全文获取类型
收费全文 | 933篇 |
免费 | 62篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 7篇 |
儿科学 | 63篇 |
妇产科学 | 23篇 |
基础医学 | 124篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 154篇 |
内科学 | 154篇 |
皮肤病学 | 9篇 |
神经病学 | 130篇 |
特种医学 | 94篇 |
外科学 | 59篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 50篇 |
眼科学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 70篇 |
肿瘤学 | 37篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 24篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 33篇 |
2014年 | 33篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 73篇 |
2011年 | 49篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 63篇 |
2007年 | 48篇 |
2006年 | 58篇 |
2005年 | 47篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 52篇 |
2002年 | 58篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 28篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Eija Heikkinen MNSc RN Merja Nikkonen PhD RN & Helena Aavarinne PhD RN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1998,27(5):1069-1075
The definition of envy is commonly based on psychoanalytical views of organizational culture. The purpose of this paper is to describe envy in a nursing community. The population study consisted of random sample of 120 subjects drawn from among the employees of one central hospital in Finland. The study material consisted of data collected by questionnaires (response rate 65%). The data were processed by various statistical methods. Open-ended questions were analysed by inductive content analysis. The results of this study indicated that the employee's view of his/her official position in the nursing community, his/her relationships with his/her fellow workers and the management as well as relationships with other nursing communities are all related to envy. The employee's view of his/her official position intensified his/her feelings of envy, if he/she had other negative feelings, anxiety, dissatisfaction with him/herself, and negative feelings towards fellow workers. The major object of envy was fellow workers' salaries. Envy towards other nursing communities was generated by alleged differences in the amount of labour, or by the charge nurse's greater interest in other sections. Employees coped with envy by hiding these feelings and being modest. Women coped with envy by being silent, while men denied the value of the object of envy. 相似文献
2.
Merja Nikkonen RN LicNSc 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,22(1):101-109
This paper describes and analyses, from a sociocultural viewpoint, the ways of life of discharged long-term psychiatric patients in northern Finland The paper focuses on subjectivity control of life and fundamental experiences in life The data consist of interviews with 25 outpatients who have moved to live in residential homes, rehabilitation centres or their own homes after receiving preparatory training in the psychiatric hospital The findings suggest that the way of life of the outpatients did not significantly differ from that of other people belonging to the same generation of Finns With respect to control of life, a conspicuous feature was the strong tendency to let themselves be led by others, and to self-sacrifice for the good of others For the patients, independence was the best aspect of open care Fear for being branded as a psychiatric case or as a former mental patient threatened the patients'external control of life The central element of control of life of the Finns is work The outpatients thought work a matter of honour and they did not find their present, inactive way of life satisfactory 相似文献
3.
Molecular and biological analysis of echovirus 9 strain isolated from a diabetic child 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Paananen A Ylipaasto P Rieder E Hovi T Galama J Roivainen M 《Journal of medical virology》2003,69(4):529-537
The full-length infectious cDNA clone was constructed and sequenced from the strain DM of echovirus 9, which was recently isolated from a 6-week-old child at the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes. Parallel with the isolate DM, the full-length infectious cDNA clone of the prototype strain echovirus 9 Barty (Barty-INF), was constructed and sequenced. Genetic relationships of the sequenced echo 9 viruses to the other members of the human enterovirus type B species were studied by phylogenetic analyses. Comparison of capsid protein sequences showed that the isolate DM was closely related to both prototype strains: Hill and Barty-INF. The only exception was the inner capsid protein VP4 where serotype specificity was not evident and the isolate DM clustered with the strain Hill and the strain Barty-INF with echovirus 30 Bastianni. Likewise, the nonstructural protein coding region, P2P3, of isolate DM was more similar to strain Hill than to strain Barty-INF. However, like echovirus 9 Barty, the isolate DM contained the RGD-motif in the carboxy terminus of capsid protein VP1. By blocking experiments using an RGD-containing peptide and a polyclonal rabbit antiserum to the alpha(v)beta(3)-integrin, it was shown that this molecule works as a cellular receptor for isolate DM. By using primary human islets, it was shown that the isolate DM is capable of infecting insulin-producing beta-cells like the corresponding prototype strains did. However, only isolate DM was clearly cytolytic for beta-cells. The infectious clones that were made allow further investigations of the molecular features responsible for the diabetogenicity of the isolate DM. 相似文献
4.
