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31.
Nizal Sarrafzadegan Nafiseh Toghianifar Hamidreza Roohafza Zahradana Siadat Noushin Mohammadifard Jennifer O’Loughlin 《Journal of community health》2010,35(1):36-42
To identify lifestyle-related determinants of hookah and cigarette smoking in Iranian adults, a total of 12,514 men and women
aged ≥19 years in three counties in central Iran (Isfahan, Najafabad, Arak) were selected in multistage random sampling. Data
on socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle were collected in interviewer-administered questionnaires, as part of the
baseline survey of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. Unhealthy lifestyle-related factors independently associated with cigarette
and hookah smoking, were identified in sex-specific multivariate logistic regression analyses. High stress levels (OR: 1.55;
95% CI: 1.35–1.78 for men; OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.17–2.27 for women), family member smoking (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.27–4.92 for
men; OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 2.20–2.95 for women), and short/long sleep duration (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01–1.39 for men; OR: 1.52;
95% CI: 1.10–2.35 for women) were associated with cigarette smoking in both men and women. Poor diet was also related to cigarette
smoking in men (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.62–1.89). Family member smoking was associated with hookah smoking in both men (OR: 1.16;
95% CI: 1.05–3.12) and women (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.02–4.92), and in addition high stress levels (OR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.14–5.83)
and short/long sleep duration (OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02–2.41) were associated with hookah smoking in women. Unhealthy lifestyle-related
factors co-occur with cigarette and hookah smoking in Iranian adults, likely increasing the risk for chronic health problems.
Sex differences in the determinants of hookah and cigarette smoking may need to be taken into account in planning tobacco
control strategies. 相似文献
32.
Nafiseh Sadat Nabavi Masumeh Hosseini Nejad Shahab Feli Behnoosh Bakhshoodeh Pouran Layegh 《Indian journal of dermatology》2016,61(4):468-Aug;61(4):468
Xanthelasmoid or pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis is an extremely rare variant of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis. Herein, we describe an adult male with cutaneous mastocytosis showing multiple widespread yellowish ovoid papules like eruptive xanthoma. A 60-year-old male visited our outpatient clinic with a 1-year history of generalized yellowish, ovoid, and skin color papular eruption located on the trunk, groin, extremities, with the modest pruritus. Vital signs were stable, and Darier''s sign was negative. No other subjective and objective signs were detected during the examination. No abnormality was detected in his diagnostic laboratory tests. Skin biopsy was taken, and histopathologic examination revealed proliferation of mast cells with ovoid and spindle nuclei with distinct cytoplasm borders around the capillaries, which was compatible with mastocytosis. Antihistamine was prescribed for pruritus control which was successful, but eruptions were persistent, and even 1-year phototherapy was not useful. 相似文献
33.
Chams-Davatchi C Valikhani M Daneshpazhooh M Esmaili N Balighi K Hallaji Z Barzegari M Akhiani M Ghodsi Z Mortazavi H Naraghi Z 《International journal of dermatology》2005,44(6):470-476
BACKGROUND: Pemphigus is a rare and chronic life-threatening disease. The clinical picture varies in reports from different regions of the world. OBJECTIVE: To define the clinical forms of pemphigus in a large cohort of patients. METHODS: Prospective analysis of 1209 patients diagnosed and followed at the Pemphigus Research Unit, Tehran University for Medical Sciences, from 1984 to 2003. RESULTS: The mean age at onset was 42 years with a female to male ratio of 1.5/1. The most frequent form was pemphigus vulgaris. In pemphigus vulgaris, patients' mucous membrane involvement alone was observed in 18%, skin involvement alone in 12%, and both in 70%. Pemphigus foliaceus was observed in 7% of the patients. Most complications were iatrogenic. CONCLUSION: In Iran, pemphigus vulgaris is the most frequent form of pemphigus. Females are more prone to the disease. The incidence of pemphigus in Tehran is approximately 1.6 per 100,000/year, and in Iran 1.0 per 100,000/year. The age of onset was lower than classically reported. Death occurred in 6.2% of the patients. In pemphigus vulgaris, the mucosal and skin form together had a worse prognosis than the other clinical forms. 相似文献
34.
