The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep and Breathing - Obesity is a common risk factor for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Both PCOS and OSA are associated with increased risk of type 2...     

The effectiveness of personal construct psychotherapy in clinical practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

This study updates a systematic review of the effectiveness of personal construct psychotherapy and refines a previous meta-analysis by focusing on studies conducted in clinical settings. Twenty-seven studies satisfied the criteria for the systematic review, including 20 in clinical settings. Meta-analysis of the latter provided strong evidence of an advantage of personal construct psychotherapy over a no-treatment control; this benefit was maintained at follow-up. Meta-analysis of studies with an active treatment control group provided no evidence of the superiority or inferiority of personal construct psychotherapy. The available research justifies the practice of personal construct psychotherapy with clients in clinical practice, but conclusions must be tempered by the small number of studies and their methodological shortcomings.     

先天性肠闭锁166例临床分析

目的分析先天性肠闭锁病例的诊断及治疗,以提高治愈率及术后生活质量。方法回顾性分析166例先天性肠闭锁的临床资料。结果治愈142例,治愈率85.5%(142/166),其中包括18例二期手术治愈者;术中10例、术后8例放弃治疗;术后死亡6例。结论早期诊断和选择合理的术式是提高肠闭锁治愈率的关键,基础支持及手术技术改进能促进病情的恢复,改善预后。     

Anti-IgE treatment of eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders

BACKGROUND: Eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are commonly associated with atopy and are being recognized with increasing frequency. Current therapy for EGIDs is inadequate. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the efficacy of anti-IgE therapy in EGIDs and investigate the role of IgE in disease pathogenesis. METHODS: Nine subjects with EGIDs received omalizumab every 2 weeks for 16 weeks while other therapy was held constant. Blood absolute eosinophil counts, tissue eosinophil counts, symptom scores, and free IgE levels were serially measured. Allergen skin testing and flow cytometry for basophil activation and FcepsilonRI were determined at baseline and at week 16. RESULTS: Omalizumab was associated with a decrease in absolute eosinophil count at both the week 16 (34%, P = .004) and combined weeks 12 to 16 (42%, P = .012) time points. Tissue eosinophils decreased in the duodenum (59%) and gastric antrum (69%) but did not reach statistical significance (P = .074 and .098, respectively). Esophageal eosinophil counts remained unchanged. Basophil and dendritic cell FcepsilonRI expression and free IgE levels were all significantly decreased (P < .005). Omalizumab increased the concentration of allergen required to trigger half-maximal basophil activation by 170-fold. Allergen skin test wheal and erythema responses decreased by 78% and 82%, respectively. Symptom scores were decreased at both the midstudy (63%) and end of study (70%) time points (P < .005 for both). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that IgE-mediated processes contribute to the generation of eosinophilic inflammation in EGIDs and suggest that anti-IgE therapy might be effective in these disorders. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Anti-IgE might be a potential therapy for EGIDs.