全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4520篇 |
免费 | 301篇 |
国内免费 | 27篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 26篇 |
儿科学 | 122篇 |
妇产科学 | 85篇 |
基础医学 | 589篇 |
口腔科学 | 93篇 |
临床医学 | 479篇 |
内科学 | 1052篇 |
皮肤病学 | 74篇 |
神经病学 | 520篇 |
特种医学 | 189篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 440篇 |
综合类 | 49篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 401篇 |
眼科学 | 44篇 |
药学 | 276篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 401篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 49篇 |
2022年 | 102篇 |
2021年 | 167篇 |
2020年 | 96篇 |
2019年 | 132篇 |
2018年 | 150篇 |
2017年 | 99篇 |
2016年 | 122篇 |
2015年 | 134篇 |
2014年 | 196篇 |
2013年 | 217篇 |
2012年 | 335篇 |
2011年 | 337篇 |
2010年 | 173篇 |
2009年 | 203篇 |
2008年 | 237篇 |
2007年 | 277篇 |
2006年 | 261篇 |
2005年 | 195篇 |
2004年 | 198篇 |
2003年 | 205篇 |
2002年 | 181篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 74篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 29篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1969年 | 14篇 |
1968年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有4848条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Steven J Skates Nora Horick Yinhua Yu Feng-Ji Xu Andrew Berchuck Laura J Havrilesky Henk W A de Bruijn Ate G J van der Zee Robert P Woolas Ian J Jacobs Zhen Zhang Robert C Bast 《Journal of clinical oncology》2004,22(20):4059-4066
PURPOSE: In CA-125-based ovarian cancer screening trials, overall specificity and screening sensitivity of ultrasound after an elevated CA-125 exceeded 99.6% and 70%, respectively, thereby yielding a positive predictive value (PPV) exceeding 10%. However, sensitivity for early-stage disease was only 40%. This study aims to increase preoperative sensitivity for early-stage ovarian cancer while maintaining the annual referral rate to ultrasound at 2% by combining information across CA-125II, CA 15-3, CA 72-4, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). For direct comparisons between marker panels, all sensitivity results correspond to a 98% fixed first-line specificity (referral rate 2%). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Logistic regression, classification tree, and mixture discriminant analysis (MDA) models were fit to a training data set of preoperative serum measurements (63 patients, 126 healthy controls) from one center. Estimates from the training set applied to an independent validation set (60 stage I to II patients, 98 healthy controls) from two other centers provided unbiased estimates of sensitivity. RESULTS: Preoperative sensitivities for early-stage disease of the optimal panels were 45% for CA-125II; 67% for CA-125II and CA 72-4; 70% for CA-125II, CA 72-4, and M-CSF; and 68% for all four markers (latter two results using MDA). CONCLUSION: Efficiently combining information on CA-125II, CA 72-4, and M-CSF significantly increased preoperative early-stage sensitivity from 45% with CA-125II alone to 70%, while maintaining 98% first-line specificity. Screening trials with these markers using MDA followed by referral to ultrasound may maintain previously high levels of specificity and PPV, while significantly increasing early-stage screening sensitivity. MDA is a useful, biologically justified method for combining biomarkers. 相似文献
62.
Haptoglobin-alpha subunit as potential serum biomarker in ovarian cancer: identification and characterization using proteomic profiling and mass spectrometry. 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
Bin Ye Daniel W Cramer Steven J Skates Steven P Gygi Vanessa Pratomo Lanfei Fu Nora K Horick Larry J Licklider John O Schorge Ross S Berkowitz Samuel C Mok 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(8):2904-2911
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to identify and characterize new serum biomarkers in ovarian cancer patients using mass spectrometric protein profiling and specific immunological assays. Experimental Design: Serum samples from 80 cancer patients and 91 healthy women were analyzed by surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization-mass spectrometry (MS) profiling. A candidate biomarker was purified by affinity chromatography, and its sequence was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem MS. An antibody was generated from the synthesized peptide for quantitative validation in the cases and controls. CA125 was determined and compared with the same set of specimens. RESULTS: Using surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization, we found a serum biomarker at approximately 11700 Da, which had peak intensity significantly higher in cases (1.366) compared with controls (0.208, P = 0.002), and subsequently identified this as the alpha chain of haptoglobin. ELISA indicated that Hp-alpha was =2-fold higher in cancer serum compared with normal, benign tumor, and other gynecological cancers (P < 0.05) and had 64% sensitivity at 90% specificity alone and 91% sensitivity and 95% specificity if combined with CA125. CONCLUSIONS: Haptoglobin-derived alpha subunit is a potential marker for ovarian cancer that is complementary to CA125. MS-based protein profiling is a valuable tool for screening protein markers and useful to detect post-translational modification of tumor-associated proteins or abnormal metabolic products. However, confirmation of protein identity with specific antibodies is crucial for clinical application and functional studies. 相似文献
63.
64.
