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排序方式: 共有241条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
82.
Joel Werier MD FRCSC ; Peter Ferguson MD FRCSC ; Robert Bell MD FRCSC FACS ; Richard Hill PhD ; Jay Wunder MD FRCSC ; Brian O''Sullivan MD FRCPC ; Rita Kandel MD FRCPC 《Wound repair and regeneration》2006,14(4):498-505
Despite many well-recognized benefits, administration of ionizing radiation before surgical resection of malignancies is associated with a high risk of wound-healing complications. Most animal models investigating techniques to improve wound healing use a superficial wound. The goal of this study was to develop a novel model of radiation-impaired healing using a deep excisional wound, which is closer to the clinical situation. In the first part of this study, female Lewis rats were exposed to 0, 12, 15, or 18 Gy single-fraction radiation to the buttocks. Three weeks later, deep wounds were created by excision of the gluteus maximus muscle. Irradiated wounds had a lower rate of healing of the surgically created defect than unirradiated wounds (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the different doses of radiation. Impaired healing was still evident at 12 weeks. The second part of this study investigated the ability of porcine small-intestinal submucosa (SIS) to improve healing in this animal model. At 6 weeks, wounds implanted with SIS showed improved healing at all doses of radiation compared with unimplanted irradiated wounds. However, higher doses of radiation were still associated with a lower rate of healing. SIS induced a cellular response that was not evident in defects that did not receive SIS, suggesting that SIS has the potential to stimulate repair. This reproducible model of radiation-impaired wound healing closely resembles the clinical setting. The results indicate that this model can be used to investigate new biomaterials as possible therapeutic agents to enhance wound healing. 相似文献
83.
Cytokine dysregulation in the post-Q-fever fatigue syndrome 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
Penttila IA; Harris RJ; Storm P; Haynes D; Worswick DA; Marmion BP 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1998,91(8):549-560
The post-Q-fever fatigue syndrome (QFS) (inappropriate fatigue, myalgia and
arthralgia, night sweats, changes in mood and sleep patterns) follows about
20% of laboratory-proven, acute primary Q-fever cases. Cytokine
dysregulation resulting from chronic immune stimulation and modulation by
persistence of Coxiella burnetii cells or their antigens is hypothesized.
We studied cytokine release patterns of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMC) stimulated with various ligands in short- term culture, from 18
patients with active QFS, and 27 controls: six with resolving QFS, five who
had had acute primary Q-fever without subsequent QFS, eight healthy Q-fever
vaccinees and eight healthy subjects without Q-fever antibody. Conditioned
media (CM) from PBMC stimulated in short-term culture with Q-fever
antigens, PHA or measles antigen (as an unrelated antigen) were assayed for
IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL- 6, IL-10 and IFN gamma by AgEIA, and for IL-1 and TNF
alpha/beta by bioassay. Aberrant cytokine release patterns were observed
with PBMC from QFS patients when stimulated with Q-fever antigens: an
accentuated release of IL-6 which was significantly [p = 0.01,
non-parametric one- way analysis of variance (ANOVA)] in excess of medians
for all four control groups. With IL-2, the number of responders in the
active QFS group was decreased relative to control groups (Fisher's exact
test, p = 0.01) whereas the number of IFN gamma responders was increased
(Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0008). Significant correlations were observed
between concentrations of IL-6 in CM, total symptom scores, and scores for
other key symptoms.
相似文献
84.
Post-infection fatigue syndrome following Q fever 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
Ayres JG; Flint N; Smith EG; Tunnicliffe WS; Fletcher TJ; Hammond K; Ward D; Marmion BP 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1998,91(2):105-123
In 1989, 147 individuals in the West Midlands, UK, were infected with Q
fever. Five years later, following anecdotal reports of fatigue, we used a
questionnaire-based case-control study to determine the prevalence of
chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms in this group. Replies from 71 patients
were compared with those from 142 age- and sex-matched controls. Increased
sweating (52.9% vs. 31.6%, p = 0.006), breathlessness (50.7% vs. 30.6%, p =
0.006), blurred vision (34.3% vs. 17.8%, p = 0.016) and undue tiredness
(68.7% vs. 51.5%, p = 0.03) were found in controls compared to cases. These
findings were similar to those in Australian abbatoir workers
occupationally exposed to Q fever. CDC criteria for chronic fatigue
syndrome were fulfilled by 42.3% of cases and 26% of controls. Using visual
analogue scores, symptoms were more severe in cases than in controls. Our
findings support the existence of a chronic fatigue state following acute Q
fever, in a group of patients exposed just once to the organism, and in
circumstances free of such confounding factors as lawsuits over
compensation.
相似文献
85.