Joanna S. Kruszewska Markku Saloheimo Merja Penttilä Grażyna Palamarczyk 《Current genetics》1998,33(6):445-450
A cDNA coding for GTP: α-d-mannose-1-phosphate guanyltransferase (MPG1 transferase) (EC 2.7.7.13) was isolated from a cDNA library of the Trichoderma reesei RutC-30 strain by suppression of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutation in the DPM1gene encoding mannosylphosphodolichol (MPD) synthase. The nucleotide sequence of the 1.6 kb-long cDNA revealed an ORF which
encodes a protein of 364 amino acids. Sequence comparisons demonstrate 70% identity with the S. cerevisiae guanyl transferase gene (MPG1) and 75% identity with the Schizosaccharomyces pombe homologue. No similarity was found with the MPD synthase encoded by the S. cerevisiae DPM1 gene. The possibility that cloned cDNA encodes a product with a MPD synthase activity was also excluded by transforming a
heterozygous S. cerevisiae dpm1::LEU2/DPM1 diploid, which did not lead to the restoration of viability of the dpm1 spores. Simultaneously, a significant increase in MPG transferase activity, as compared with the wild-type yeast, was observed
in cellular extracts when the mpg1 cDNA from Trichoderma was expressed in the S. cerevisiae dpm1-6 mutant.
Received: 21 July 1997 / 24 April 1998 相似文献
5.
Nuutinen J Liu Y Laakso MP Karonen JO Roivainen R Vanninen RL Partanen K Østergaard L Sivenius J Aronen HJ 《Acta neurologica Scandinavica》2006,113(2):100-107
OBJECTIVES: To assess the correlation of diffusion-weighted (DWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) findings with the severity of acute neurologic deficit and their ability to predict short and long-term clinical outcomes of stroke. The ability of DWI and PWI to predict the outcome was compared with the ability of clinical stroke scales to predict the outcome. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with acute stroke underwent diffusion DWI and PWI on the first and eighth day after the ictus. Clinical and functional scales were carried out before each scan and 3 months after the stroke. RESULTS: The volumes of both the DWI and the PWI lesions correlated well with the acute neurologic deficit and the final outcome. The first day PWI (r = 0.64) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (r = 0.70) correlated well with the final outcome. However, in logistic regression analysis, only the NIHSS score at the acute stage was the only independent predictor of the long-term clinical outcome. CONCLUSION: While the PWI and DWI lesion volumes correlated well with the outcome of the stroke, the imaging measurements did not improve the prognostic power over plain clinical stroke scale scores. 相似文献
6.
Grönroos MH Jahnukainen T Irjala K Härkönen R Hurme S Möttönen M Salmi TT 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2008,23(5):797-803
Evaluation of renal function should be performed as part of the follow-up during and after chemotherapy in pediatric cancer
patients. The aim of this study was to compare an isotope clearance method [isotope glomerular filtration rate (iGFR)] with
alternative methods to determine GFR in such patients. Isotope GFR [99mTc-labeled diethylene triaminopentoacetic acid (DTPA) or 51Cr-labeled ethylenediaminetetra-acetate (EDTA)] was measured in 36 children (112 studies) and compared with simultaneously
measured creatinine clearance (CrCl), serum creatinine (SCr), and cystatin C (CysC) concentrations, as well as the results
of Schwartz, Counahan–Barratt, and Cockroft–Gault formulae, using general linear mixed models. Our results showed a significant
association between iGFR and CysC concentrations (p < 0.001). No linear relationship was observed between CrCl and iGFR (p = 0.7). As expected, the results of height-based formulae (Counahan–Barratt and Schwartz) had significantly (p = 0.004) better correlation to iGFR than the results of a formula based on weight (Cockroft–Gault) (p = 0.19). Despite significant linear correlation, intraclass correlation coefficients showed poor agreement. Tests of similarity
between iGFR estimates showed differences between average values of GFR. Therefore, determination of iGFR remains the method
of choice in estimation of GFR in cancer patients. In our study population, assay of serum CysC was the most reliable alternative
method to measure glomerular function. 相似文献
7.
Self‐Reported Hearing Status Is Associated with Lower Limb Physical Performance,Perceived Mobility,and Activities of Daily Living in Older Community‐Dwelling Men and Women 下载免费PDF全文
8.
9.
Emma Aarnio Risto Huupponen Katri Hmeen‐Anttila Merja Merikoski Jaana Puhakka Maarit J. Korhonen 《Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology》2019,124(4):416-422
Direct oral anticoagulants provide an alternative to vitamin K antagonists for the anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF). The availability of several treatment options with different attributes makes shared decision‐making appropriate for the choice of anticoagulation therapy. The aim of this study was to understand how physicians choose an oral anticoagulant (OAC) for patients with AF and how physicians view patients’ participation in this decision. Semi‐structured interviews with 17 Finnish physicians (eight general practitioners and nine specialists) working in the public sector were conducted. An interview guide on experience, prescribing and opinions about oral anticoagulants was developed based on previous literature. The data were thematically analysed using deductive and inductive approaches. Based on the interviews, patient's opinion was the most influential factor in decision‐making when there were no clinical factors limiting the choice between OACs. Of patient's preferences, the most important was the attitude towards co‐payments of OACs. Patients’ opinions on monitoring of treatment, dosing and antidote availability were also mentioned by the interviewees. The choice of an OAC in AF was patient‐centred as all interviewees expressed that patient's opinion affects the choice. 相似文献
10.