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Derivation and Validation of a Clostridium difficile Infection Recurrence Prediction Rule in a National Cohort of Veterans 
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Lisa I. Iezzoni Amy J. Wint Alexy Arauz Boudreau Cheri A. Blauwet Karen A. Kuhlthau 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(3):405-411
Background
Few U.S. studies have explored how children experience a parent's mobility disability and its effects on their daily lives.Objective
We aimed to engage youth ages 13–17 who had at least one parent with mobility disability in describing their perceptions of their parent's disability and its consequences for their daily and family life.Methods
Participants videoed and photographed their experiences following general guidelines from the researchers about topics of interest. Participants made their own choices about what they submitted. We used conventional content analysis to identify broad themes.Results
The mean (standard deviation) age of the 10 participants was 15.2 (1.9) years; 5 were male; 9 participants were white. All 5 girls submitted multiple self-focused (selfie) videos made in their bedrooms; the 5 boys submitted more diverse data files. Several broad themes or topics emerged including: the effects of timing and trajectory of the parent's disability; perceptions of early maturity and responsibility; fears and frustrations relating to the parent's disability; support and emerging resilience; and sense of social justice. Participants generally felt their parents' disability made them become – compared to their peers – more mature, responsible, capable of performing household tasks, and aware of disability civil rights.Conclusions
Participants raised many issues that health care providers should be aware of when youth have parents with mobility disability. A parent's mobility disability may be associated with resilience but also may pose challenges for youth. More research is needed to understand better adolescents' experiences and how clinicians might best assist these youth. 相似文献108.
Javariya Aamir Syed Mustafa Ali Maged N. Kamel Boulos Naveed Anjum Muhammad Ishaq 《Health Policy and Technology》2018,7(1):88-97
Objective
The objective of this review is to identify enabling and inhibiting factors for mHealth adoption in low resource settings, by giving emphasis on the stakeholders representing the caregiving side. Another objective of this study is to support implementation agencies (governmental and non-governmental) in designing scalable mHealth interventions.Methods
A PEO (Population, Exposure, Outcome) approach was used to formulate the review question. A pre-defined search strategy was implemented; Google Scholar, PubMed and gray literature were searched using alternate terms for “mHealth”, “adoption” and “developing countries”. CASP [7] tools were used to assess the quality of selected evidence. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria on search results and critical appraisal of the selected evidence, twelve studies were selected for the review.Results
Adoption factors operated at the levels of organization, facility-based service provider and frontline health worker. Engagement of end users during design phase, informed clinical decision making, utilization of mHealth evidence, employers’ tolerance of some personal use of devices, automation of tasks and user-friendliness of application are key enabling factors for mHealth adoption in developing countries. On the contrary, absence of national policy on mHealth, poor knowledge base on mHealth, using two systems in parallel, duplication of efforts, poor Internet connectivity and shortage of electricity are important inhibiting factors for mHealth adoption.Conclusions
The review provides an insight about the challenges and opportunities related to mHealth adoption in developing countries. Implementation agencies should give careful consideration to these factors before designing and deploying any mHealth-enabled intervention. It is also important to understand the concept of incremental innovation so that resources spent on pilot interventions are optimized and full potential is achieved. 相似文献109.
Lisa Daniels Rachael W. Taylor Sheila M. Williams Rosalind S. Gibson Samir Samman Benjamin J. Wheeler Barry J. Taylor Elizabeth A. Fleming Nicola K. Hartley Anne-Louise M. Heath 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(6):1006-1016.e1
Background
Little is known about zinc intakes and status during complementary feeding. This is particularly true for baby-led approaches, which encourage infants to feed themselves from the start of complementary feeding, although self-feeding may restrict the intake of zinc-rich foods.Objective
To determine the zinc intakes, sources, and biochemical zinc status of infants following Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS), a modified version of Baby-Led Weaning (BLW), compared with traditional spoon-feeding.Design
Secondary analysis of the BLISS randomized controlled trial.Participants/setting
Between 2012 and 2014, 206 community-based participants from Dunedin, New Zealand were randomized to a Control or BLISS group.Intervention
BLISS participants received eight study visits (antenatal to 9 months) providing education and support regarding BLISS (ie, infant self-feeding from 6 months with modifications to address concerns about iron, choking, and growth).Main outcome measures
Dietary zinc intakes at 7 and 12 months (weighed 3-day diet records) and zinc status at 12 months (plasma zinc concentration).Statistical analyses performed
Regression analyses were used to investigate differences in dietary intakes and zinc status by group, adjusted for maternal education and parity and infant age and sex.Results
There were no significant differences in zinc intakes between BLISS and Control infants at 7 (median: 3.5 vs 3.5 mg/day; P=0.42) or 12 (4.4 vs 4.4 mg/day; P=0.86) months. Complementary food groups contributing the most zinc at 7 months were “vegetables” for Control infants, and “breads and cereals” for BLISS infants, then “dairy” for both groups at 12 months. There was no significant difference in mean±standard deviation plasma zinc concentration between the Control (62.8±9.8 μg/dL [9.6±1.5 μmol/L]) and BLISS (62.8±10.5 μg/dL [9.6±1.6 μmol/L]) groups (P=0.75).Conclusions
BLISS infants achieved similar zinc intake and status to Control infants. However, the BLISS intervention was modified to increase iron intake, which may have improved zinc intake, so these results should not be generalized to infants following unmodified BLW. 相似文献110.
Lindsey Haynes-Maslow Lauri Andress Stephanie Jilcott Pitts Isabel Osborne Barbara Baquero Lisa Bailey-Davis Carmen Byker-Shanks Bailey Houghtaling Jane Kolodinsky Brian K. Lo Emily H. Morgan Emily Piltch Elaine Prewitt Rebecca A. Seguin Alice S. Ammerman 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(9):1664-1672