牙源性角化囊肿的临床与X线诊断（附26例分析）

本文报告了经手术、病理证实的２６例牙源性角化囊肿，着重分析了其临床特点与Ｘ线表现，提出了本病的Ｘ线诊断依据：①单房不含牙的牙源性囊肿，囊内不含死髓牙的根尖者。②多房不含牙的牙源性囊肿，房的大小、形态相似，并有沿颌骨长轴发展趋向者。③单或多房含牙的牙源性囊肿，所含牙齿不具备真正含齿囊肿特点者。④多发性颌骨囊肿，房的大小、形态及部位有对称分布倾向者。     

Grosse-Kempf髓内交锁钉治疗股骨干骨折延迟愈合及骨不连

目的探讨ＧｒｏｓｅＫｅｍｐｆ髓内交锁钉（ＧＫ钉）治疗普通髓内钉或加压钢板固定股骨干骨折失败的延迟愈合或骨不连的疗效。方法采用ＧＫ钉治疗股骨干骨折延迟愈合及骨不连１２例。结果随访１１例,随访时间平均１１个月,骨折均达骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为５５个月。结论ＧＫ钉除具有普通髓内钉的优点外,还可以有效防止骨折旋转,固定牢靠。     

乳腺癌组织中细胞粘附分子CD15的定量研究

为了探讨细胞粘附分子ＣＤ１５表达及含量与乳腺癌分化程度和淋巴结转移状况的关系,应用微波－ＳＰ法和图像分析技术,对９４例乳腺癌和１０例正常乳腺组织中ＣＤ１５的表达及含量进行检测。结果：ＣＤ１５表达阳性物质在正常乳腺中有很极性地位于腺上皮游高面,而在乳腺癌中主要分布于浆膜;ＣＤ１５表达阳性率和图像定量分析平均光密度值在乳腺癌组织中均显著高于正常乳腺组织,并均随乳腺癌分化程度减低和淋巴结转移而     

Attitudes Towards Bariatric Surgery in the General Public

Background

Prevalence rates of obesity are still rising. Weight loss surgery (WLS) is the most invasive but also most effective treatment option when behavioral modification has failed. Research indicates that health care professionals hold ambivalent views on bariatric surgery, while views of the general public have not yet been investigated.

Methods

In a German representative sample of n?=?3,003 respondents in a computer-assisted telephone interview, n?=?1,008 persons were interviewed on their views of the effectiveness of bariatric surgery and other interventions for obesity. Also, willingness to recommend a treatment was assessed.

Results

Lifestyle-based interventions were viewed as most effective in terms of weight loss. About 50 % of the population stated that WLS is “very effective” while still a quarter of respondents did not ascribe effectiveness to WLS. Higher age was associated with lower expectations of effectiveness while higher stigmatizing attitudes and genetic attributes for obesity were associated with higher expectations of effectiveness. Seventy-two percent would not recommend WLS or undergo it, if applicable, themselves. Higher educated respondents and those that viewed WLS as effective were more likely to recommend WLS.

Conclusions

The German general public seems to be rather cautious regarding bariatric surgery. It may be assumed that false beliefs on the effectiveness and risk patterns of bariatric surgery are still very common, despite rising surgery numbers. Our results further emphasize the need for providing evidence-based information on bariatric surgery to the general public.     

重叠甲型肝炎病毒感染对慢性乙型肝炎影响的对比研究

应用ELISA法对126例CHB患者检测血清抗－HAV－IgM，同时应用肝穿刺活检、荧光定量PCR及免疫组化技术对重叠与未重叠HAV感染者进行了临床与病理学对比。具有可比性的重叠与未重叠感染者8例、16例1年后做第2次肝穿活检；HBeAg阴性重叠感染者9例做HAV感染急性期、 恢复期血清HBeAg定性、HBV－DNA含量对比。结果发现重叠HAV感染者22例。重叠感染者较未重叠感染者ALT、TBIL增高、PTA降低，但A／G、γ－EP无显著差别；血清HBeAg、肝组织HBcAg阳性率及血清、肝组织HBV－DNA含量低；肝组织炎症活动度重，但纤维化程度无明显差别。重叠与未重叠感染者1年前肝脏病变无显著差别，1年后仍无显著差别。HAV感染恢复期血清HBeAg阳性率、HBV－DNA含量高于急性期。提示重叠HAV感染加重CHB肝脏炎症活动度， 但并不加重纤维化程度及加速进展；抑制HBV复制，但并不持久。     

正常腹内压影响因素的临床研究

目的　探讨正常腹内压的影响因素 ,建立腹内压回归方程。方法　应用膀胱测压法测定 10 6例住院患者的腹内压 ,并对年龄、性别、身高、体重、体质指数、既往和近期腹部手术史、住院原因、合并症情况及数量等 14项因子与腹内压的关系进行分析。结果　住院患者平均腹内压为 5 .5mmHg( 1mmHg =0 .133kPa) ,范围为 0 .4～12 .8mmHg。各级体质指数相应的腹内压差异有显著性意义 (F =5 .5 5 0 ,P<0 .0 1)。男性腹内压比女性高 2 .0mmHg ,差异有显著性意义 (t=3.12 2 ,P<0 .0 1)。其他 12种因素对腹内压无明显影响 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　正常腹内压可能受性别和体质指数影响 ,存在明显的个体差异     

