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Sigrid Theunissen Julie Schumacker François Guerrero Frauke Tillmans Antoine Boutros Kate Lambrechts Aleksandra Mazur Massimo Pieri Peter Germonpré Costantino Balestra 《European journal of applied physiology》2013,113(12):2967-2975
Objective
The aim of this study is to observe the effects of dark chocolate on endothelial function after a series of successive apnea dives in non-thermoneutral water.Methods
Twenty breath-hold divers were divided into two groups: a control group (8 males and 2 females) and a chocolate group (9 males and 1 female). The control group was asked to perform a series of dives to 20 m adding up to 20 min in the quiet diving pool of Conflans-Ste-Honorine (Paris, France), water temperature was 27 °C. The chocolate group performed the dives 1 h after ingestion of 30 g of dark chocolate. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), digital photoplethysmography, nitric oxide (NO), and peroxynitrite ONOO?) levels were measured before and after each series of breath-hold dives.Results
A significant decrease in FMD was observed in the control group after the dives (95.28 ± 2.9 % of pre-dive values, p < 0.001) while it was increased in the chocolate group (104.1 ± 2.9 % of pre-dive values, p < 0.01). A decrease in the NO level was observed in the control group (86.76 ± 15.57 %, p < 0.05) whereas no difference was shown in the chocolate group (98.44 ± 31.86 %, p > 0.05). No differences in digital photoplethysmography and peroxynitrites were observed between before and after the dives.Conclusion
Antioxidants contained in dark chocolate scavenge free radicals produced during breath-hold diving. Ingestion of 30 g of dark chocolate 1 h before the dive can thus prevent endothelial dysfunction which can be observed after a series of breath-hold dives. 相似文献23.
Relationship Between Peer Victimization and Posttraumatic Stress Among Primary School Children 下载免费PDF全文
Leib Litman Giuseppe Costantino Richard Waxman Caribel Sanabria‐Velez Von Marie Rodriguez‐Guzman Anabelle Lampon‐Velez Richard Brown Tomas Cruz 《Journal of traumatic stress》2015,28(4):348-354
Peer victimization is a common stressor experienced by children. Although peer victimization has been studied extensively, few studies have examined the potential link between peer victimization and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and no studies of which we are aware have examined this link among children in primary school. The paucity of studies examining the link between PTSD and peer victimization in primary school is surprising because peer victimization occurs more frequently and is more likely to be physical among 7‐ and 8‐year‐old children. This study assessed the relationship between peer victimization and PTSD in a sample of 358 elementary school children (ages 6–11 years). Results indicated that peer victimization accounted for 14.1% of PTSD symptom severity among boys and 10.1% among girls. Additionally, we found gender differences in the types of peer victimization that were most associated with PTSD symptom severity (d = 0.38). The long‐term developmental consequences that may be associated with peer victimization‐linked PTSD symptomatology are discussed. 相似文献
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Antonino Cannas Giuseppe Borghero Gian Luca Floris Paolo Solla Adriano Chiò Bryan J. Traynor Andrea Calvo Gabriella Restagno Elisa Majounie Emanuela Costantino Valeria Piras Loredana Lavra Carla Pani Gianni Orofino Francesca Di Stefano Paolo Tacconi Marcello Mario Mascia Antonella Muroni Maria Rita Murru Stefania Tranquilli Daniela Corongiu Marcella Rolesu Stefania Cuccu Francesco Marrosu Maria Giovanna Marrosu 《Neurogenetics》2013,14(2):161-166
Based on our previous finding of the p.A382T founder mutation in ALS patients with concomitant parkinsonism in the Sardinian population, we hypothesized that the same variant may underlie Parkinson's disease (PD) and/or other forms of degenerative parkinsonism on this Mediterranean island. We screened a cohort of 611 patients with PD (544 cases) and other forms of degenerative parkinsonism (67 cases) and 604 unrelated controls for the c.1144G > A (p.A382T) missense mutation of the TARDBP gene. The p.A382T mutation was identified in nine patients with parkinsonism. Of these, five (0.9 % of PD patients) presented a typical PD (two with familiar forms), while four patients (6.0 % of all other forms of parkinsonism) presented a peculiar clinical presentation quite different from classical atypical parkinsonism with an overlap of extrapyramidal–pyramidal–cognitive clinical signs. The mutation was found in eight Sardinian controls (1.3 %) consistent with a founder mutation in the island population. Our findings suggest that the clinical presentation of the p.A382T TARDBP gene mutation may include forms of parkinsonism in which the extrapyramidal signs are the crucial core of the disease at onset. These forms can present PSP or CBD-like clinical signs, with bulbar and/or extrabulbar pyramidal signs and cognitive impairment. No evidence of association has been found between TARDBP gene mutation and typical PD. 相似文献
27.
