Deficiency of the Hck and Src tyrosine kinases results in extreme levels of extramedullary hematopoiesis

Expression of the Src-family kinases--Src, Hck, and Fgr--increases dramatically during myeloid cell development. Src-deficient mice exhibit functional abnormalities in only one myeloid cell type, the osteoclast, resulting in impaired bone remodeling and osteopetrosis, while hck-/- or fgr-/- mice have few and subtle myeloid cell deficiencies. To determine whether these limited phenotypes are due to the coexpression of multiple Src-family kinases with overlapping functions, we have intercrossed src-/- mice to hck-/- and fgr-/- mutants to produce double mutants. Two thirds of hck-/- src-/- double mutants die at birth; surviving animals develop a severe form of osteopetrosis, resulting in extreme levels of splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis, anemia, and leukopenia. These hematopoietic defects are caused by abnormalities in the bone marrow environment because hck-/- src-/- mutant stem cells reconstitute a normal hematopoietic system in irradiated wild-type mice. In contrast, fgr-/- src-/- double mutants have no defects beyond those observed in src-/- animals. Cultured normal murine osteoclasts express abundant amounts of Src, Hck, and Fgr and Hck levels are increased in src-/- osteoclasts. These observations suggest that Hck and Src serve partially overlapping functions in osteoclasts and that the expression of Hck in src-/- osteoclasts ameliorates their functional defects.     

高频宽景成像超声在战士训练伤中的诊断意义

目的：探讨高频宽景成像超声在战士训练伤中的诊断意义。方法：对驻地120名因训练伤前来就诊的战士进行超声检查，其影像结果均经MR或临床证实。结果：高频超声对液性病变的诊断符合率为100%，具有独特的优势；在肌肉及肌腱的损伤诊断中，符合率分别为77.4%和92.6%。结论：超声检查操作简单，携带方便，在战时、野外或无昂贵检查设备的条件下，超声成为应急诊断的重要手段之一。     

维生素C对大鼠实验性根尖周炎影响的初步研究

目的：探讨维生素 C 对大鼠实验性根尖周炎形成过程的影响。方法：选用100只8周龄 Wistar雄性大鼠，髓腔直接暴露法建立根尖周炎模型，将大鼠分成维生素 C 干预组（0．1、0．5、1．0 mg/mL 维生素 C 灌胃）及对照组，术后1、3、7、14、21 d处死，通过 X线测量法和 HE 染色观察根尖周病变的大小和组织学变化。结果：维生素 C 干预组和对照组根尖透射区的面积从3 d开始增大，呈时间依赖性，21 d时透射面积到达高峰。术后7、14、21 d维生素C 干预组的根尖透射区的面积均小于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05），其中0．1 mg/mL组根尖透射区的面积明显小于其它各组（P＜0．05）。术后7、14、21 d 维生素 C 干预各组骨吸收陷窝数及牙槽骨破坏范围均小于对照组。结论：全身应用维生素 C 对抑制大鼠根尖周炎的进展有一定的作用。     

Implementation of a multidisciplinary guideline‐driven approach to the care of the extremely premature infant improved hospital outcomes

Aim: To test the hypothesis that implementing guidelines for the standardized care of the extremely premature infant (<27 weeks) in the first week of life would improve patient outcomes in an all referral NICU. Methods: Data were collected on all infants <27 weeks gestational age and <7 days of age on admission cared for using these small baby guidelines (SBG), as well as on all age‐matched infants admitted the year prior (comparison). Results: Thirty‐seven patients were cared for utilizing the SBG and 40 patients were in the comparison group. There were no differences between the groups in gestational age, birthweight or age on admission. There was no difference in survival to discharge (73% SBG, 70% comparison). The mean length of stay for survivors was 112 ± 38 days SBG and 145 ± 76 days (p < 0.05) comparison group. Survival without BPD was greater in the SBG group (24%) than in the comparison group (9%; p < 0.05), and survival without severe IVH was greater in the SBG group (65%) than in the comparison group (38%; p < 0.01). Conclusions: These data demonstrate that applying a unified approach to the care of the extremely premature infant in the first week of life resulted in a decrease in the length of hospitalization and improved patient outcomes.     

男性生殖器疣中人乳头瘤病毒基因分型研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是全球最常见的性传播疾病(STD)之一。近年来研究证实HPV感染与男性生殖器疣和恶性肿瘤同样具有密切关系。本文就男性HPV感染的近况以及HPV的基因分型在男性生殖器疣中的研究进展作一综述。     

Anemia and blood transfusion and outcome on the intensive care unit

The observation of Sakr and colleagues that transfusion may be beneficial in certain subgroups of intensive care unit (ICU) patients [1] is interesting, since large observational studies demonstrate that transfusion is independently associated with an increased risk of death [2]. Also, a systematic review showed that the benefits of transfusion in the ICU do not outweigh the risks [3]. Sakr and colleagues ascribe their discrepant results to the fact that transfused blood was leukoreduced. Of the 17 randomized controlled trials on the association of nonleukoreduced blood with mortality, however, a benefit of leukoreduction was found only in cardiac surgery patients [4]. A meta-analysis confirmed that available evidence does not justify universal leukoreduction [5].     

1 003例中医体质类型流行病学调查分析

目的:初步了解安徽省自然人群的中医体质类型分布状况。方法:采用标准化的9种中医体质量表对1 003例自然人群实施横断面现状调查。结果:平和质561例,单纯偏颇体质247例,兼夹偏颇体质195例。8种偏颇体质总的分布状况是,气虚质最多(235例,单纯气虚质与兼夹体质中气虚质例数之和,下同),其次为湿热质(128例)、气郁质(122例)、痰湿质(80例);阳虚质(71例)、阴虚质(52例)和瘀血质(42例)最少,阴虚质与瘀血质主要出现在兼夹体质中。结论:9种体质在人群中的分布存在一定的差异性,兼夹体质在人群中占有一定的比例。     

结肠癌和直肠癌危险因素的巢式病例对照研究

目的：探讨结肠癌和直肠癌的危险因素。方法：应用巢式病例对照研究方法,对一个6万余人队列随访10年队列中196例新发结、直肠癌病例作为病例组;从该队列中随机抽取980名正常人作为对照组,对有关暴露因素进行单因素分析和多因素非条件logistic回归分析,结果：年龄在病例组和对照之间差异有显著性,病例组年龄高于对照组,且结肠癌的发病年龄高于直肠癌。多因素分析表明,除年龄外,粘液血便中、肠息肉史与结肠癌关系密切,OR值分别为：2．961（95％CI：1．202－7．298）和8．941（95％CI：1．820－43．926）,饮用混合水与直肠癌的OR值为1．823（95％CI:1．024－3．247）。结论：结、直肠癌的危险因素不尽相同。除年龄是结、直肠癌发病的一个共同重要因素外,肠息肉史和粘液血便史与结肠癌有关联,而饮用混合水则与直肠癌关系密切。     

超抗原与T细胞的作用

超抗原不需要抗原提呈细胞的加工处理,以MHCII类分子依赖或非依赖的方式递呈,结合于TCR的Vβ而激活T细胞,使其发生增殖、凋亡和免疫无反应性。研究超抗原与T细胞的作用,将有助于探讨淋巴细胞对自身抗原的耐受机制,HIV致病的机理,以及超抗原在肿瘤免疫治疗中的安全应用等。