心肌缺血再灌注损伤与热休克蛋白

目的:热休克蛋白是细胞在应激条件下产生的一类高度保守的蛋白质,它可以从抵抗损伤和加速修复两个方面对细胞进行保护。研究表明热休克蛋白对心肌缺血再灌注损伤有内源性的抵抗作用。本文对热休克蛋白及其内源性抵抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用机制进行综述。资料来源:①从图书馆手工查阅相关领域的学术期刊,重点是核心期刊,查阅有关心肌损伤与热休克蛋白之间关系的文献,关键词为“心肌损伤、热休克蛋白、缺血再灌注”。②在cnki数据库及PubMed检索2000/2006心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护方面的文献资料,关键词是“心肌损伤、热休克蛋白”。资料选择:手工和应用计算机分别检索到13篇和29篇与热休克蛋白与心肌缺血再灌注损伤有关的文献。纳入标准:选择实验性文献,即一次性文献。对于内容相近的文献选择在核心期刊发表或年限较近的文章。排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:共得到35篇文献,其中2004/2006的文献有14篇,2000/2003的文献7篇。资料综合:热休克蛋白是细胞在应激情况下启动热休克基因从而产生的一种结构高度保守的蛋白质,几乎存在于从原核生物到真核生物的所有生物体。它具有非特异性、高度保守性、热休克蛋白70表达突出性、时间性、弱的ATP酶的活性和交叉耐受性等特性。热休克蛋白对细胞具有保护作用,主要表现在抵抗损伤和加速修复这两方面。20世纪80年代末,人们开始注意到热休克蛋白具有心肌保护作用,1988年,Currie等将SD大鼠进行热休克预处理,待其恢复24h后,进行离体心肌缺血再灌注,结果发现热休克组大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤后力学指标的恢复明显改善,心肌超微结构的损伤也有不同程度的减轻。热休克蛋白抵抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤的机制包括:稳定细胞内变性的蛋白质;减轻细胞内的离子紊乱;保护血管内皮细胞的功能;干扰应激所启动的细胞调亡程序等4个方面。结论:热休克蛋白对心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有内源性的抵抗作用。     

Human <Emphasis Type="Italic">PTCHD3</Emphasis> nulls: rare copy number and sequence variants suggest a non-essential gene

Background  

Copy number variations (CNVs) can contribute to variable degrees of fitness and/or disease predisposition. Recent studies show that at least 1% of any given genome is copy number variable when compared to the human reference sequence assembly. Homozygous deletions (or CNV nulls) that are found in the normal population are of particular interest because they may serve to define non-essential genes in human biology.     

Array comparative genomic hybridization reveals frequent alterations of G1/S checkpoint genes in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone (UPSb) is a rare tumor often difficult to differentiate from fibrosarcoma of bone (FSb), diagnostically. We applied array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) to screen for genes with potential importance in the tumor and compared the results with alterations seen in FSb. Twenty-two fresh frozen tissue specimens from 20 patients (18 primary tumors and 4 local recurrences) with UPSb were studied. DNA was isolated and hybridized onto Agilent 244K CGH oligoarrays. The hybridization data were analyzed using Agilent DNA Analytics Software. The number of changes ranged from 2 to 168 (average = 66). Losses were most frequently seen at 8p, 9p, 10, 13q, and 18q, and gains at 4q, 5p, 6p, 7p, 8q, 12p, 14q, 17q, 19p, 20q, 22q, and X. Homozygous deletions of CDKN2A, RB1, TP53, and ING1 were seen in 8/20, 7/20, 3/20, and 2/20 cases, respectively. Hypermethylation of both p16(INK4a) and p14(ARF) was found in two cases with loss at CDKN2A. Inactivation either of CDKN2A, RB1, or TP53 was detected in 18/20 cases. One case showed high level gains of CDK4 and MDM2. Frequent gains were seen at MYC, PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR. Immunohistochemical positivity of KIT, PDGFRA, KDR, and PDGFRB was found in 8/14, 5/14, 4/14, and 4/14 cases, respectively. The regions most significantly discriminating between UPSb and FSb included RB1 and MYC. No homozygous deletions of RB1 were found in FSb. In conclusion, our analysis showed the disruption of G1/S checkpoint regulation to be crucial for the oncogenesis of UPSb.     

