知母皂苷对脂多糖引起巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α和NO的影响及机制

目的:观察知母皂苷是否能抑制脂多糖引起的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞炎症因子TNF-α和NO释放并探讨PI3K/Akt/p70S6K信号转导通路的影响。方法:小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞培养24 h,加入不同浓度知母皂苷(1、10和100μmol/L)或加入不同的阻断剂(PI3K特异性阻断剂LY294002、Akt特异性阻断剂TCBN),之后加入脂多糖(10 mg/L)继续培养。ELISA法和Griess法分别测定巨噬细胞培养上清液中TNF-α和NO的含量;免疫化学荧光染色法观察巨噬细胞磷酸化p70S6K表达水平的改变。结果:加入脂多糖作用2 h巨噬细胞上清液中TNF-α开始含量明显增加,24 h达高峰。知母皂苷(1、10和100μmol/L)、LY294002(20μmol/L)和TCBN(10μmol/L)均可不同程度的抑制脂多糖引起的巨噬细胞TNF-和NO产生增加。知母皂苷(100μmol/L)可减少脂多糖引起的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞磷酸化p70S6K表达增加。结论:知母皂苷显著抑制脂多糖引起的巨噬细胞炎症因子TNF-α和NO释放,其作用机制与知母皂苷下调PI3K/Akt/p70S6K信号转导通路表达有关。     

万古霉素血药浓度与临床疗效及急性肾损伤的关系

目的 探讨万古霉素稳态谷浓度(Cmin)和峰浓度(Cpeak)与临床疗效及急性肾损伤(AKI)的关系.方法 回顾性纳入2015年11月至2019年4月于海军军医大学(第二军医大学)长海医院住院、住院期间使用万古霉素且至少测定了1次万古霉素Cmin或Cpeak的136例患者作为研究对象,收集患者的基本信息及相关指标.万古...     

Microstructure and Electrochemical Behavior of a 3D-Printed Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

3D printing (or more formally called additive manufacturing) has the potential to revolutionize the way objects are manufactured, ranging from critical applications such as aerospace components to medical devices, making the materials stronger, lighter and more durable than those manufactured via conventional methods. While the mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V parts manufactured with two major 3D printing techniques: selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM), have been reported, it is unknown if the corrosion resistance of the 3D-printed parts is comparable to that of the alloy made with isothermal forging (ISF). The aim of this study was to identify the corrosion resistance and mechanisms of Ti-6Al-4V alloy manufactured by SLM, EBM and ISF via electrochemical corrosion tests in 3.5% NaCl solution, focusing on the effect of microstructures. It was observed that the equiaxed α + β microstructure in the ISF-manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy had a superior corrosion resistance to the acicular martensitic α′ + β and lamellar α + β microstructures of the 3D-printed samples via SLM and EBM, respectively. This was mainly due to the fact that (1) a higher amount of β phase was present in the ISF-manufactured sample, and (2) the fraction of phase interfaces was lower in the equiaxed α + β microstructure than in the acicular α′ + β and lamellar α + β microstructures, leading to fewer microgalvanic cells. The lower corrosion resistance of SLM-manufactured sample was also related to the higher strain energy and lower electrochemical potential induced by the presence of martensitic twins, resulting in faster anodic dissolution and higher corrosion rate.     

试论中医药在肿瘤诊疗中的地位和作用

以作者多年在国内外从事中医药诊治肿瘤的临床经验为背景,从中医药现代化、国际化这一科学平台入手,阐述了中医药作为中国肿瘤学领域的特色疗法在当代肿瘤综合治疗中的定位、原则、模式及思路等问题.作者认为中医药只有在不断合理地借鉴现代科学的新技术、新成果,将研究、临床与研发有机地结合起来,才能真正提高中医药对肿瘤的整体诊疗水平,才能在世界肿瘤诊疗中享有一席之地,并发挥重要的作用.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者口服炔雌醇环丙孕酮片致过敏反应

