidney. They found 相似文献