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51.
Marita Laurila Teuvo L.J. Tammela Anssi Auvinen Jorma Isola Tapio Visakorpi Tiina Luukkaala Liisa Määttänen Mirja Ruutu Martti Ala‐Opas Markus Mildh Paula Martikainen 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2009,124(3):547-552
Prostate cancer aggressiveness was evaluated based on pathologic characterization of cases detected in the Finnish prostate cancer screening trial. The trial population consists of 80,458 men aged 55–67 years. A total of 32,000 men were randomized to the screening arm. The remaining 48,000 men formed the control arm. The interval cases and cancers among nonparticipants and in the control arm were identified from the Finnish Cancer Registry. Random samples were selected from screen‐detected cases (126 of 543 in the first and 133 of 508 in the second round) and control arm cancers (133 out of 863), in addition to all 92 interval cancers and 106 cases among nonparticipants. All the biopsies were regraded according to the Gleason system. The expression of the proliferation antigen Ki‐67 was determined in 479 cases (72%). More than half of the tumors diagnosed in the first round of screening were high‐grade cancers (Gleason 7 or higher). In the second round, the proportion of low‐grade cancers increased from 47% to 70%. Cancers in the screening arm were more commonly focal and fewer bilateral cancers were detected. The cancers among nonparticipants were the most aggressive group. The aggressiveness of the interval cancers was between the cancers detected in the first and the second round. Our results indicate that prostate cancers detected through screening are less biologically aggressive. This was most notable after the first screening round. Nonparticipants had more aggressive cancers. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
52.
Antigenic regions of poliovirus type 3/Sabin capsid proteins recognized by human sera in the peptide scanning technique. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
We used the peptide scanning technique to identify regions of poliovirus type 3/Sabin capsid proteins that bind antibodies from human immune sera. Several reactive regions were seen in VP1, VP2, and VP3 while peptides resembling VP4 did not bind antibodies. Peptides derived from sequences of the previously known antigenic sites 1 and 3 were recognized to a moderate degree. Peptides imitating the four loops in the closed ends of the beta barrels or the alpha helical CD insertions of VP1, VP2 or VP3, whether exposed in the crystal structure or not, all represented major reactivity in the scans. In VP1 several additional reactive regions were found in the amino terminal quarter of the protein, which is buried in the crystal structure, and in a partially exposed region close to but separated from the carboxy terminus. In VP2 the nonexposed peak activities clustered in a bridge-like structure spanning from the outer to the inner surface of the capsid shell. Likewise, most of the novel antigenic regions of VP3 clustered in an internal location and partially composed of beta sheets with a conserved amino acid sequence. Whether any of the novel antigenic sites is capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies is not known. 相似文献
53.
Jorma Järvisalo Maritta Olkinuoral Mirja Kiilunen Helena Kivistö Pentti Ristola Antti Tossavainen Antero Aitio 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1992,63(7):495-501
Summary To obtain reference values for blood and serum manganese levels, blood specimens were collected from 29 men and 36 women. Mn in blood showed a normal distribution; its upper 97.5% limit in blood was 0.38 mol/l. Mn in serum showed a skewed distribution, which did not differ from the normal one after logarithmic transformation. The respective reference limit was 19 nmol/l. In both specimens, the levels of Mn were significantly lower in men than in women. To obtain reference values for Mn in urine, midday urine specimens were collected from 58 men and 96 women. Mn in urine also showed a skewed distribution, and the upper 97.5% limit was 38 nmol/l. The levels of Mn in blood and urine were statistically significantly higher in manual metal arc (MMA) welders of mild steel (MS) than in the reference populations. Five MMA/MS welders were subjected to a further study in which the ambient intramask Mn levels and urinary Mn excretion were monitored throughout a full working week. For two welders the correlation of Mn in urine specimens voided in the afternoon was good with the before noon Mn concentrations in the hygienic measurements; for the rest the correlation was minimal. Mn in diurnal urine specimens collected in six portions showed fluctuation if specific gravity or creatinine in urine was used to standardize for the urinary flow, but it was less evident for urinary Mn excretion rate. Our results seem to indicate that the measurement of Mn in urine or blood may be used for monitoring Mn exposure in MMA/MS welders only at the group level.These results were presented in part at the 2nd COMTOX meeting, held in Montreal in 1983 相似文献
54.