男性不育患者精浆尿酸的检测及临床意义初探

目的 :检测男性不育患者精浆尿酸的含量 ,并探讨其与不育的关系。　方法 :2 0 0 3年 2～ 8月就诊的男性不育患者 1 6 3例 ,分为 4组 :梗阻性无精子症组 ,1 5例 ;非梗阻性无精子症组 ,36例 ;少精子症组 ,4 3例 ;弱精子症组 ,6 9例。 2 0例正常生育男性为正常对照组。上述各组均作精液参数分析及精浆尿酸含量的测定。　结果 :正常对照组精浆尿酸含量为 (396 .9± 5 3.1 ) μmol/L ,显著高于梗阻性无精子症组 [(79.5± 1 8.1 ) μmol/L]、非梗阻性无精子症组[(2 4 5 .8± 76 .5 ) μmol/L]、少精子症组 [(2 6 2 .2± 79.2 ) μmol/L]和弱精子症组 [(2 5 1 .4± 75 .4 ) μmol/L](P均 <0 .0 1 )。其中 ,梗阻性无精子症组精浆尿酸含量又显著低于其他各不育症组 (P均 <0 .0 1 ) ,其余各不育症组间精浆尿酸含量差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :精浆中尿酸作为生殖系统中的一种重要抗氧化物 ,可能在男性生殖中具有一定意义。     

内镜标本端粒酶定量检测对良恶性梗阻性黄疸的诊断价值

目的　为探讨胆胰系统恶性肿瘤组织与端粒酶表达的关系 ,并在术前找出一种简便、安全、快速的早期诊断及鉴别良、恶性梗阻性黄疸的方法。方法　对梗阻性黄疸病例于术前行内镜逆行胰胆管造影 (ERCP)检查 ,于造影前抽取胆汁或胰液、部分病例取活检组织 ,并于开腹手术当中再次切取癌组织标本 ,所有标本进行端粒酶活性的定量检测 ,所得数据进行统计学处理。结果　 (1)恶性梗阻性黄疸组织标本中端粒酶表达阳性率为 87 5 0 % (2 8/ 32 ) ,良性梗阻性黄疸组织标本中端粒酶表达阳性率为 3 33% (1/ 30 ) ;(2 )恶性梗阻性黄疸体液标本中端粒酶表达阳性率为 71 88% (2 3/ 32 ) ,良性梗阻性黄疸体液标本中端粒酶表达阳性率为 3 33% (1/ 30 ) ,恶性梗阻性黄疸内镜下钳取的活检组织 ,其端粒酶阳性率为 83 33% (10 / 12 )。结论　在术前通过十二指肠镜采集患者的胆汁和胰液 ,并钳取活检组织 ,分别进行端粒酶活性的定量检测 ,这是一种简便、安全、快速的早期诊断及鉴别良、恶性梗阻性黄疸的方法。     

Construction and application of traditional Chinese medicine-oriented care model for stroke

目的 通过理论与临床相结合的研究方式构建中风病辨证施护模式,以提高护理效果和患者满意度.方法 将200例中风病患者按病区分为观察组104例和对照组96例.对照组采用中医常规护理方案;观察组构建中风病辨证施护模式,采用该模式对患者辩证分型施护.连续14d后评价效果.结果 观察组疗效、Barthel指数评价及患者满意度显著高于对照组,并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 中风病辩证施护模式应用于临床效果可靠,患者满意,可作为中医临床护理和研究的借鉴.     

Discovery of a new waveform for intraoperative monitoring of hemifacial spasms

Background

Surgeons often rely on intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring to determine whether decompression is sufficient during microvascular decompression surgery for hemifacial spasms. A new monitoring method is needed when an abnormal muscle response is occasionally not available or is unreliable. This study was an observational clinical trial exploring a new waveform recorded from the facial muscles while the offending artery wall was electrically stimulated.

Methods

Thirty-two patients with typical hemifacial spasm and 12 with trigeminal neuralgia as a control were included. The facial muscle response was recorded during microvascular decompression surgery while the offending artery wall was stimulated (2?mA?×?0.2?ms). The latency, amplitude, and effective refractory period were analyzed.

Results

A waveform was recorded from the facial muscles of patients with hemifacial spasm when the offending artery wall was stimulated and was named the “Z-L response.” The latency was 7.3?±?0.8?ms, the amplitude was 0.08?±?0.02?mV, and the effective refractory period was 3.5–4?ms. The Z-L response disappeared immediately after microvascular decompression. No waveform was recorded from the facial muscles of patients with trigeminal neuralgia while the anterior inferior cerebellar artery, which adheres to the facial nerve, was stimulated (2?mA?×?0.2?ms).

Conclusion

We found a new waveform for intraoperative monitoring of hemifacial spasm. The Z-L response was useful when the abnormal muscle response was absent before decompression or persisted after all vascular compressions were properly treated. Particularly, the Z-L response may help neurosurgeons determine the real culprit when multiple offending vessels exist.