师以下卫生机构信息化建设的做法和体会

本文着重阐述了师以下部队卫生信息化建设的主要做法.一是提高认识,增强使命感和紧迫感;二是加强领导,加大推动力度;三是完善设施,创造有利环境;从而使部队全面实现卫生工作网络化管理,卫生工作管理水平迈上一个新台阶.     

保元片对实验小鼠的双向免疫调节作用

目的 :观察保元片对实验小鼠的双向免疫调节作用。方法 :分别用环磷酰胺和卡介苗注射液给BACB/C小鼠造成免疫抑制型和增强型模型 ,以人参北芪片治疗作对照 ,观察保元片大、中、小剂量组对抑制型和增强型模型的影响。结果 :保元片能明显对抗环磷酰胺所致小鼠巨噬细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化功能、溶血素生成能力降低 ,对免疫功能低下具有明显的促进作用 ;对注射卡介苗注射液所致小鼠的各项免疫功能增强具有一定的减缓趋势。结论 :保元片具有较好的双向免疫调节作用     

Estimates of maternal mortality by the sisterhood method in rural nothern Tanzania: a household sample and an antenatal clinic sample

Objective To estimate maternal mortality in two samples of a population in northern Tanzania.
Setting Rural communities and antenatal clinics, Mbulu and Hanang districts, Arusha region, Tanzania.
Population From a household survey 2043 men and women aged 15–60, and from an antenatal clinic survey 4172 women aged 15–59.
Method The indirect sisterhood method.
Main outcome measures The risk of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births (maternal mortality ratio), and the lifetime risk of a maternal death.
Results The risk of a maternal death per 100,000 live births was 362 (95% CI 269–456) and 444 (95% CI 371–517) for the household and antenatal clinic surveys, respectively. The lifetime risk of maternal death was 1 in 38 and 1 in 31, respectively, for the two surveys. A significantly lower risk of maternal death was observed for the respondents attending antenatal clinics closer to the hospital than for those attending clinics further away: 325 (95% CI 237–413) compared with 561 (95% CI 446–677) per 100,000 live births. Lifetime risk of maternal death was 1 in 42 and 1 in 25, respectively.
Conclusions The risk of maternal death per 100,000 live births in this area were comparatively high, but in our survey substantially lower than in previous surveys in Tanzania. Increasing distance from the antenatal clinics to the hospital was associated with higher maternal mortality. There was no significant difference between results based on household and antenatal clinic data, suggesting that accessible health facility data using the sisterhood method may provide a basis for local assessment of maternal mortality in developing countries.     

Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior among Adolescents in Tanzania

Studies on sexual behavior among adolescents are fundamental in understanding and fighting against outcomes of unprotected sex that include unplanned/unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. This survey conducted among in- and out-of-schools adolescents measured prevalence of sexual behavior variables, including risky sexual behavior and associated factors. Risky sexual behavior was defined as having first sex before 16 years, inconsistent condom use and having multiple sexual partners. About 30% of adolescents reported being sexually active; a higher proportion being among males than females and 24.5% of sexually active adolescents reported having multiple sexual partners. More males (37%) reported having multiple sexual partners than females (26%). Nearly 48% of unmarried sexually active adolescents reported having used a condom during the most recent sexual intercourse. Predictors of risky sexual behavior were being male, young age (10–14 years) and being inschool. Preventive information and education should take into consideration these factors.     

Grandparents' age and the risk of Down's syndrome in Norway

BACKGROUND: High maternal age is a well-recognized risk factor for Down's syndrome. There are also several studies of a possible effect of paternal age, but no consistent evidence of an association is found. Less is known about any effects of the age of grandparents. Objective. To assess whether maternal or paternal grandparents' age is associated with the risk of Down's syndrome. METHODS: We used logistic regression analyses with data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, adjusting for possible confounding factors. RESULTS: We found no evidence of an association with the risk of Down's syndrome either for a maternal grandmother's age (odds ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.6-1.5 per 10-year increase in grandmother's age) or for any of the other grandparents' age. CONCLUSIONS: High maternal age remains the only well-established age-related risk factor for Down's syndrome. There is little evidence that the increased risk represented by older mothers is passed on to offspring of her non-affected daughters.     

Perioperative Fractures in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty Using the Direct Anterior Minimally Invasive Approach: Reduced Risk With Short Stems

Background

The direct minimally invasive anterior approach (DMIAA) and the use of uncemented stems demonstrated an increase in intraoperative fractures in recent literature. Whether the different design of the stems additionally influences the incidence of perioperative local complications, was the goal of this study.