Mirja Wallner-Blazek Alex Rovira Massimo Fillipp Mara A. Rocca David H. Miller Klaus Schmierer Jette Frederiksen Achim Gass Hugo Gama Charles P. Tilbery Antonio J. Rocha José Flores Frederik Barkhof Alexandra Seewann Jacqueline Palace Tarek Yousry Xavier Montalban Christian Enzinger Franz Fazekas 《Journal of neurology》2013,260(8):2016-2022
Atypical lesions of a presumably idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating origin present quite variably and may pose diagnostic problems. The subsequent clinical course is also uncertain. We, therefore, wanted to clarify if atypical idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating lesions (AIIDLs) can be classified according to previously suggested radiologic characteristics and how this classification relates to prognosis. Searching the databases of eight tertiary referral centres we identified 90 adult patients (61 women, 29 men; mean age 34 years) with ≥1 AIIDL. We collected their demographic, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging data and obtained follow-up (FU) information on 77 of these patients over a mean duration of 4 years. The AIIDLs presented as a single lesion in 72 (80 %) patients and exhibited an infiltrative (n = 35), megacystic (n = 16), Baló (n = 10) or ring-like (n = 16) lesion appearance in 77 (86 %) patients. Additional multiple sclerosis (MS)-typical lesions existed in 48 (53 %) patients. During FU, a further clinical attack occurred rarely (23–35 % of patients) except for patients with ring-like AIIDLs (62 %). Further attacks were also significantly more often in patients with coexisting MS-typical lesions (41 vs. 10 %, p < 0.005). New AIIDLs developed in six (7 %), and new MS-typical lesions in 29 (42 %) patients. Our findings confirm the previously reported subtypes of AIIDLs. Most types confer a relatively low risk of further clinical attacks, except for ring-like lesions and the combination with MS-typical lesions. 相似文献
55.
Clinical Epileptology - Ziel der resektiven Epilepsiechirurgie ist Anfallsfreiheit, die „number needed to treat“ beträgt 2. Die Resektion führt – im Vergleich... 相似文献
56.
Andreas Recke Cassian Sitaru Gestur Vidarsson Mirja Evensen Mircea T. Chiriac Ralf J. Ludwig Detlef Zillikens 《Journal of autoimmunity》2010,34(4):435-444
In different autoimmune diseases, tissue damage is mediated by the Fc portion of autoantibodies. These include autoimmunity to type VII collagen, a major hemidesmosomal skin constituent, where autoantibodies activate both complement and leukocytes, leading to separation within the dermal–epidermal junction. Fc-dependent effector functions differ among IgG subclasses. To elucidate the still controversial role of IgG subclasses in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity to type VII collagen, we generated a unique set of V gene-matched recombinant chimeric anti-type VII collagen autoantibodies of the four human IgG subclasses. Binding specificities and avidities of all four autoantibodies were comparable. Using ex vivo models, our results demonstrate that a monoclonal autoantibody is sufficient to activate complement and to induce dermal–epidermal separation. However, only IgG1 and IgG3, but not IgG2 and IgG4 against type VII collagen, were pathogenic in our ex vivo model systems. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a full-length recombinant disease-related human autoantibody has been investigated. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of recombinant antibody technology to dissect the contribution of F(ab′)2 and Fc portions of autoantibodies to their biological effects. These findings may eventually contribute to novel diagnostic tools for monitoring disease and to the development of more specific therapies in autoantibody-mediated diseases, i.e. the generation of subclass-specific adsorbers, used for extracorporal immunoapheresis, or the shifting of the autoimmune response to production of non-pathogenic autoantibodies. 相似文献
57.
Beeson JG Elliott SR Hommel M 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2008,197(9):1350-1; author reply 1351-2
58.
Cell-to-cell contact of human monocytes with infected arterial smooth-muscle cells enhances growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Puolakkainen M Campbell LA Lin TM Richards T Patton DL Kuo CC 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2003,187(3):435-440
Chlamydia pneumoniae can infect arterial cells. It has been shown that coculture of human monocytes (U937) and endothelial cells promotes infection of C. pneumoniae in endothelial cells and that the enhancement was mediated by a soluble factor (insulin-like growth factor 2) secreted by monocytes. In this study, it is shown that coculture of monocytes with C. pneumoniae enhances infection of C. pneumoniae in arterial smooth-muscle cells 5.3-fold at a monocyte-to-smooth-muscle cell ratio of 5. However, unlike endothelial cells, no enhancement was observed if monocytes were placed in cell culture inserts or if conditioned medium from monocyte cultures was used, which suggests that cell-to-cell contact is critical. The addition of mannose 6-phosphate or octyl glucoside, a nonionic detergent containing a sugar group, to cocultures inhibited the enhancement. These findings suggest that the monocyte-smooth-muscle cell interaction may be mediated by mannose 6-phosphate receptors present on monocytes. 相似文献
59.
Katharine D Barnard Michael Bromba Mirja de Lange Marine Halbron Brian L. Levy Marc Lévy Bernhard Lippmann-Grob Kieran Walshe Ralph Ziegler 《Journal of diabetes science and technology》2015,9(2):231-236