Cosimo De Nunzio Costantino Leonardo Giorgio Franco Francesco Esperto Aldo Brassetti Giovanni Simonelli Dino Dente Carlo De Dominicis Andrea Tubaro 《World journal of urology》2013,31(2):365-369
Purpose
To externally validate the performance characteristics of the Briganti’s risk stratification tool for baseline staging bone scan in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa).Methods
From 2009 onwards, a consecutive series of patients with PCa were enrolled. All patients were staged to evaluate the presence of bone metastasis (BM) with a conventional total-body Tc 99 m MDP scintigraphy performed regardless of baseline PCa characteristics. The area under the curve (AUC) estimates were used to test the accuracy of the Briganti’s risk stratification tool that recommended staging baseline bone scan for patients with a biopsy Gleason score >7 or with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >10 ng/ml and palpable disease (cT2/T3). The new tool was compared to the European Association of Urology (EAU) guideline.Results
A total of 313 patients were consecutively enrolled. Median age was 68 (range 49–95 years), and median PSA was 7 ng/ml (range 0.81–2,670). Twenty (6.4 %) patients presented BMs. Patients with BMs were significantly older, with higher PSA and a higher Gleason score (p = 0.001). The novel Briganti’s model was significantly (p = 0.001) more accurate (AUC: 0.75; CI: 0.632–0.859) than the EAU guideline (AUC: 0.64; CI: 0.52–0.761) for the prediction of BMs.Conclusions
Our study validated in a group of patients with PCa the novel risk stratification tool proposed by Briganti, which presented a higher accuracy for baseline staging bone scan when compared with the EAU guideline. In our experience, this approach would further reduce (about 60 %) the use of staging baseline bone scan without compromising the ability to detect BMs in patients with PCa. 相似文献28.
Munehisa Shimamura Ping Zhou Barbara Casolla Liping Qian Carmen Capone Hitomi Kurinami Costantino Iadecola Josef Anrather 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2013,33(8):1207-1214
Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contributes to excitotoxic and ischemic neuronal cell death by engaging neuronal PGE2 type 1 receptors (EP1R). Our previous studies have shown that EP1R signaling resulted in disturbances of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and suppression of the pro-survival protein kinase AKT. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these pathophysiological mechanism have a role in the neuronal cell death after transient forebrain ischemia. Mice were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Hippocampal cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) neuronal cell death was determined 5 days after reperfusion. Animals treated with the EP1R antagonist SC51089 or EP1R-deficient mice (EP1−/−) showed significantly less neuronal injury as compared to vehicle-treated wild-type controls. Benefits of EP1R blockage were still evident 14 days after injury. Better neuronal survival was correlated with reduced neuronal caspase-3 activity and decreased nuclear translocation of the apoptosis-inducing factor . Neuroprotection could be reverted by intracerebroventricular administration of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor and was not further increased by the calcineurin inhibitor FK506. These data implicate EP1R in postischemic neuronal apoptosis possibly by facilitating AKT inhibition. LY294002相似文献
29.
Fabrizio Sallustio Giacomo Koch Silvia Di Legge Costanza Rossi Barbara Rizzato Simone Napolitano Domenico Samà Natale Arnò Angela Giordano Domenicantonio Tropepi Giulia Misaggi Marina Diomedi Costantino Del Giudice Alessio Spinelli Sebastiano Fabiano Matteo Stefanini Daniel Konda Carlo Andrea Reale Roberto Gandini 《Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases》2013,22(8):e323-e331