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971.
Chirayath Shiga Rappai Bhavani Nisha Vinayan K P Praveen VP Nair Sajitha 《International journal of diabetes in developing countries.》2021,41(3):518-521
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries - This case series highlights rare reversible neurological complications encountered in two children who presented with diabetic... 相似文献
972.
Puja Amatya Dheeraj Shah Natasha Gupta Nisha K. Bhatta 《Indian journal of pediatrics》2014,81(5):441-445
Objectives
To measure the normal range of dimensions of liver in children of various age groups and to compare the liver measurement obtained by palpation-percussion, auscultation and ultrasonography.Methods
This was a cross-sectional comparative study in which 500 normal (weight for height between ± 2 SD of WHO standards for children aged less than 5 y and BMI between ± 2 SD of WHO standards for children aged more than 5 y) children (0–15 y) divided in 5 age groups (100 in each age group). Subjects were enroled from normal hospital delivery neonates, children visiting immunization and well baby clinics, children visiting outpatient and inpatient department with minor illnesses and healthy school children.Results
The normal range of dimensions of liver in children were estimated and percentile tables of liver size were established. Though the measurements obtained by clinical methods were significantly (P?<?0.001) lower than those obtained by ultrasonography, there was a strong correlation between clinical and ultrasonographic measurement. Palpation-percussion method could estimate the liver size within ± 1.0 cm of what was obtained by ultrasonography in 88 % of cases. In more than half of the study children (54.2 %), this estimation was within ± 0.5 cm.Conclusions
Clinical methods of liver span estimation strongly correlate with ultrasonographic measurement. The performance of palpation-percussion method is better than that of auscultation. Clinical methods should continue to be used for the estimation of liver size. 相似文献973.
Constitutive activation of the interleukin 2 gene in the induction of spontaneous in vitro transformation and tumorigenicity of T cells. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
M Nagarkatti M Hassuneh A Seth K Manickasundari P S Nagarkatti 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1994,91(16):7638-7642
There is growing evidence to suggest that tumorigenic transformation of cells may result from aberrant regulation of autocrine growth factor production. In the current study we describe the spontaneous in vitro transformation of T-lymphocyte cell lines during routine cell culture as evidenced by autonomous growth without any requirement for stimulation or exogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2). These cells constitutively expressed the IL-2 gene and were inhibited from proliferating by addition of antibodies against IL-2, the IL-2 receptor, or IL-2 antisense oligonucleotides, thereby suggesting that the cell transformation resulted from IL-2-mediated autocrine growth. The transformed cells when injected into nude but not normal mice induced tumors that were inhibited by antibodies against IL-2 and the IL-2 receptor as well as by immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin A. These studies demonstrate that aberrant regulation of IL-2 production can lead to spontaneous transformation of T cells in vitro, capable of inducing tumors in vivo. Our studies not only provide evidence for the important role played by autocrine growth factors in tumorigenicity but also stress the need to use caution while performing immunotherapy using in vitro-cultured T cells against cancer and viral infections, particularly in an immunodeficient host, to exclude any possible transfer of transformed mutant cells. 相似文献
974.
975.
Background
Few studies have focused on investigating hypoalbuminemia in patients during earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In particular, little is known about the role of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Our goal in this paper is to study how GI symptoms relate to serum albumin levels in CKD, especially in the context of and compared with inflammation.Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study of 3599 patients with chronic kidney disease enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study. All subjects were asked to complete the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study patient symptom form. Our main predictor is GI symptom score. Serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured as well. Main outcome measures are serum albumin levels and prevalence of hypoalbuminemia.Results
Of the participants assessed, mean serum albumin was 3.95?±?0.46 g/dL; 12.7 % had hypoalbuminemia. Patients with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were likely to have more GI symptoms (apparent at an eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m2). Patients with worse GI symptoms had lower dietary protein intake. GI symptoms, like inflammation, were risk factors for lower serum albumin levels. However, adding GI symptom score or CRP into the multivariable regression analysis, did not attenuate the association between lower eGFR and lower albumin or hypoalbuminemia.Conclusions
Increased prevalence of GI symptoms become apparent among CKD patients at relatively high eGFR levels (45 ml/min/1.73 m2), long before ESRD. Patients with more severe GI symptoms scores are more likely to have hypoalbuminemia. But our data do not support GI symptoms/decreased protein intake or inflammation as being the main determinants of serum albumin level in CKD patients.976.