Hepatitis A virus infections associated with clotting factor concentrate in the United States 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BACKGROUND: Two cases of hepatitis A among persons exposed to the same lot of solvent/detergent-treated antihemophilic factor VIII concentrate were reported to a surveillance system. An investigation was conducted to find additional cases and determine the source of infection. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A seroprevalence study was conducted among persons with exposure to the suspect lot for serologic evidence of recent infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV). RESULTS: Six cases of recent HAV infection were discovered: four of the patients had been infused with material from the suspect lot of factor VIII, and two had received infusions of factor IX concentrate made from plasma pools common to the suspect factor VIII lot. HAV was identified in one of the plasma pools, in the factor VIII product, and in serum or stool from two factor VIII recipients and one factor IX recipient. The genetics sequence of the virus in the plasma pool, the factor VIII lot, and the factor VIII recipients were identical, while that of the virus in the factor IX recipient differed by a single base. CONCLUSION: These data document the transmission of HAV by a factor VIII concentrate and implicate factor IX products manufactured from a common source-plasma pool. 相似文献
86.
Anushka BP Fernando Gonzalo P Urcelay Adam C Mar Tony A Dickinson Trevor W Robbins 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2014,39(6):1420-1430
Safety signals (SSs) have been shown to reinforce instrumental avoidance behavior due to their ability to signal the absence of an aversive event; however, little is known of their neural mediation. This study investigated whether infusions of d-amphetamine in the nucleus accumbens (Nac), previously shown to potentiate responding for appetitive conditioned reinforcers (CRfs), also regulate avoidance responding for a SS. Rats were trained on a free-operant task in which lever-press responses avoided shock and were reinforced with an auditory SS. Rats were then cannulated in the Nac core (NacC) or shell (NacS) and infused with d-amphetamine and, in separate NacS groups, other drugs, before extinction sessions with the SS present or absent following responding. Selective effects of d-amphetamine were found in the NacS, but not in the NacC, when the SS was present in the session. A significant increase in response rate during the presentation of the SS reflected a disruption of its fear-inhibiting properties. In parallel, a decrease in avoidance response rate reflected the reduced influence of the SS as a CRf. Inactivation of the NacS reduced avoidance responding only when the SS was present in the session, whereas the D1–D2 DA receptor antagonist α-flupenthixol reduced responding both before and during the SS regardless of the presence of the SS. Atomoxetine (ATO), a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, had no effect on responding. These results indicate a role for the NacS in the mediation of the conditioned reinforcing properties of a SS. These effects appear to be modulated by dopaminergic mechanisms but seem distinct from those previously reported with food-related CRfs. 相似文献
87.
C Brenneis K Kistner M Puopolo S Jo DP Roberson M Sisignano D Segal EJ Cobos BJ Wainger S Labocha N Ferreirós C Hehn J Tran G Geisslinger PW Reeh BP Bean C J Woolf 《British journal of pharmacology》2014,171(2):438-451
Background and Purpose: Selective nociceptor fibre block is achieved by introducing the cell membrane impermeant sodium channel blocker lidocaine N-ethyl bromide (QX-314) through transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) channels into nociceptors. We screened local anaesthetics for their capacity to activate TRP channels, and characterized the nerve block obtained by combination with QX-314.Experimental Approach: We investigated TRP channel activation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by calcium imaging and patch-clamp recordings, and cellular QX-314 uptake by MS. To characterize nerve block, compound action potential (CAP) recordings from isolated nerves and behavioural responses were analysed.Key Results: Of the 12 compounds tested, bupivacaine was the most potent activator of ruthenium red-sensitive calcium entry in DRG neurons and activated heterologously expressed TRPA1 channels. QX-314 permeated through TRPA1 channels and accumulated intracellularly after activation of these channels. Upon sciatic injections, QX-314 markedly prolonged bupivacaine''s nociceptive block and also extended (to a lesser degree) its motor block. Bupivacaine''s blockade of C-, but not A-fibre, CAPs in sciatic nerves was extended by co-application of QX-314. Surprisingly, however, this action was the same in wild-type, TRPA1-knockout and TRPV1/TRPA1-double knockout mice, suggesting a TRP-channel independent entry pathway. Consistent with this, high doses of bupivacaine promoted a non-selective, cellular uptake of QX-314.Conclusions and Implications: Bupivacaine, combined with QX-314, produced a long-lasting sensory nerve block. This did not require QX-314 permeation through TRPA1, although bupivacaine activated these channels. Regardless of entry pathway, the greatly extended duration of block produced by QX-314 and bupivacaine may be clinically useful. 相似文献
88.
89.
90.
Reske AW Rau A Reske AP Koziol M Gottwald B Alef M Ionita JC Spieth PM Hepp P Seiwerts M Beda A Born S Scheuermann G Amato MB Wrigge H 《Critical care (London, England)》2011,15(6):R279-10