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991.
992.
Alexandra Zahn Daniel Gotthardt Karl Heinz Weiss Götz Richter Jan Schmidt Wolfgang Stremmel Peter Sauer 《BMC gastroenterology》2010,10(1):25
Background
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) generally implies thrombosis of the hepatic veins and/or the intrahepatic or suprahepatic inferior vena cava. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, the anatomic location, the extent of the thrombotic process and the functional capacity of the liver. It can be divided into medical treatment including anticoagulation and thrombolysis, radiological procedures such as angioplasty and transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) and surgical interventions including orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Controlled trials or reports on larger cohorts are limited due to rare disease frequency. The aim of this study was to report our single centre long term results of patients with BCS receiving one of three treatment options i.e. medication only, TIPS or OLT on an individually based decision of our local expert group. 相似文献993.
Panayiota Koupepidou Kyriacos N Felekkis Bettina Kränzlin Carsten Sticht Norbert Gretz Constantinos Deltas 《BMC nephrology》2010,11(1):1-15
Background
Polycystic Kidney Disease is characterized by the formation of large fluid-filled cysts that eventually destroy the renal parenchyma leading to end-stage renal failure. Although remarkable progress has been made in understanding the pathologic mechanism of the disease, the precise orchestration of the early events leading to cyst formation is still unclear. Abnormal cellular proliferation was traditionally considered to be one of the primary irregularities leading to cyst initiation and growth. Consequently, many therapeutic interventions have focused on targeting this abnormal proliferation, and some have even progressed to clinical trials. However, the role of proliferation in cyst development was primarily examined at stages where cysts are already visible in the kidneys and therefore at later stages of disease development.Methods
In this study we focused on the cystic phenotype since birth in an attempt to clarify the temporal contribution of cellular proliferation in cyst development. Using a PKD2 transgenic rat model (PKD2 (1-703)) of different ages (0-60 days after birth) we performed gene expression profiling and phenotype analysis by measuring various kidney parameters.Results
Phenotype analysis demonstrated that renal cysts appear immediately after birth in the PKD2 transgenic rat model (PKD2 (1-703)). On the other hand, abnormal proliferation occurs at later stages of the disease as identified by gene expression profiling. Interestingly, other pathways appear to be deregulated at early stages of the disease in this PKD model. Specifically, gene expression analysis demonstrated that at day 0 the RAS system is involved. This is altered at day 6, when Wnt signaling and focal adhesion pathways are affected. However, at and after 24 days, proliferation, apoptosis, altered ECM signaling and many other factors become involved.Conclusions
Our data suggest that cystogenesis precedes deregulation of proliferation-related pathways, suggesting that proliferation abnormalities may contribute in cyst growth rather than cyst formation. 相似文献994.
Emmanuel Chorianopoulos Thomas Heger Matthias Lutz Derk Frank Florian Bea Hugo A. Katus Norbert Frey 《Basic research in cardiology》2010,105(2):301-313
Proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF family members, have been shown to play a critical role in cardiac remodeling. FGF-inducible
14-kDa protein (Fn14, TNFrsf12a or TWEAKR) is the smallest member of the TNF-receptor family. Currently, little is known about
the functional role of Fn14 and its only known ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in the heart. We therefore
evaluated the expression and regulation of Fn14 in cardiomyocytes and in experimental myocardial infarction. In order to study
the regulation of Fn14, myocardial infarction was induced in CD-1 mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were used for in vitro
studies. TWEAK and Fn14 were markedly upregulated in the remodeling myocardium after experimental myocardial infarction in
vivo. Likewise, fibroblast growth factor 1, norepinephrine and angiotensin II as well as mechanical stretch were able to strongly
induce Fn14 expression in cardiomyocytes. This induction is mediated via the Rho/ROCK pathway, since the known inhibitors
C3 exoenzyme for RhoA and Y27632 for ROCK prevented the upregulation of Fn14 in cardiomyocytes. Consistently, pretreatment
of cardiomyocytes with siRNA against Rho A and ROCK also abolished Fn14 induction. Moreover, stimulation of cardiomyocytes
with TWEAK promoted nuclear translocation of NF-κB and subsequent induction of NF-κB dependent genes such as RANTES and MCP-1.
Conversely, when cells were pretreated with siRNA against Fn14, NF-κB activation by TWEAK was inhibited. We here provide the
first evidence of a stress-induced regulation of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis in cardiomyocytes implying a role of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway
in cardiac remodeling. 相似文献
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999.
Ngaotepprutaram Thitirat Kaplan Barbara L. F. Crawford Robert B. Kaminski Norbert E. 《Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology》2012,7(4):969-980
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology - The anti-inflammatory activity of cannabinoids has been widely demonstrated in experimental animal models and in humans. CD40-CD40-ligand (L) interactions are... 相似文献
1000.
Corazza O Schifano F Simonato P Fergus S Assi S Stair J Corkery J Trincas G Deluca P Davey Z Blaszko U Demetrovics Z Moskalewicz J Enea A di Melchiorre G Mervo B di Furia L Farre M Flesland L Pasinetti M Pezzolesi C Pisarska A Shapiro H Siemann H Skutle A Enea A di Melchiorre G Sferrazza E Torrens M van der Kreeft P Zummo D Scherbaum N 《Human psychopharmacology》2012,27(2):145-149
On the basis of the material available both in the scientific literature and on the web, this paper aims to provide a pharmacological, chemical and behavioural overview of the novel compound methoxetamine. This is a dissociative drug related to ketamine, with a much longer duration of action and intensity of effects. A critical discussion of the availability of information on the web of methoxetamine as a new recreational trend is here provided. Those methodological limitations, which are intrinsically associated with the analysis of online, non-peer reviewed, material, are here discussed as well. It is concluded that the online availability of information on novel psychoactive drugs, such as methoxethanine, may constitute a pressing public health challenge. Better international collaboration levels and novel forms of intervention are necessary to tackle this fast-growing phenomenon. 相似文献