Ramin Heshmat Mostafa Qorbani Nafiseh Mozaffarian Shirin Djalalinia Ali Sheidaei Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh Saeid Safiri Kimia Gohari Asal Ataie-Jafari Gelayol Ardalan Hamid Asayesh Morteza Mansourian Roya Kelishadi 《World journal of pediatrics : WJP》2018,14(1):66-76
Background
This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequality and determinants of screen time (ST) frequency in Iranian children and adolescents.Methods
This nationwide study was conducted as part of a national school-based surveillance program among 36,486 students consisting of 50.79% boys and 74.23% urban inhabitants, aged 6–18 years, living in urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Socioeconomic inequality in ST, including the time spent for ST, watching TV and leisure-time working with computer, was assessed across quintiles of SES using concentration index (C) and slope index of inequality (SII).Results
Overall, 36,486 students completed the study (response rate 91.25%). Their mean (SD) age was 12.14 (3.36) years. The national estimation of frequency of ST was 31.66% (95% CI 31.16–32.17) with ascending change from 20.80% (95% CI 19.81–21.82) to 36.66% (95% CI 35.47–37.87) from the first to the last quintal of SES. Estimated C value at national level was positive (0.08), which indicate inequality was in favor of low SES groups. Considering the SII values, at national level [? 0.16 (? 0.39, 0.06)], the absolute difference in ST frequency between the bottom and top of the socioeconomic groups had descending trends. In multivariate logistic regression model, family history of obesity, generalized obesity and age were the main significant determinants of prolonged ST, watching TV, and computer working (P < 0.001).Conclusions
Socioeconomic inequality in ST frequency was in favor of low SES groups. These findings are useful for health policies, better programming and future complementary analyses.35.
Sharon R. Ternullo Amir Abdolahi Geoffrey C. Williams 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2017,57(1):77-81.e1
Objectives
Combination therapy for tobacco dependence is becoming a standard of care. We sought to compare benefits and adverse events for combination therapy versus monotherapy for smokers in The Smokers' Health Project.Methods
This secondary data analysis was derived from adult smokers (n = 198) who initially smoked 15 or more cigarettes per day and participated in The Smokers' Health Project. Participants were grouped as taking 1 medication or 2 concurrent medications for tobacco dependence for 1 year over the 2-year study period. Adverse events were compared between medication groups using chi-square tests. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for cessation at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months using logistic regression.Results
No differences were seen in the proportion of incident adverse events between the monotherapy (28.3%) and combination therapy (32.3%) groups (P = 0.54). At 6 months, the odds of quitting were less in the combination therapy group relative to those taking monotherapy (adjusted odds ratio = 0.47 [95% CI 0.24–0.93]). At 12, 18, and 24 months, the odds of quitting did not differ between therapy groups (P = 0.07, 0.33, 0.55, respectively).Conclusion
Monotherapy and combination therapy for smoking cessation are similarly effective up to 24 months, and they exhibit similar adverse event attributes. 相似文献36.
Nafiseh Damreihani Sareh Behzadipour Sezaneh Haghpanh 《Journal of psychosocial oncology》2018,36(3):382-388
The aim of this study was to promote emotional well-being, hope, life satisfaction, and meaning to mothers of children with cancer utilizing a positive psychology intervention. The study population included 50 mothers who had children with cancer attending an outpatient oncology clinic. The participants (experimental and control groups) completed Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Snyder's Hope Scale (HS), and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) before and after the intervention and also one month after the end of intervention. Variables of the study significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group. 相似文献
37.
Nafiseh Masoumi Katherine L. Johnson M. Christian Howell George C. Engelmayr 《Acta biomaterialia》2013,9(4):5974-5988
Tissue engineered replacement heart valves may be capable of overcoming the lack of growth potential intrinsic to current non-viable prosthetics, and thus could potentially serve as permanent replacements in the surgical repair of pediatric valvular lesions. However, the evaluation of candidate combinations of cells and scaffolds lacks a biomimetic in vitro model with broadly tunable, anisotropic and elastomeric structural–mechanical properties. Toward establishing such an in vitro model, in the current study, porcine aortic and pulmonary valvular interstitial cells (i.e. biomimetic cells) were cultivated on anisotropic, micromolded poly(glycerol sebacate) scaffolds (i.e. biomimetic scaffolds). Following 14 and 28 days of static culture, cell-seeded scaffolds and unseeded controls were assessed for their mechanical properties, and cell-seeded scaffolds were further characterized by confocal fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy, and by collagen and DNA assays. Poly(glycerol sebacate) micromolding yielded scaffolds with anisotropic stiffnesses resembling those of native valvular tissues in the low stress–strain ranges characteristic of physiologic valvular function. Scaffold anisotropy was largely retained upon cultivation with valvular interstitial cells; while the mechanical properties of unseeded scaffolds progressively diminished, cell-seeded scaffolds either retained or exceeded initial mechanical properties. Retention of mechanical properties in cell-seeded scaffolds paralleled the accretion of collagen, which increased significantly from 14 to 28 days. This study demonstrates that valvular interstitial cells can be cultivated on anisotropic poly(glycerol sebacate) scaffolds to yield biomimetic in vitro models with which clinically relevant cells and future scaffold designs can be evaluated. 相似文献
38.