CD44 deletion leading to attenuation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis results from alterations in gut microbiome in mice 下载免费PDF全文
Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala Hongbing Guan Narendra P. Singh Brandon Busbee Alexa Gandy Pegah Mehrpouya‐Bahrami Mitra S. Ganewatta Chuanbing Tang Saurabh Chatterjee Prakash Nagarkatti Mitzi Nagarkatti 《European journal of immunology》2017,47(7):1188-1199
Dysbiosis in gut microbiome has been shown to be associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated the pivotal role played by CD44 in the regulation of EAE, a murine model of multiple sclerosis. In the current study, we determined whether these effects resulted from an alteration in gut microbiota and the short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in CD44 knockout (CD44KO) mice. Fecal transfer from naïve CD44KO but not C57BL/6 wild type (CD44WT) mice, into EAE‐induced CD44WT mice, led to significant amelioration of EAE. High‐throughput bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by clustering sequences into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and biochemical analysis, revealed that EAE‐induced CD44KO mice showed significant diversity, richness, and evenness when compared to EAE‐induced CD44WT mice at the phylum level, with dominant Bacteroidetes (68.5%) and low Firmicutes (26.8%). Further, data showed a significant change in the abundance of SCFAs, propionic acid, and i‐butyric acid in EAE‐CD44KO compared to EAE‐CD44WT mice. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the attenuation of EAE seen following CD44 gene deletion in mice may result from alterations in the gut microbiota and SCFAs. Furthermore, our studies also demonstrate that the phenotype of gene knock‐out animals may be shaped by gut microbiota. 相似文献
977.
Parikh NI Hwang SJ Larson MG Hoffmann U Levy D Meigs JB O'Donnell CJ Fox CS 《The American journal of cardiology》2008,102(4):440-443
It is uncertain whether moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) or measures of kidney function are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis as represented by coronary artery calcium (CAC) or abdominal aortic calcium (AAC). We used logistic and linear regression analyses to relate CKD (glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)), cystatin C (cysC), and microalbuminuria (MA) with CAC and AAC obtained using multidetector computed tomography in Framingham Heart Study Offspring participants (mean age 59 years, 55.3% women). Increased CAC and AAC were defined as > or =90th percentile age- and gender-specific cutpoints based on a healthy referent sample. Major cardiovascular disease risk factors were accounted for in multivariable models. Of 1,179 participants, 1,174 had AAC measurements and 1,147 had CAC measurements, 6.3% had CKD, and 8.3% had MA. CKD was not associated with CAC (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [OR] for CKD 1.18, 95% confidence interval 0.59 to 2.36, p = 0.63) or AAC (multivariable-adjusted OR for CKD 1.11, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 2.04, p = 0.73). CysC was associated with CAC in age- and gender-adjusted but not in multivariable models (age- and gender-adjusted OR for log cysC per SD increment and CAC 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.41, p = 0.04; multivariable-adjusted OR 1.14, 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 1.38, p = 0.15). MA was not associated with CAC (OR 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.41 to 1.61, p = 0.54). Neither cysC nor MA was significantly associated with AAC in age- and gender- or multivariable-adjusted models. In conclusion, CKD, cysC, and MA are not associated with CAC or AAC when accounting for cardiovascular disease risk factors. 相似文献
978.
Jason D. Barbour Emilie C. Jalbert Dominic C. Chow Louie Mar A. Gangcuangco Philip J. Norris Sheila M. Keating John Heitman Lorna Nagamine Todd Seto Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu Beau K. Nakamoto Howard N. Hodis Nisha I. Parikh Cecilia M. Shikuma 《Atherosclerosis》2014
HIV infection causes systemic immune inflammation, and increases the risk for cardiovascular (CVD) disease even among those on virologically suppressive anti-retroviral treatment (ART). We performed a biostatistical analysis and screen of candidate cellular and plasma biomarkers for association with carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), independent of traditional CVD risk factors such as age, gender, systolic blood pressure (SBP), lipid levels, smoking and diabetes. We conducted a multi-stage analysis based on a cross-sectional study of CVD risk in HIV-infected subjects age >45 years on ART for >6 months. The goal of this analysis was to identify candidate cellular and plasma biomarkers of CIMT in HIV-1 infected adults. We further sought to determine if these candidate biomarkers were independent of traditional CVD risk factors previously identified in HIV negative adults. High-resolution B-mode ultrasound images of the right common carotid common artery (CCA) were obtained. Plasma soluble inflammatory mediators, cytokines and chemokines were detected. Monocytes were defined by CD14/CD16 expression, and CD8+ T-cell activation by CD38/HLA-DR expression. Subjects were a median of 49.5 years old, 87% male, had a CIMT of 0.73 mm, FRS of 6%, a median viral load of 48 copies/mL, and CD4+ T cell count of 479 cells/μL. Soluble VCAM-1, and expansion of CD14dimCD16− monocytes each associated with higher CIMT independently of age and SBP. These factors are distinct components of a shared atherogenic process; 1) vascular endothelial molecular expression and 2) vascular monocytes that enter into the vascular endothelium and promote atherosclerotic plaque. 相似文献
979.
980.
Nisha Shantakumari Rasha Ali Eldeeb Salwa Abdelzaher Mabrouk Ibrahim Jayadevan Sreedharan Sufian Otoum 《Indian heart journal》2014,66(4):408-414