Identification, chromosomal mapping and tissue-specific expression of hREV3 encoding a putative human DNA polymerase zeta

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae REV3 gene encodes the catalytic subunit of a non-essential DNA polymerase zeta, which is required for mutagenesis. The rev3 mutants significantly reduce both spontaneous and DNA damage- induced mutation rates. We have identified human cDNA clones from two different libraries whose deduced amino acid sequences bear remarkable homology to the yeast Rev3, and named this gene hREV3. The hREV3 gene was mapped to chromosome 1p32-33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The hREV3 encodes an mRNA of >10 kb, and its expression varies in different tissues and appears to be elevated in some but not all of the tumor cell lines we have examined. In light of recent reports of a putative mouse REV3, these results indicate that mammalian cells may also contain a mutagenic pathway which aids in cell survival at the cost of increased mutation.      

示指双血管蒂岛状皮瓣急诊拇指再造1例

０　引言　拇指外伤后的急诊修复十分重要,以往各种方法各有其优缺点,我们介绍一种新的尝试．１　病例报告　患者男性,４２岁,左拇指机器绞伤２ｈ就诊．查体：全身情况好,左拇指近节中段以远皮肤软组织大部分撕脱,只有背部约１ｃｍ皮肤相连,但已受挤压,远端无充血...     

反相离子对-高效液相色谱法测定河豚毒素

目的建立了反相离子对-高效液相色谱法测定河豚毒素含量的方法。方法选用SHIMADZUODS色谱柱(150×6mm5μm),以0．2％(v／v)醋酸液为流动相,流速为1．2mL／min,检测波长为230nm。结果河豚毒素线性范围20～100μg／mL,r=0．9960(n=5);回收率为93．32％,RSD=5．41％(n=5);日内精密度为6．10％,日间精密度为7．42％(n=5)最低检测限50ng。结论方法准确、快速、简便,可作为迅速确定河豚毒素含量的测定方法。     

Bacterial joint infections in England and Wales: analysis of bacterial isolates over a four year period

Data from 1158 cases of septic arthritis reported to the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) Communicable Disease Control Centre (CDSC) from England and Wales over a 4 yr period (January 1990 December 1993) are presented. Reports where a bacterial organism was isolated from synovial fluid, or where an organism was isolated from blood cultures where a diagnosis of septic arthritis was reported, were examined. Reports of infection were more common in children (12.7% of infections were in the under 10 age group) and the elderly (54.7% aged 60 or over), and were higher in males in all age groups except in the elderly. The most common causative organisms remain staphylococcal and streptococcal species, comprising 40.6% (470) and 28% (324) of cases, respectively. The most common streptococci seen were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Lancefield group A beta-haemolytic Streptococcus organisms, 60.8% (197/324), although group B, C and G organisms accounted for 33.6% of streptococcal isolates (109/324). Haemophilus influenzae septic arthritis is not exclusive to children as 23.2% (16- 69) of cases occurred over the age of 15. A total of 48% (635) of isolates were identified from both synovial fluid and blood cultures, 32.6% (378) from joint fluid alone and 12.5% (146) from blood cultures. Although this study excludes cases of septic arthritis where no organism was isolated, it presents important bacteriological information from a large number of isolates from England and Wales over a 4 yr period. Risk factors identified include a joint prosthesis, joint disease/connective tissue disorder. immunosuppression and diabetes.      

Variability in Delivery of Care and Echocardiogram Surveillance of Kawasaki Disease

Objective. The objective of this study is to characterize variability in the acute management of Kawasaki disease and compliance of echocardiogram surveillance with published American Heart Association recommendations. Design. Retrospective review. Setting. Tertiary care children's hospital. Patients. All patients discharged from our institution with Kawasaki Disease between 1999 and 2007 were identified. Patients meeting any of the following were excluded: presence of a comorbidity that necessitated echocardiogram follow‐up independent of Kawasaki disease diagnosis, previous history of Kawasaki disease, or magnetic resonance imaging of the coronary arteries performed in place of echocardiography. Preexisting or comorbid conditions resulting in study exclusion included structural heart disease, arrhythmia, and concomitant severe multiorgan disease at presentation (e.g., sepsis). Outcome Measures. The time course of echocardiogram surveillance among those with a normal echocardiogram at diagnosis was evaluated for compliance with published American Heart Association recommendations. Coronary artery involvement at presentation was characterized using standardized values. Additional characterization of national care practices for children with Kawasaki disease was obtained via distribution of an internet‐based survey to pediatric hospitalists. Results. Overall, only 11 (4%) of 302 patients with a normal study at diagnosis received a total of three studies at recommended intervals. Using standardized values for coronary artery dimensions in place of Japanese Ministry of Health aneurysm criteria, 59 (13%) of patients with Kawasaki disease experienced coronary artery involvement at diagnosis. The majority of the early coronary artery abnormalities detected in these patients using standardized definitions persisted on short‐term follow‐up. Pediatric hospitalist survey results revealed significant interinstitutional variability in the management of these patients. Conclusions. Lack of optimal surveillance after a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease may result in the underdiagnosis of coronary artery pathology or other complications. Considerable variability in surveillance and acute management exists, and additional research is needed to determine optimal screening and care delivery models for this population.     

Precision of genotyping of Epstein-Barr virus by polymerase chain reaction using three gene loci (EBNA-2, EBNA-3C, and EBER): predominance of type A virus associated with Hodgkin's disease [published erratum appears in Blood 1993 Oct 1;82(7):2268]

To precisely determine the genotype of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Hodgkin's disease (HD), we simultaneously analyzed three divergent gene loci (EBNA-2, EBNA-3C, and EBER) that distinguish type A and B viruses. The primers designed to amplify these three gene loci encompass either type-specific deletion sequences (EBNA-2 and EBNA-3C) or type-specific point mutations (EBER) that identify the virus strain based on the sizes of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products or the mobility shifts in single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. The locations of point mutations were identified by direct sequencing of the PCR-amplified DNA. We analyzed 15 EBV-infected cell lines and found a good correlation between EBNA-2 and EBNA-3C typing results. In contrast, approximately 33% of the cell lines analyzed maintained type A sequences in EBNA-2 and EBNA-3C genes while carrying type B sequences in the EBER region. Data obtained from analysis of cell lines served as a reference for studying HD samples. EBV DNA was detected in about 70% of HD. Among the EBV-positive samples, 56% were associated with type A virus, 13% with type B, and 31% with dual viral sequences. Thus, type A virus is predominant in HD. Based on the histology, the frequencies of EBV positivity were 83%, 71%, and 33% for mixed cellularity, nodular sclerosis, and lymphocyte predominance, respectively. The detection of high frequency of both type A and B sequences in HD may provide a lead in investigating the role of dual viral infection in EBV pathogenesis.