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21.
Kohel Kara Hatton-Bowers Holly Williams Natalie Dev Dipti Behrends Donnia Hulse Emily Rida Zainab Dingman Holly Dinkel Danae Gebhart Liz 《Maternal and child health journal》2021,25(4):510-520
Maternal and Child Health Journal - Breastfeeding and responsive feeding are important practices that support the health of infants and women. In the United States, breastfeeding continuation rates... 相似文献
22.
Diagnostic utility of testosterone priming prior to dynamic tests to differentiate constitutional delay in puberty from isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 下载免费PDF全文
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Stephen M.M. Tai Pranai Buddhdev Aroon Baskaradas Nishanth Sivarasan Nigel R.M. Tai 《Orthopaedics and Trauma》2013,27(6):379-392
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication amongst patients who sustain major trauma. Whilst DVT may result in long-term morbidity, it is the potential for the fatal consequences of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) that remain a significant cause for concern in the severely injured patient. The incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) are discussed. The aetiology of thrombus formation in trauma is reviewed in depth.Multiple methods of thromboprophylaxis exist, both pharmacological and mechanical. Inferior venal caval filters, on the other hand, aim to prevent the emboli from DVTs that have already formed lodging within the pulmonary vasculature. All modalities have potential advantages and disadvantages.The likelihood of DVT can potentially be predicted by scoring systems, whilst numerous methods of DVT detection can be employed. Once DVT has been diagnosed, treatment should be commenced.Major trauma patients may sustain a vast array of injuries, and prevention and treatment of VTE in specific injury patterns are reviewed. However, further evidence in the form of multi-centre, randomized controlled trials must be obtained before a standardized protocol for thromboprophylaxis in major trauma can be produced. 相似文献
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Lucy Mackillop Lise Loerup Katy Bartlett Andrew Farmer Oliver J. Gibson Jane E. Hirst Yvonne Kenworthy Dev A. Kevat Jonathan C. Levy Lionel Tarassenko 《Journal of diabetes science and technology》2014,8(6):1105-1114
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as new onset or recognition of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Evidence supports tight blood glucose regulation to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Finger-prick blood glucose (BG) testing with frequent clinic review remains the most common method of managing diabetes in pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM is rising globally, pressuring resource-limited services. We have developed an intuitive, interactive, reliable, and accurate management system to record BG measurements and deliver management of GDM remotely. Following an initial scoping phase, a prototype software application was developed using an Android smartphone with BG meter linkage via Bluetooth. A custom website was built for clinician review of the data transmitted by the smartphone. After system refinement, further evaluation was undertaken for usability and reliability in a 48-patient service development project. Women used the system for an average of 13.1 weeks. In all, 19 686 BG measures were transmitted, 98.6% of which had a meal tag. A total of 466 text messages were transmitted. A mean of 30 BG readings per woman per week were transmitted, and 85% of women submitted the minimum requirement of 18 readings per week. We have developed a novel, real-time, smartphone-based BG monitoring management system that allows clinician review of real-time patient-annotated BG results. Results indicate high usage and excellent compliance by women. Robust clinical, economic, and satisfaction evaluations are required. To address these requirements, we are currently conducting a randomized controlled pilot trial. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND AND AIM: In the developed world hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is predominantly associated with sharing contaminated equipment between injecting drug users (IDU). In developing countries inadequately sterilized medical equipment, transmission of infected blood and cultural practices have been implicated. Accurate risk factor assessment is essential for education targeted at risk reduction in culturally diverse populations. METHODS: Ninety Australian-born Caucasians and 72 South-east Asian (SEA) HCV patients attending a Melbourne hospital liver clinic completed a questionnaire which assessed risk factor profile, perceived risk factors, knowledge of risk factors and methods to minimize transmission. Medical records were audited to identify doctor assessment of risk factors. RESULTS: Risk factors in Caucasians were IDU, body piercing and tattooing (89%, 47% and 32%, respectively). Risk factors in SEA patients were injection therapy, dental therapy and surgery (89%, 70% and 38%, respectively). Most Caucasian patients (94%) correctly identified their mode of acquisition compared with 33% of SEA patients (P < 0.0001). Accurate risk factor documentation in medical records was more common in Caucasians (96 vs 32%; P < 0.0001). The majority of patients identified blood-to-blood and sexual/vertical transmission as important modes of acquisition. However, 33% of SEA patients believed transmission occurred through food, water and poor hygiene and 80% did not identify therapeutic injection or traditional medical practices as risk factors. Education provided to SEA patients did not address less well established routes of transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Ethnicity influences perception and knowledge of risk factors. Improved assessment of risk factors in high-risk ethnic groups is needed. Education should be culturally appropriate and address the concerns of all populations with HCV. 相似文献
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Charles E. Brady III M.D. Stephen J. Utts M.D. John R. Hyatt M.D. Jai Dev 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1988,83(2):130-135
Our previous secretin provocation studies in normal volunteers and unoperated duodenal ulcer patients suggested that the gastrin rise in gastrinoma may be an exaggeration of the normal response rather than paradoxical. We report further studies in various clinical settings having normogastrinemia (normal, n = 17; unoperated duodenal ulcer, n = 13; primary hyperparathyroidism, n = 7) and hypergastrinemia (postvagotomy, n = 5; hypochlorhydria, n = 7; achlorhydria, n = 10; chronic renal failure, n = 10; gastrinoma, n = 5). Under all nongastrinoma conditions, there were similar gastrin rises of 9-19% between 2 and 5 min after bolus intravenous GIH secretin (2 CU/kg), which fell to baseline by 8 min, except for chronic renal failure. In chronic renal failure, gastrin remained elevated from 7 to 30 min and was significantly different (p less than 0.05) at 10-30 min compared to all other nongastrinoma conditions except hyperparathyroidism. Peak rises occurred within 5 min in all entities, but only three gastrinoma patients had positive secretin provocation tests by the predefined criterion of a gastrin rise greater than 200 pg/ml. The results of secretin provocation in various clinical entities with and without hypergastrinemia further support the hypothesis that the gastrin rise in gastrinoma is an exaggeration of the normal response. The prolonged gastrin rise seen in chronic renal failure may be due to altered renal clearance, inasmuch as other hypergastrinemic states had responses similar to normal and duodenal ulcer. 相似文献
29.
Sharma Arun Dev Agnish Suraj Kaur Inderjeet 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2021,91(4):971-983
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Cymbopogon khasianus (Hack.) is widely distributed and an underutilized plants in tropical and subtropical... 相似文献
30.
Nishanth Parameswaran Oriol Mitj Christian Bottomley Cynthia Kwakye Wendy Houinei Allan Pillay Damien Danavall Kai-Hua Chi Ronald C. Ballard Anthony W. Solomon Cheng Y. Chen Sibauk V. Bieb Yaw Adu-Sarkodie David C. W. Mabey Kingsley Asiedu Michael Marks Diana L. Martin 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2021,59(5)