Nature of a humoral factor of bone marrow stimulating antibody production

A fraction doubling the quantity of antibodies synthesized in a culture of cells from immune lymph nodes was isolated by gel chromatography from the supernatant obtained after culture of bone marrow cells from intact donors. The stimulator of antibody producers (SAP) was eluted in the region of emergence of cytochrome C with a molecular weight of 13,000 daltons and it was thermostable. Synthesis of RNA and protein was essential for its production, but DNA synthesis was not necessary. Incorporation of radioactive label showed that the SAP contained ribonucleotides and amino acids. It is suggested that this factor plays an important role in the regulation of antibody synthesis.Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of Health of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 11, pp. 563–566, November, 1978.     

Simultaneous in vivo imaging of diffuse optical reflectance,optoacoustic pressure and ultrasonic scattering

We present reflection-mode bioimaging system providing complementary optical, photoacsoutic and acoustic measurements by acoustic detector after each laser pulse. While the photons absorbed within the sample provide optoacoustic (OA) signals, the photons absorbed by the external electrode of a detector provide the measurable diffuse reflectance (DR) from the sample and the probing ultrasonic (US) pulse. To demonstrate the in vivo capabilities of the system we present the results of complementary DR/OA/US imaging of a mouse tumor, head of a newborn rat, and the back of a newborn rat with 3.5mm/50μm/35μm lateral resolution. Trimodal approach allows visualization of mechanical structures in healthy and pathological tissues along with peculiarities of blood supply. The system may be used for diagnostics of diseases accompanied by the defects of vascularization as well as for assessing the mechanisms of vascular changes when monitoring response to therapy.OCIS codes: (170.5120) Photoacoustic imaging, (170.7180) Ultrasound diagnostics     

Correlation between the Sizes of Individual Parts of Mauthner Neurons in Goldfish and Their Integral Function after Enucleation of the Eye

Three-dimensional reconstruction was used to study the structural correlates of significant increases in the activity of Mauthner neurons (MN) deafferented after unilateral enucleation of the eye evidenced by an irreversible shift in motor asymmetry in goldfish towards the “blind” side. The results showed that in some cases, the dominance of the MN correlated significantly with a decrease in the volume of its ventral dendrite, while in others, it correlated with an increase in the sizes of the body and the lateral dendrite. Both structural signs appeared to result from local redistribution of the neurotransmitter balance due to the tension of the undamaged sensory inputs. Overall, the results demonstrated that prolonged adaptive changes in the behavior of the fish may be regulated by specific morphological rearrangements of MN at the level of individual dendrites acting via feedforward and feedback mechanisms.     

Mechanism of action of dalargin in experimental myocardial ischemia

Russian National Medical University, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences B. T. Velichkovskii.) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 114, No. 10, pp. 345–347, October, 1992.     

Effects of β-endorphin on cardiac afferent systems

Studies performed on cats have shown that the antifibrillatory effect of β-endorphin under acute myocardial ischemia is mediated by afferent pathways of the vagus nerves and sympathetic components of arrhythmogenesis. This effect is associated with the ability of β-endorphin to change the impulse activity of cardiovascular and integrative neurons of the nodose ganglion. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 9, pp. 294–298, September, 1998