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Lutz N Arbogast KB Cornejo RA Winston FK Durbin DR Nance ML 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2003,38(6):919-923
Background
Both solid and hollow visceral abdominal injuries have been associated with the use of seat belts in children involved in motor vehicle crashes. The relationship between the types of restraint used and the pattern of abdominal injury is unknown.Methods
A probability sample of restrained children involved in crashes was enrolled in an ongoing crash surveillance system (1998 through 2002) linking insurance claims data to telephone survey and crash investigation data. Significant abdominal injuries were considered when the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score was ≥2 and were defined as hollow visceral (HV; intestine, bladder), or solid visceral (liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney). Restraint type was categorized as optimal restraint (OR) or suboptimal restraint (S-OR) based on the child’s age and size.Results
For the 33 months of review, interviews were obtained for 13,558 restrained children aged 0 to 15 years, of which, 56% were OR (n = 7,591) and 44% were S-OR (n = 5,967). A significant abdominal injury was recorded in 78 children. A hollow visceral injury was recorded in 38 (9 OR and 29 S-OR), and a solid visceral injury in 32 (18 OR and 14 S-OR). Both hollow and solid visceral injuries were present in 8 children (2 OR and 6 S-OR). Suboptimally restrained children had a higher risk for hollow visceral injury when compared with optimally restrained children (Odds Ratio, 4.14 [95% Confidence Interval 1.33 to 13.22, P < .01]).Conclusions
Among restrained children with intraabdominal injuries, those who were suboptimally restrained were 4 times more likely to have a hollow visceral than a solid visceral injury when compared with those who were optimally restrained. This suggests that the mechanism of injury for hollow viscus may be directly related to the improper positioning of the restraint. 相似文献74.
Nance MA Nuttall FQ Econs MJ Lyles KW Viles KD Vance JM Pericak-Vance MA Speer MC 《American journal of medical genetics》2000,92(5):303-307
Paget disease of the bone is a common skeletal disorder. Recently, a gene for Paget disease was localized to 18q with subsequent evidence for linkage heterogeneity. We report the identification and clinical characterization of a large pedigree of Paget disease and demonstrate that the Paget disease gene in this pedigree is not linked to the region on 18q, thus confirming linkage heterogeneity. 相似文献
75.
Ashley-Koch A Bonner ER Gaskell PC West SG Tim R Wolpert CM Jones R Farrell CD Nance M Svenson IK Marchuk DA Boustany RM Vance JM Scott WK Pericak-Vance MA 《Neurogenetics》2001,3(2):91-97
We evaluated seven families segregating pure, autosomal dominant familial spastic paraplegia (SPG) for linkage to four recently
identified SPG loci on chromosomes 2q (1), 8q (2), 12q (3), and 19q (4). These families were previously shown to be unlinked
to SPG loci on chromosomes 2p, 14q, and 15q. Two families demonstrated linkage to the new loci. One family (family 3) showed
significant evidence for linkage to chromosome 12q, peaking at D12S1691 (maximum lod=3.22). Haplotype analysis of family 3
did not identify any recombinants among affected individuals in the 12q candidate region. Family 5 yielded a peak lod score
of 2.02 at marker D19S868 and excluded linkage to other known SPG loci. Haplotype analysis of family 5 revealed several crossovers
in affected individuals, thereby potentially narrowing the SPG12 candidate region to a 5-cM region between markers D19S868 and D19S220. Three of the families definitively excluded all four
loci examined, providing evidence for further genetic heterogeneity of pure, autosomal dominant SPG. In conclusion, these
data confirm the presence of SPG10 (chromosome 12), potentially reduce the minimum candidate region for SPG12 (chromosome 19q), and suggest there is at least one additional autosomal dominant SPG locus.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
76.
Diet and cancer prevention: the fiber first diet 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Diet can play a major role in cancer prevention. The international
differences in cancer incidence are largely accounted for by lifestyle
practices that include nutrition, exercise, and alcohol and tobacco use.
About 50% of cancer incidence and 35% of cancer mortality in the U.S.,
represented by cancers of the breast, prostate, pancreas, ovary,
endometrium, and colon, are associated with Western dietary habits. Cancer
of the stomach, currently a major disease in the Far East, relates to
distinct, specific nutritional elements such as excessive salt intake. For
these cancers, information is available on possible initiating genotoxic
factors, promoting elements, and prophylactic agents. In general, the
typical diet in the United States contains low levels of the potent
carcinogenic agents, heterocyclic amines, formed during the cooking of
meats. It provides only about half the potent appropriate fiber intake and
is high in calories. About twice as many calories as would be desirable
come from fat, certain kinds of which enhance the development of cancers.
Other foods with functional properties, such as soy products and tea, can
be beneficial. To achieve reduction in risk of certain cancers, diet must
be optimized, primarily to reduce caloric intake and the fat component. The
latter should be 20% or less of total caloric intake and fiber should be
increased to 25- 35 g per day for adults. One approach to achieving these
goals is the Fiber First Diet, a diet designed around adequate fiber intake
from grains, especially cereals, vegetables, legumes, and fruits, which
thereby reduces both calorie and fat intake. Such dietary improvements will
not only reduce cancer and other chronic disease risks, but will contribute
to a healthy life to an advanced age. A corollary benefit is a lower cost
of medical care.
相似文献
77.
M V Kulkarni L F Drolshagen J J Kaye N E Green D D Burks R L Janco E P Nance 《Journal of computer assisted tomography》1986,10(3):445-449
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the knee was performed in 10 patients with hemophilia. The periarticular and subchondral abnormalities were classified according to the signal intensity from these regions on T1- and T2-weighted pulse sequences. Periarticular abnormalities were detected in 50% of the hemophiliac joints, and fibrous changes were noted in 57% of all the areas of subchondral abnormality. Magnetic resonance imaging identifies periarticular and subchondral abnormalities in patients with hemophilia and may help in monitoring the progress of the disease process. 相似文献
78.
Height, weight, and blood pressure measurements on identical and fraternal twins and their families were analyzed to assess the degree to which genetic effects may change with age. The blood pressure data were based on the total sample of 1,767 individuals, while height and weight were available on 1,640 individuals in 204 monozygotic twin kinships. The results of testing alternative hypotheses about developmental changes in gene expression indicate that different mechanisms may be operative for these traits. While there was no evidence that developmental effects are a significant source of the observed variation in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, there was strong evidence that genetically determined developmental changes are an important factor in the determination of body weight. Age-related changes in weight appeared to be best explained by the cumulative developmental effects of a single set of genes, rather than by the expression of new genes at different stages of development. 相似文献
79.
Soft-tissue calcification in chronic renal failure has been described, but little is understood about its pathogenesis or progression. Our patient's case is a dramatic example of complete resorption of soft-tissue juxta-articular calcification in secondary hyperparathyroidism after removal of parathyroid gland tissue. This resolution is most likely due to normalization of the calcium-phosphate ion product. 相似文献
80.