Microbial Burden of Some Herbal Antimalarials Marketed at Elele, Rivers State

Herbal antimalarials still remain an alternative to our traditional communities who can not afford orthodox antimalarials. This study was aimed at investigating the microbial quality of six herbal antimalarials using standard microbiological methods. Of the six preparations analyzed, “schnapps”, palm wine and water were the media of preparation; the water base preparations recorded higher microbial load. The mean microbial load was 159.5×10⁵ cfu/ml and 217.4×10²cfu/ml in water and alcohol base preparations respectively. The microbial profile of the preparations showed that the schnapps base preparations were predominantly contaminated with Bacillus sp (Aerobic spore bearers) and Mucor spp. The palm wine preparation harboured Bacillus sp, yeasts and Mucor spp while the water base preparations had several isolates such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli 0157H7, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus feacalis, Serratia marcensces, Staph. aureus, Bacillus spp and Mucor spp. Conclusively, this study underlines the public health importance of these preparations given the high burden of such human pathogen as Ecoli O157H7, Ps aeruginosa, Stahp aureus, etc. in the preparations.     

艾滋病并发口腔白色念珠菌病和带状疱疹1例

1 临床资料患者,女,65岁,山西运城人,于1 a前开始出现口腔糜烂,糜烂面有白色斑片,可擦除,伴口咽疼痛. 因1985-01/1995-01在当地多次卖血(单采血浆),疑为人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染而行HIV 抗体检测,初筛试验为强阳性. 为求进一步诊治收入唐都医院全军感染病诊疗中心. 体格检查:T 36.4℃,P 120次/min,BP 12.5/7 kPa,消瘦,口腔内壁和舌面大面积糜烂,颊黏膜、舌背黏膜及咽后壁可见白色伪膜,边界尚清楚,擦去可见充血创面,触痛明显.     

Esophageal motility: assessment with synchronous video tape fluoroscopy and manometry

Synchronous video tape fluoroscopy and manometry of the esophagus was performed in 11 subjects (seven men and four women; mean age, 49 years). Four had normal and seven had abnormal esophageal motility (diffuse esophageal spasm, n = 4; nonspecific esophageal motility disorder, n = 3) that was shown by previous manometry. A digital timer appeared on the video tape recording and marked the manometric tracing synchronously. Alternate 5-mL and 10-mL barium boluses were recorded for a total of 10 swallows per patient. Video tape examinations were reviewed prospectively, and the status of primary peristalsis and presence and severity of tertiary activity were noted. A total of 98 swallows (58 normal, 40 abnormal) were correlated, and a 96% agreement was found in assessing primary peristalsis. Overall results of fluoroscopic examinations of each subject during all swallows showed complete agreement with those of manometry; segregating the swallows into groups of five showed 92% concordance. Severe tertiary activity was invariably seen with abnormal primary peristalsis at fluoroscopy.     

抗心肌缺血药2,6-二甲基-4-双取代苯基-1,4-二氢吡啶-3,5-二羧酸酯的合成

本文报道了9个新的2,6-二甲基-4-双取代苯基-1,4-二氢吡淀-3,5-二羧酸酯的合成。初步药理试验表明:化合物I₆具有较强的抑制KCl诱发兔主动脉条的收缩作用,增加冠脉血流量和心输出量,降低心肌耗氧量;增强小鼠抗缺氧能力;对大鼠心肌缺血有保护作用;能缩小兔缺血心肌再灌流引起的心肌梗塞范围。     

Hypochondriacal fears and beliefs in pregnancy

Illness attitudes were evaluated in 26 pregnant women and 26 control subjects matched for sociodemographic variables, by means of a self-rating scale, on 3 different occasions. For each trimester of pregnancy, women displayed more hypochondriacal fears and beliefs and conviction of disease (disease phobia) than normal controls. In the third trimester, they also reported more fear of dying and bodily preoccupations. The findings should alert physicians to ask their pregnant patients whether they are preoccupied with fear of dying, or are concerned that they suffer from an undiagnosed physical illness, or dread a specific illness such as cancer or heart disease. Hypochondriacal fears and beliefs are liable to affect well-being and the health attitudes of pregnant women. If properly recognized, they may effectively be treated.