职业卫生与职业医学开放性实验教学效果评价研究

目的 在预防医学专业本科学生中开展开放性实验,探索实验教学改革方法,提升学生的专业素养和科研能力。方法 针对预防医学专业大四学生,以职业卫生与职业医学实验课程为抓手,进行开放实验教学,然后用问卷调查评估实验效果。2016级预防医学专业学生147人为对照组,开展常规验证性实验;2017级预防医学专业学生176人为试验组,开展开放性实验。从综合考评成绩、教师自评、学生满意度调查3个方面进行评价。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行独立样本t检验、卡方检验。结果 试验组和对照组学生的职业卫生与职业医学期末考试理论成绩是[（84.37±10.45）分 vs. （81.44±9.22）分]（t=2.68,P=0.008）,实验技能成绩是[（93.66±3.89）分 vs. （88.41±5.67）分]（t=9.51,P<0.001）,两组相比,试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。问卷调查显示,试验组学生对于学时安排（χ²=8.31,P=0.004）、小组协作（χ²=21.10,P<0.001）、考核形式（χ²=7.92,P=0.005）、提升科研论文撰写能力（χ²=17.56,P<0.001）、提高实践技能（χ²=11.70,P=0.001）、逻辑思维和语言组织表达能力（χ²=10.33,P=0.001）的满意度更高。学生认为开放实验有助于培养学生创新思维和能力,但是对于就业优势的培养作用有限。学生认为开设专业课的开放性实验具有充分必要性。结论 在预防医学专业学生中开展开放性实验对于学生提升专业素养、增强实践和科研能力是有益的。     

Underestimation of the number of hidden objects

The perceptual representation of our environment does not only involve what we actually can see, but also inferences about what is hidden from our sight. For example, in amodal completion, simple contours or surfaces are filled-in behind occluding objects allowing for a complete representation. This is important for many everyday tasks, such as visual search, foraging, and object handling. Although there is support for completion of simple patterns from behavioral and neurophysiological studies, it is unclear if these mechanisms extend to complex, irregular patterns. Here, we show that the number of hidden objects on partially occluded surfaces is underestimated. Observers did not consider accurately the number of visible objects and the proportion of occlusion to infer the number of hidden objects, although these quantities were perceived accurately and reliably. However, visible objects were not simply ignored: estimations of hidden objects increased when the visible objects formed a line across the occluder and decreased when the visible objects formed a line outside of the occluder. Confidence ratings for numerosity estimation were similar for fully visible and partially occluded surfaces. These results suggest that perceptual inferences about what is hidden in our environment can be very inaccurate und underestimate the complexity of the environment.     

我国带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病防治现状与挑战

WHO关于2021-2030年被忽视的热带病防控路线图将疾病控制目标分成4个层级,分别是控制、作为公共卫生问题被消除、消除和根除.带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病被列为需要控制的疾病.总体上,我国带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病人群感染率呈低水平,流行程度呈明显地区和人群分布差异,但消除带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病面临诸多挑战.在以往防控工作的基础上,还需...     

罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者镇痛效果及应激反应的影响

目的 探讨罗哌卡因腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞对腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者镇痛效果及应激反应的影响.方法 选取2019年10月-2020年5月于该院行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为A组(n=45)和B组(n=45).A组在术毕实施静脉镇痛,B组在麻醉诱导时采用罗哌卡因TAP阻滞.对比两组麻...     

子宫内膜同源盒基因A10表达及调控研究

子宫内膜同源盒基因A10(HOXA10)是内膜细胞发育和分化的调控基因,在子宫内膜的表达呈月经周期依赖性,并持续表达于妊娠子宫的蜕膜组织.HOXA10基因的表达与子宫内膜的容受性,胚胎的黏附与着床,母胎界面的免疫耐受、胚胎的生长发育等紧密相关.对HOXA10基因的深入研究将为其在人工流产、不孕不育、辅助生殖技术等方面的临床应用提供可能性.     

杏仁提取条件的探讨

目的：研究苦杏仁中有效成分苦杏仁苷的最佳提取条件。方法：采用2次重复的正交实验法,以加水倍量,提取时间,提取次数3个因素,每个因素选取3个水平进行实验。结果：因素A（加水倍量）有显著影响,因素B（提取时间）和因素C（提取次数）对苦杏仁苷的含量有极显著影响。结论：最佳提取工艺A2B2C2,即用10倍量提取2次,每次1h。