Hamidreza Roohafza Masoumeh Sadeghi Nizal Sarraf‐Zadegan Abdolmehdi Baghaei Roya Kelishadi Masoud Mahvash MSc Firoozeh Sajjadi BS Nafiseh Toghianifar Mohammad Talaei 《Stress and health》2007,23(1):23-29
Objective: To describe and evaluate the relationship between stress and other lifestyle behaviors. Methods: A cross‐sectional study within the context of an Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). Demographic details (age, gender, marital status and educational level) and lifestyle variables including diet (fruit and vegetable consumption), smoking status, daily physical activity and psychological distress were recorded. Data were analyzed by t‐test, χ2 and logistic regression. Setting: Central Iranian country of Isfahan, Najaf‐Abad and Arak. Participants: Five thousand and eight hundred and ninety‐two adults over 19 years of age. Results: Mean age of all participants was 40.5 (15.4) years and 36 per cent of them had high stress levels. High stress levels were negatively associated with fruit and vegetable consumption, non‐smoking and marriage. Conversely, the female gender and less than 6 years of education were positively associated with stress levels. Physical activity was not found to be associated with stress. Conclusion: This study demonstrated an association between high stress levels and other unhealthy lifestyle factors. Hence, special attention must be paid to intervention programs aimed at modifying lifestyle and providing education on stress management techniques. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
39.
The design of low-cost and high-efficiency sensitizers is one of the most important factors in the expansion of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To obtain effective sensitizer dyes for applications in dye-sensitized solar cells, a series of metal-free organic dyes with the D–π–A–A arrangement and with different donor and acceptor groups have been designed by using computational methodologies based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). We have designed JK-POZ(1–3) and JK-PTZ(1–3) D–π–A–A organic dyes by modifying the donor and π-linker units of the JK-201 reference dye. Computational calculations of the structural, photochemical properties and electrochemical properties, as well as the key parameters related to the short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage, including light-harvesting efficiency (LHE), singlet excited state lifetime (τ), reorganization energies (λtotal), electronic injection-free energy (ΔGinject) and regeneration driving forces (ΔGreg) of dyes were calculated and analyzed. Moreover, charge transfer parameters, such as the amount of charge transfer (qCT), the charge transfer distance (DCT), and dipole moment changes (μCT), were investigated. The results show that ΔGreg, λmax, λtotal and τ of JK-POZ-3 and JK-PTZ-3 dyes are superior to those of JK-201, indicating that novel JK-POZ-3 and JK-PTZ-3 dyes could be promising candidates for improving the efficiency of the DSSCs devices.A series of metal-free organic dyes with the D–π–A–A arrangement and with different donor and acceptor groups have been designed theoretically. 相似文献
40.
Shahryar Semnani Gholamreza Roshandel Nafiseh Abdolahi Sima Besharat Abbas-Ali Keshtkar Hamidreza Joshaghani Abdolvahab Moradi Khodaberdi Kalavi Ali Jabbari Mohammad Javad Kabir Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Seyed Mehdi Sedaqat Ahmad Danesh Danyal Roshandel 《The Turkish journal of gastroenterology》2007,18(1):20-21
Background/aims: As hepatitis B and C virus have the same transmission routes, dual infection may occur. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HCV in HBsAg-positive subjects. Methods: 139 HBsAg-positive subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum samples were tested using ELISA method for anti-HCV antibodies. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the proportions. Results: There were 68 (48.9%) males and 71 (51.1%) females. The mean age was 41.89+/-11.30 years. One case was excluded because of inadequate blood sampling. Anti-HCV antibody was positive in 17 (12.3%) of the 138 remaining subjects. Seropositivity of HCV was similar between female and male patients (p=0.69). Conclusion: The seroprevalence of co-infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in our study was higher than such reports from some countries (Italy), but was in line with worldwide prevalence (>10%). 相似文献