JJ Rangasami DC Greenwood B McSporran PJ Smail CC Patterson NR Waugh 《Archives of disease in childhood》1997,77(3):210-213
OBJECTIVES: To calculate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Scottish children aged less than 15 years between 1984 and 1993; to examine changes in incidence; and to calculate the prevalence of diabetes at the end of this period. DESIGN: Three data sources were used to construct the Scottish Study Group for the Care of Young Diabetics register: active reporting of all new cases; reports from the Scottish Morbidity Register 1; and local registers. SUBJECTS: All children resident in Scotland diagnosed with primary insulin dependent diabetes mellitus when less than 15 years of age between 1984 and 1993. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Annual incidence and prevalence rate for Scotland; time trend in incidence over the 10 years; differences in incidence between the three different age groups; and completeness of the register. RESULTS: The average annual incidence for Scotland was 23.9/100,000 children. The prevalence rate was 1.5/1000 in 1993. A total of 2326 cases was identified from the three sources. Capture-recapture analysis suggests a case ascertainment of 98.6%. The annual incidence rates increased at a rate of 2% each year (rate ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.03). The incidence was higher in boys than girls (rate ratio = 1.08, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.18), and the incidence rates increased with age: 15.3/100,000/year for age 0-4 years, 24.4/ 100,000/year for age 5-9 years, and 31.9/ 100,000/year for age 10-14 years. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of type 1 diabetes in Scotland is increasing and the prevalence is relatively high. These findings have important implications for health service resource allocation. The Scottish Study Group for the Care of Young Diabetics' register provides a base for monitoring and research. 相似文献
65.
Guo RJ; Wang Y; Kaneko E; Wang DY; Arai H; Hanai H; Takenoshita S; Hagiwara K; Harris CC; Sugimura H 《Carcinogenesis》1998,19(9):1539-1544
Mutations in the transforming growth factor beta type II receptor
(TGFbetaRII) gene have been detected in several human cancer types
exhibiting microsatellite instability. Using intron primers previously
reported for examination of the entire coding region of the TGFbetaRII
gene, 29 sporadic gastric cancers were screened with non-radioactive single
strand conformation polymorphism and subsequent DNA sequencing analysis.
Mutations of the TGFbetaRII gene were detected in three out of 29 tumors
(10%). Two cases showed deletions in a polyadenine tract in both alleles
and was positively associated with replication error. One case had an
insertion of GA dinucleotide sequence in one allele. Mutations of the
TGFbetaRII gene were restricted to exon 3 and other coding regions were not
affected. Loss of heterozygosity was detected by analyzing a polymorphic
site in intron 2. Three out of nine (33%) informative cases, which were all
of intestinal type and advanced cases, showed loss of heterozygosity but
neither TGFbetaRII mutation nor replication error was found in these cases.
Immunoreactivity of TGFbetaRII in tumor tissues was reduced to a different
extent in the gastric cancer with genetically abnormal transforming growth
factor. Although the numbers studied are small, homozygous (A)10 deletion
or loss of heterozygosity of TGFbetaRII is involved in tumorigenesis and
progression of at least some part of sporadic gastric cancer.
相似文献
66.
Wang WS; Hsieh RK; Chiou TJ; Liu JH; Fan FS; Yen CC; Tung SL; Chen PM 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(9):551-554
A 54-year-old man was treated with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil (2600 mg/m2) and leucovorin (100 mg/m2) for metastatic colon
cancer. At first, he tolerated the treatment well and no significant
toxicity was identified. After a total of eight courses of treatment, a
stable disease was observed, but mild shortness of breath was found on
occasion. The patient had no previous history of cardiac disease and the
heart performance assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction before
treatment was normal. Unfortunately, acute pulmonary edema with lethal
cardiogenic shock occurred during the ninth course of treatment, in spite
of intensive medical treatment. The chest X-ray showed extreme
cardiomegaly. Repeated assessment of his heart function by echocardiogram
and ventricular ejection fraction revealed a very poor cardiac performance.
Toxic cardiogenic shock during weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil and leucovorin is extremely rare. To the best of our
knowledge, no case has been reported in the English literature. We report a
case and the relevant literature about the incidence, clinical picture and
possible pathophysiology on 5-fluorouracil-related cardioxicity is
reviewed.
相似文献
67.
68.
目的:观察妇科开腹手术患者术前给予依他昔布120mg对术后自控镇痛(PCA)吗啡用量的影响及其副作用。方法:随机选取全麻下接受妇科开腹全子宫(双附件)切除患者40例,术前分别给予安慰剂或依他昔布120mg口服。在手术后观察24h患者PCA吗啡用量,同时记录患者的疼痛评分和满意度评分,并观察不良反应。结果:术后PCA吗啡24h消耗量在依他昔布组为9.4±7.6mg,显著低于安慰剂组15.7±8.9mg。两组患者24h内对PCA的按压次数依他昔布组也低于安慰剂组(P<0.05)。其中术后3、6、8和12hPCA吗啡消耗量在两组间无显著差异。两组患者术后24h疼痛评分和对镇痛治疗的满意度也无差异。两组患者不良反应的发生率亦无差别。结论:在妇科开腹手术患者术前应用依他昔布120mg可使患者术后PCA吗啡消耗量降低,且在术后12h后下降明显。未发现与依他昔布应用相关的副作用。 相似文献
69.