摘 要 目的：探讨临床药师在多囊卵巢综合征患者口服炔雌醇环丙孕酮片抗雄激素治疗中出现过敏反应的处理方法及药学监护。方法: 临床药师通过综合分析患者过敏史及用药史,结合患者用药时间和不良反应的发生时间,判断所用药物与过敏反应的相关性,并对其后续治疗替代药物提出用药建议。结果: 最终判定炔雌醇环丙孕酮片与此次不良反应的关联性评价为很可能,其中两种成分炔雌醇和醋酸环丙孕酮都不能排除为此次过敏反应的发生原因,建议选用屈螺酮炔雌醇片或含天然雌激素成分的口服避孕药进行后续替代治疗。结论:临床药师针对药物致过敏反应展开的病例分析及药学监护,有助于促进多囊卵巢综合征患者的个体化治疗,在保证用药安全,提高患者依从性方面发挥重要作用。     

双相障碍患者疾病获益感的质性研究

目的：从双相障碍患者的角度出发,深入了解患者在患病过程中的疾病获益感。方法：采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,于2022年5月至7月采用目的抽样法,对12名就诊于四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心门诊的双相障碍患者进行半结构化访谈,并采用Colaizzi 7步内容分析法整理、分析资料。结果：双相障碍患者的疾病获益感包括感受幸福能力增强、接纳疾病和自我接纳、疾病自我管理能力增强、家庭关系改善、重视自身感受及精神生活、自我了解、宽容及同理心、生活习惯改善。结论：双相障碍患者的疾病获益主要表现为对疾病和自我的接纳、对疾病和生活控制感增强、不良社会心理因素影响减少三方面。医务人员可通过相应的干预措施促进患者发现疾病获益感,促进康复。     

不同证候H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤ABC转运蛋白家族基因转录特征

目的:观察不同证候H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织ABC转运蛋白家族基因表达的特征。方法:对来源于早期邪毒壅盛和单纯气虚、中期阳气虚和中晚期气阴阳虚四种证候小鼠H22肿瘤组织4张Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Exon 1.0 STArray数据标准化处理后,筛选其中的ABC转运蛋白基因进行差异分析。结果:从芯片中共筛选出与ABC转运蛋白有关的基因47个,以邪毒壅盛小鼠肿瘤基因转录最活跃,气虚次之,阳气虚最低;四种常见证候间共有25个基因转录具有明显差异;Abce1和Abcf1等7个基因中在四种常见证候肿瘤中转录水平最高。结论:Tap1(Abcb2)和Abcd2等6个高表达基因可能是邪毒壅盛型小鼠肿瘤增长快的重要因素;不同证候荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中的ABC转运蛋白基因转录既存在一定共性又存在很大差异,进一步证明了H22荷瘤小鼠证候客观存在的物质基础,为中医辨证论治提供分子依据。     

Two BRM promoter polymorphisms predict poor survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Polymorphisms in the promoter of the BRM gene, a critical subunit of the chromatin remodeling SWI/SNF complex, have previously been implicated in risk and prognosis in Caucasian‐predominant lung, head and neck, esophageal, and pancreatic cancers, and in hepatocellular cancers in Asians. We investigated the role of these polymorphisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk and prognosis. HCC cases were recruited in a comprehensive cancer center while the matched controls were recruited from family practice units from the same catchment area. For risk analyses, unconditional logistic regression analyses were performed in HCC patients and matched healthy controls. Overall survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard models, Kaplan‐Meier curves, and log‐rank tests. In 266 HCC cases and 536 controls, no association between either BRM promoter polymorphism (BRM‐741 or BRM‐1321) and risk of HCC was identified (P > 0.10 for all comparisons). There was significant worsening of overall survival as the number of variant alleles increased: BRM‐741 per variant allele adjusted hazards ratio (aHR) 5.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.89‐11.54 and BRM‐1321 per variant allele aHR 4.09, 95%CI 2.22‐7.51. The effects of these two polymorphisms were at least additive, where individuals who were double homozygotes for the variant alleles had a 45‐fold increase in risk of death when compared to those who were double wild‐type for the two polymorphisms. Two BRM promoter polymorphisms were strongly associated with HCC prognosis but were not associated with increased HCC susceptibility. The association was strongest in double homozygotes for the allele variants.