Reference ranges for bone densitometers adopted Australia‐wide: Geelong osteoporosis study

Bone densitometry reports a measure of fracture risk in comparison with young adults (T‐scores) and age‐matched peers (Z‐scores). To date, each manufacturer has provided its own reference range resulting in lack of uniformity. The Australia and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society and Osteoporosis Australia have recognized the need to standardize the reference range and have recommended that data generated by the Geelong Osteoporosis Study (GOS) be used Australia‐wide. The GOS recruited a random, population‐based sample of adult women and measured bone mineral density (BMD) at the proximal femur and spine using a Lunar DPX‐L. These data were used to establish reference ranges for Lunar machines and, using conversion equations, for Norland and Hologic machines. The new standardized Australian reference ranges for BMD will enable consistent diagnosis of osteoporosis and categorization of fracture risk across different types of densitometers.     

酪氨酸相关肽的合成及抗孕酮生成活性

利用固相法合成了二十个含羟基氨基酸的小肽。其中,以0.5mol·L^-1二甲二氯硅烷/1.5mol·L^-1苯酚/DCM*为脱除Boc试剂,以TFMSA为切除树脂试剂。经C-18反相柱纯化后,全部产物均通过氨基酸分析要求。体外黄体细胞分泌孕酮实验表明有八个肽化物GlyTyrAlaLys,(SarSer)₂Lys及其申酯,TyrLys,HisTyr-NH₂,ThrProTyrLys-NH₂,TyrThrProArgLys,AspHisProThr-PheLys显示较强的抑制hCG致孕酮分泌的活性,而且前三个肽还能显著抑制基础孕酮的分泌,相反,GlySerTyr能刺激基础孕酮的分泌。目前尚未建立合理的结构一活性关系。     

抑制素βa亚基片段的合成及活性的初步测定

以固相多肽合成方法合成了抑制素β_a亚基的六个片段:Ⅰb-βA(37～39)-NH₂(Ⅰ),Ⅰb-βA(34～39)-NH₂(Ⅱ),Ⅰb-β_A(30～39)-NH₂(Ⅲ),Ⅰb-β_A(23～39)-NH₂(Ⅳ),Ⅰb-β_A(16～39)-NH₂(Ⅴ)和Ⅰb-β_A(14-39)-NH₂(Ⅵ),对产物进行了分离纯化。用垂体细胞培养方法对其中Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ进行生物活性测定,表明它们不能抑制由LHRH诱导的FSH分泌,Ⅳ,Ⅴ和Ⅵ三个太肽片段由于难溶于中性介质,需要寻求其它方法对其进行生物活性测定。     

再生障碍性贫血患者造血细胞因子的研究

0 引言再生障碍性贫血（aplastic anemia, AA）是由多种病因引起的骨髓造血功能衰竭，对人类健康有极大的危害性. 其发病机制尚未完全阐明，目前认为与细胞免疫功能紊乱密切相关［1-3］. 我们对50例AA患者血清进行了IL-8, IL-6, IFN-α和TNF-α系列检测，探讨其在AA发病中的意义.     

Unplanned smoking initiation: new insights and implications for interventions

Despite intensive efforts, most smoking prevention interventions have had disappointing results. In the present paper, the assumption underlying these efforts that smoking initiation is the result of a rational decision or plan, is questioned. The process of adolescent smoking initiation is described, based on a recently conducted series of studies. It is argued that smoking initiation among adolescents is unplanned behaviour. Therefore, interventions regarding smoking initiation should not only include a focus on smoking-specific cognitions. Models that incorporate both conscious and unconscious processes need to be used in mapping smoking prevention efforts. Further, programmes that help adolescents to quit smoking need more attention. Finally, it is argued that smoking prevention interventions should aim at influencing the image of nonsmoking by using mass media interventions and restrictive policies.     

HPLC测定鼻炎糖浆中黄芩苷的含量

目的建立测定鼻炎糖浆中黄芩苷的HPLC测定方法。方法黄芩苷测定以KYWG-C18为固定相,甲醇-水-磷酸(47∶53∶0.2)为流动相,UV检测波长为278nm。结果黄芩苷在0.06～0.01mg/ml浓度范围内与峰面积呈直线关系。回归方程为Y=-1.46×104+1.98×104X,r=0.9996,平均回收率为102.91%,日内和日间RSD均低于5%。结论本法测定鼻炎糖浆中黄芩苷的含量简便、准确、快捷,可用于鼻炎糖浆的质量控制。     

Is there a suburban sleeping sickness in Libreville?

Background

The transmission of sleeping sickness occurs primarily in rural areas, and exposed populations are those living from rural activities such as agriculture, fishing, animal husbandry or hunting. However, urban and suburban foci are more and more reported in T. b. gambiense areas. In Libreville town, sleeping sickness cases are regularly diagnosed. In order to investigate about the establishment of a transmission cycle of that disease, we have carried out an entomological survey in two quarters in the vicinity of the town.

Methods

Vavoua traps were set out in all suitable biotopes for tsetse flies during four days and examined twice a day. Flies were collected, identified and dissected.

Results

Two species of Glossina were caught: G. palpalis palpalis (90.58%) and G. caliginea (9.42%). A total infection rate of 9.37% was observed after dissection of all non-teneral flies captured.

Conclusion

These results suggest the establishment of a trypanosomiasis transmission cycle in the area. No salivary gland was found infected. Given that infected persons are regularly detected, we can think about the existence of a suburban sleeping sickness focus in Libreville. More analysis is needed concerning the identification of human trypanosomes and the origin of Glossina blood meals that may confirm the existence of that focus.