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91.
Mulligan A Anney RJ O'Regan M Chen W Butler L Fitzgerald M Buitelaar J Steinhausen HC Rothenberger A Minderaa R Nijmeijer J Hoekstra PJ Oades RD Roeyers H Buschgens C Christiansen H Franke B Gabriels I Hartman C Kuntsi J Marco R Meidad S Mueller U Psychogiou L Rommelse N Thompson M Uebel H Banaschewski T Ebstein R Eisenberg J Manor I Miranda A Mulas F Sergeant J Sonuga-Barke E Asherson P Faraone SV Gill M 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2009,39(2):210-211
It is hypothesised that autism symptoms are present in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), are familial and index
subtypes of ADHD. Autism symptoms were compared in 821 ADHD probands, 1050 siblings and 149 controls. Shared familiality of
autism symptoms and ADHD was calculated using DeFries-Fulker analysis. Autism symptoms were higher in probands than siblings
or controls, and higher in male siblings than male controls. Autism symptoms were familial, partly shared with familiality
of ADHD in males. Latent class analysis using SCQ-score yielded five classes; Class 1(31%) had few autism symptoms and low
comorbidity; Classes 2–4 were intermediate; Class 5(7%) had high autism symptoms and comorbidity. Thus autism symptoms in
ADHD represent a familial trait associated with increased neurodevelopmental and oppositional/conduct disorders.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
92.
93.
94.
Radiation exposure of patients who undergo CT of the trunk 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
95.
GS Chopra RM Gupta SR Gedela PP Varma R Rai SK Nema 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2005,61(3):241-244
Background
170 million people are infected with the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) around the world. Approximately 50%-70% patients infected with HCV develop chronic liver disease. Haemodialysis patients constitute an especially important group with high HCV prevalence. Outbreaks of HCV infection in dialysis units have been documented. Detection of anti-HCV antibodies is a convenient and conventional mode of documentation. However, in this group, it has it''s own caveats.Methods
48 patients who had undergone or were on haemodialysis (HD) and had undergone a minimum of 15 dialysis sittings were studied. HCV infection was documented both by anti-HCV antibody detection and HCV RNA testing. A comparative evaluation of results by both tests was done.Results
Out of a total of 48 patients, HCV RNA was detected in 38 (79.16%) and anti-HCV antibodies in 13(27.07%). Out of 48 patients 10(20.83%) were negative for both parameters. 22.91% (11/48) of patients were positive for both HCV RNA and anti-HCV antibody. 56.25% (27/48) were HCV RNA positive but anti-HCV antibodies were not detectable in their sera. 2 patients (04.16%) had a positive anti-HCV antibody status despite HCV RNA being negative. In 20.83% (10/48) both parameters were undetectable.Conclusion
Chronic liver disease (CLD), particularly due to HCV infection, is a major complication amongst haemodialysis (HD) patients. Without reliable assays for antigenemia and the inability of antibody tests to define viremia in all cases, the detection of viral nucleic acid is necessary for diagnosis of active HCV infection.Key Words: Hepatitis C virus, Haemodialysis 相似文献96.
Mercier S Breuillé D Mosoni L Obled C Patureau Mirand P 《The Journal of nutrition》2002,132(7):1921-1928
Despite the prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases in developed countries, few studies have considered the metabolic alterations observed in these disorders. To determine which perturbations in protein metabolism occur during chronic inflammation, and the consequences they have on nutritional requirements, a model of ulcerative colitis was adapted for use in adult rats. Adult Sprague-Dawley male rats (9 mo old) received dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in their drinking water at 50 g/L for 9 d, then at 20 g/L for 18 d. A group of control rats, matched for age and weight, was pair-fed to the treated rats. DSS induced body weight loss and chronic inflammation characterized by an increase of spleen, liver, ileum and colon weights, of blood leukocytes and acute-phase protein levels. The main inflammatory site was the colon, which presented characteristic histological alterations and increased myeloperoxydase activity. Inflammation was accompanied by oxidative stress, characterized by increased plasma protein carbonyl content and increased liver glutathione concentration, but decreased glutathione concentration in muscle. This DSS-induced colitis led to a stimulation of protein synthesis in spleen (+223%), ileum (+40%) and colon (+63%). By contrast, protein synthesis in muscle slowed down (-23%). In conclusion, like acute inflammation, chronic inflammation induced a stimulation of protein metabolism in several splanchnic organs. In muscle, both protein synthesis and degradation were reduced. Taken together, these data are consistent with inadequate amino acid supply to meet the increased requirement resulting from chronic inflammation. 相似文献
97.
Methyl-hydroxylated metabolites of the potent carcinogen, 7,12-
dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), namely, 7-hydroxymethyl-12-
methylbenz[a]anthracene (7-OH-DMBA), 7-methyl-12-
hydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene (12-OH-DMBA) and 7,12-
dihydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene (7,12-diOH-DMBA), were examined as
substrates for sulfotransferase bioactivation in different human tissue
cytosols. Hepatic cytosols, which were able to catalyze the 3'-
phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)-dependent DNA binding of 7-OH-
DMBA, 12-OH-DMBA and 7,12-diOH-DMBA, were highly sensitive to inhibition by
dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a specific substrate for human DHEA-steroid
sulfotransferase (IC50 = 5 microM). By comparison,
2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol, a potent inhibitor of the thermostable (TS)-
phenol and estrogen sulfotransferases, did not have an appreciable
inhibitory effect. Neither p-nitrophenol, a high affinity substrate for
human TS-phenol and estrogen sulfotransferases, nor dopamine, a specific
substrate for the thermolabile (TL)-phenol sulfotransferase, significantly
inhibited the DNA binding of 12-OH-DMBA catalyzed by hepatic cytosols.
Inter-subject variation (n = 12) of the PAPS- dependent DNA binding of
12-OH- and 7,12-diOH-DMBAs also correlated well with DHEA-sulfotransferase
activity (r = 0.90; P < 0.00001 and r = 0.92; P < 0.00001,
respectively). This sulfation-dependent metabolic activation was not
detected in cytosols from human colon, pancreas, larynx or mammary gland.
Both TS- and TL-phenol sulfotransferases were active in human liver and
colon but only liver contained DHEA- sulfotransferase activity. These
results indicate that the sulfotransferase-mediated activation of the
methyl-hydroxylated DMBAs is predominantly catalyzed by DHEA-steroid
sulfotransferase in human liver and that TS- and TL-phenol
sulfotransferases and estrogen sulfotransferase are not involved in the
catalysis.
相似文献
98.
99.
Small lesions in the heart identified at electron beam CT: calcification or noise? 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Bielak LF; Kaufmann RB; Moll PP; McCollough CH; Schwartz RS; Sheedy PF nd 《Radiology》1994,192(3):631
100.
Clip placement after stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3