Hematopoietic-specific microRNA expression in human cells

We examined expression profiles of hematopoietic tissue-specific microRNAs (miRNAs; miR-142, miR-155, miR-181 and miR-223) in 17 commercially available malignant hematopoietic cell lines and compared to those in highly purified normal human B, T, monocytic and granulocytic lineages. Although malignant cell lines examined showed miRNA expression patterns similar to normal human hematopoietic lineages, the levels of miRNA expression among cell lines and normal cell lineages were considerably different, indicating the significance of miRNAs in human hematopoietic diseases. Further our results showed differences in miRNA expression between mouse and human hematopoietic cells, suggesting important regulatory roles of miRNAs in human hematopoiesis and oncogenesis.     

Measuring effectiveness of dietetic interventions in child obesity: a systematic review of randomized trials

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of dietetic treatment for obese children and to report details of dietary interventions. DATA SOURCES: English-language articles from 1975 to 2003 available from health and medical databases. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials with subjects younger than 18 years of age that included a dietary intervention in isolation or in combination with lifestyle modifications and/or psychological therapies. One person searched the databases; 2 people independently critically appraised the articles for methodological quality and then extracted data using standardized tools. DATA EXTRACTION: Thirty-seven randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria; 17 contained sufficient information for a Forest plot of the standardized effects. Eight studies had a true control and were included in a meta-analysis. The random effects model was reported if the Q noncombinability chi(2) statistic was significant at the 10% level because it has low power as a strict test of homogeneity. DATA SYNTHESIS: The 2 strongly qualified meta-analyses suggest that interventions that include a dietary treatment do achieve relative weight loss. Details of the dietary intervention or participant food intake are rarely described. CONCLUSIONS: It is not possible to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary treatment for childhood obesity because of the lack of high-quality studies and the heterogeneity of designs, treatment combinations, outcome measures, and follow-up. There is an urgent need to improve the quality of studies in this area because childhood obesity poses major health risks for populations, yet there is limited evidence on which to base treatment strategies.     

Leflunomide-associated skin ulceration

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of skin ulceration as a result of treatment with leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis. CASE SUMMARY: A 78-year-old white woman developed bilateral leg ulcers after 6 months of treatment with leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis. A history of leg ulcers after methotrexate therapy had been documented. Serologic and diagnostic tests did not support an alternate process. Other medications prescribed were oral ethinyl estradiol 0.05 mg/d, felodipine 5 mg/d, and paroxetine 20 mg/d, for which no documented correlation with the skin breakdown could be made. DISCUSSION: This is the first published case describing a possible relationship between the use of the immunosuppressant agent leflunomide and skin ulceration. CONCLUSIONS: Skin breakdown and ulceration is a recognized adverse effect of drugs with immunosuppressant activity such as methotrexate. Leflunomide, a newer agent prescribed in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, may now be listed among the drugs in this category associated with this adverse drug effect.     

Utility of clinical swallowing examination measures for detecting aspiration post-stroke.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the utility of clinical swallowing examination (CSE) measures for detecting aspiration as defined by videofluoroscopic swallowing examination (VFSE). This study, involving 165 participants, is a follow-up to a previously published investigation of 60 participants. Findings are compared with that investigation as well as with other research on CSEs. The results suggest that clinicians can make an accurate judgment of the occurrence of aspiration in most post-stroke patients. However, ruling out aspiration when it is absent appears more problematic. More work needs to be done if data collected from non-instrumented examinations are to be strongly predictive of the presence and absence of aspiration on VFSE. At present, there are no data to suggest that CSEs can be used to quantify aspiration or make adequate recommendations regarding patient care.     

颅内动脉瘤栓塞后并发脑缺血的原因分析

1 临床资料我们总结2004-02/2004-06在第四军医大学唐都医院神经外科住院行栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤患者27(男12,女15)例,年龄32～72岁.