经阴道超声评价不孕症患者子宫内膜容受性的研究进展

随着辅助生殖技术的发展,应用体外受精一胚胎移值（IVF-EI）对小孕症患者的诊治取得了很大的进展,胚胎质量和子宫内膜容受性是决定不孕症患着治疗成败的两个关键因素,用于评价子宫内膜的方法很多,如免疫组化法、内膜活检等,而经阴道超声以其简便、无创、可重复性等优点成为不孕症诊治中评估子宫内膜容受性的常规方法。     

二维血流显像技术与彩色多普勒在颈动脉疾病诊断中的应用比较

目的比较二维血流显像技术（B-Flow）与彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）和能量多普勒（PDI）在颈动脉疾病诊断中的应用价值。方法对160例颈动脉疾病患者分别进行CDFI、PDI及B-Flow技术检查,对比分析。其中41例患者进行了数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查。结果B-Flow技术是一种新型血管疾病影像学检查方法,具有更高帧频、高分辨率和全景显像功能,能同时显示血流和背景组织结构,B-Flow与CDFI、PDI结合使用,可提高异常图像显示率;对于颈动脉狭窄和闭塞的判断与DSA结果比较,B-Flow技术与DSA相关性明显高于后两者。结论B-Flow显像技术较CDFI及PDI显像在颈动脉疾病中的应用范围更广,可以弥补CDFI、PDI显像上的不足。     

Flow cytometric detection of intracellular myeloperoxidase, CD3 and CD79a. Interaction between monoclonal antibody clones, fluorochromes and sample preparation protocols

Detection of intracellular myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD79a and CD3 has become the most specific tool for the assignment of myeloid, B- and T-lymphoid lineages in acute leukemias. In order to establish the best combination of monoclonal antibody reagent and sample preparation technique for the intracellular detection of these three markers, we compared six different cell fixation-permeabilization kits (Cytofix/Cytoperm, Fix and Perm, Intraprep, Intrastain, Permeacyte and Permeafix) using 12 fluorochrome conjugates derived from seven monoclonal antibody (mAb) clones. A total of 21 samples corresponding to normal peripheral blood (n=4), normal bone marrow (n=3), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML, n=6), precursor B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n=6) and T-ALL (n=2) cases, were analysed in two centers. All fixation/permeabilization methods resulted in decreased side scatter and mostly increased forward scatter as compared to erythrocyte-lyse-washed and 1% paraformaldehyde fixed samples. The autofluorescence levels of the leukocyte populations was only significantly increased with use of the Cytofix/Cytoperm kit and mildly with the other techniques. In addition, non-specific staining increased significantly for combinations of any anti-MPO mAb with the Cytofix/Cytoperm kit and for the CD3 clone S4.1 combined with any intracellular method. Anti-MPO antibodies gave a stronger fluorescence signal when conjugated to PE than when coupled to FITC. In conclusion, MPO-7-PE, UCHT-1-PE (CD3) and any HM57-PE conjugate (CD79a) in combination with Fix and Perm, Intraprep, Intrastain or Permeafix, provided specific staining of the respective markers in sufficient intensities. Thus, combined selection of fixation/permeabilization kits and monoclonal antibody reagents against CD3, CD79a and MPO is required for obtaining optimal cytoplasmic detection of these antigens.     

Cerebral venous thrombosis initially considered as a complication of spinal-epidural anaesthesia

Cerebral venous thrombosis is an unusual condition characterized by headache, nausea, vomiting, focal deficits and epileptic seizures. In this case report we describe a patient who presented with headache and focal motor deficits after an uneventful Caesarean section, performed using combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed because of the pronounced neurological symptoms, and a diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis was made. The patient was treated with anticoagulant agents and made a complete recovery. This case emphasizes the importance of considering cerebral venous thrombosis in the differential diagnosis of headache in the post-partum period prior to instituting conventional therapy.     

慢性萎缩性胃炎防治若干问题及对策

目的探讨慢性萎缩性胃炎诊治问题及策略方法。方法结合现代医学病因治疗研究进展,应用中医因机证治,整体和微观辨证结合研究方法,治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎。结果中医整体和微观辨论证结合方法,能阻断或逆转部分肠上皮化生和异型增生,使药物预防胃癌成为可能。结论中西医结合治疗慢性萎缩性胃为有效治疗方法。     

Hyponatremia and the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

The syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH), also recently referred to as the "syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis", is an often underdiagnosed cause of hypotonic hyponatremia, resulting for instance from ectopic release of ADH in lung cancer or as a side-effect of various drugs. In SIADH, hyponatremia results from a pure disorder of water handling by the kidney, whereas external Na+ balance is usually well regulated. Despite increased total body water, only minor changes of urine output and modest edema are usually seen. Renal function and acid-base balance are often preserved, while neurological impairment may range from subclinical to life-threatening. Hypouricemia is a distinguishing feature. The major causes and clinical variants of SIADH are reviewed, with particular emphasis on iatrogenic complications and hospital-acquired hyponatremia. Effective treatment of SIADH with water restriction, aquaretics, or hypertonic saline + loop diuretics, as opposed to worsening of hyponatremia during parenteral isotonic fluid administration, underscores the importance of an early accurate diagnosis and careful follow-up of these patients.     

不同胃病患者血清、胃液、胃粘膜锌含量的测定

本文对消化性溃疡及慢性胃炎患者进行了血清、胃液、胃粘膜组织微量元素（Ｚｎ）含量测定及幽门螺杆菌检测。结果表明：消化性溃疡及慢性胃炎患者血清、胃液、组织Ｚｎ含量均比正常人明显降低（Ｐ＜０．００１）。胃内幽门螺杆菌感染者比非感染者胃液、组织微量元素Ｚｎ下降更为显者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。