全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19976篇 |
免费 | 909篇 |
国内免费 | 123篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 174篇 |
儿科学 | 328篇 |
妇产科学 | 144篇 |
基础医学 | 2462篇 |
口腔科学 | 403篇 |
临床医学 | 1448篇 |
内科学 | 5633篇 |
皮肤病学 | 329篇 |
神经病学 | 1591篇 |
特种医学 | 990篇 |
外科学 | 3489篇 |
综合类 | 106篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 432篇 |
眼科学 | 343篇 |
药学 | 1166篇 |
中国医学 | 31篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1938篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 123篇 |
2022年 | 204篇 |
2021年 | 387篇 |
2020年 | 208篇 |
2019年 | 255篇 |
2018年 | 384篇 |
2017年 | 297篇 |
2016年 | 301篇 |
2015年 | 383篇 |
2014年 | 475篇 |
2013年 | 579篇 |
2012年 | 812篇 |
2011年 | 1051篇 |
2010年 | 538篇 |
2009年 | 461篇 |
2008年 | 824篇 |
2007年 | 934篇 |
2006年 | 878篇 |
2005年 | 846篇 |
2004年 | 901篇 |
2003年 | 921篇 |
2002年 | 931篇 |
2001年 | 639篇 |
2000年 | 654篇 |
1999年 | 611篇 |
1998年 | 256篇 |
1997年 | 238篇 |
1996年 | 187篇 |
1995年 | 178篇 |
1994年 | 184篇 |
1993年 | 124篇 |
1992年 | 508篇 |
1991年 | 385篇 |
1990年 | 422篇 |
1989年 | 415篇 |
1988年 | 394篇 |
1987年 | 356篇 |
1986年 | 337篇 |
1985年 | 367篇 |
1984年 | 213篇 |
1983年 | 202篇 |
1982年 | 95篇 |
1979年 | 172篇 |
1978年 | 103篇 |
1977年 | 113篇 |
1975年 | 91篇 |
1973年 | 101篇 |
1971年 | 90篇 |
1969年 | 97篇 |
1968年 | 105篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 966 毫秒
11.
12.
13.
Masafumi Yamaguchi Ichiro Yoshino Toshifumi Kameyama Atsushi Osoegawa Tetsuzo Tagawa Tomofumi Yohena Yoshihiko Maehara 《Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2007,13(3):156-158
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of small-bore, silastic drains for patients undergoing general thoracic surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients who received soft, small-bore, silastic drains were compared with 17 patients who received semi-rigid double lumen (DL) tubes retrospectively. RESULTS: The pain score was significantly lower in patients who received the silastic tubes in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) cases on postoperative days 5 and 6 , after continuous epidural analgesia had finished (P=0.018). No specific morbidity was seen in the patients who received silastic tubes. CONCLUSION: We considered that soft, small-bore silastic drains were just as effective as traditional DL tubes, but caused less pain especially in VATS cases. 相似文献
14.
Yukinori Sakao Toru Sakuragi Yuji Takeda Masafumi Natsuaki Tsuyoshi Itoh 《General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2003,51(10):537-540
We experienced a rare case of giant cell tumor (GCT) arising in the 5th rib involving the 5th vertebral body and transverse process. A 57-year-old man presented with a well-defined mass in the left thoracic cavity on chest x ray examination. Chest computed tomography showed a heterogeneous 7cm-diameter mass originating in the posterior segment of the left 5th rib. The tumor had spread to the 5th thoracic vertebra destroying the left half of the body and transverse process. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a heterogeneous-intensity mass involving the 4th to 6th ribs. A radical excision of the tumor followed by a 50 Gy radiotherapy was performed after embolization of the feeding arteries. The pathological diagnosis was a GCT. The patient remains well without evidence of recurrence for 6 years following surgery. The present case is only the 14th case of GCT arising in the rib to have been reported in Japan. 相似文献
15.
M Oishi H Yokoyama N Abe K Iwasaki F Okuguchi K Kawai H Sugimoto H Takamura H Takeda K Doi K Hirao S Ikeda 《Diabetic medicine》2007,24(10):1149-1155
AIMS: To study the time and cost involved in the care of newly registered outpatients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), compared with patients with hypertension and/or hyperlipidaemia (HTL). METHODS: A total of 313 patients with DM and 58 patients with HTL without diabetes were registered on their first visits to 11 diabetes clinics across Japan. The time and cost involved in their care was recorded over the following 5 months. RESULTS: In the first 3 months, there was an extensive time commitment to both groups. The time spent by physicians was 1.5 times longer for DM than for HTL. The total care time spent by all the care providers for DM was twice that for HTL. The cost of DM care was twice that for HTL, with the cost of medicines excluded. However, half of the cost for DM was for laboratory tests. When these were excluded, and the remaining cost divided by the time spent, the amount for DM was half of that for HTL. Over the 5 months, mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) in DM patients improved from 8.0% to 6.5%, and 72% of DM patients achieved the glycaemic target of HbA(1c) < or = 6.5%. CONCLUSIONS: DM care in a diabetes clinic requires a great deal more time and resources than HTL to achieve the best outcome. An educational system for self care, presently lacking in the primary care setting in Japan, would improve glycaemic control for DM patients in the community. 相似文献
16.
Yoshimasa Sakamoto Kazuhiro Hashimoto Hiroshi Okuyama Shinichi Ishii Takahiro Inoue Katsushi Kinouchi Takayuki Abe 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2005,53(9):465-469
Objective The objective of the present study was to compare long-term results of single aortic valve replacement (AVR) with mechanical
(St. Jude Medical valves: standard) and biologic (the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial) prostheses. Method: Between 1995 and 2002, 95 patients who underwent single AVR with mechanical (n=46) or biologic (n=49) prostheses were enrolled
in this study. The mean age at the operation was 54.0±9.6 years (range: 20 to 69 years) with the mechanical and 68.8±7.1 years
(range: 44 to 85 years) with the biologic prosthesis. Results: The 9-year actuarial survival rate, which was calculated by taking perioperative mortality into account, was 90.3±4.6% for
patients with mechanical valves and 87.6 ±4.8% for patients with bioprostheses, with no difference between the two groups
(p=0.342). The 9-year freedom rate from thromboembolism, reoperation, endocarditis was 94.8+3.6%, 100% and 97.8 ±2.2% for
patients with mechanical valves and 98.0 ±2.0%, 97.5 ±3.4% and 95.0 ±3.4% for those with bioprostheses, respectively. After
9 years, freedom from cardiac death averaged 97.8% in the group with mechanical valves compared with 95.3% in those with bioprostheses
(p=0.541). Conclusion: We conclude that the mid-term durability of the Carpentier-Edwards pericardial valve in the aortic position for the elderly
is excellent. Nevertheless, the risk of tissue valve reoperation progressively increases with time, and a longer follow-up
may be necessary to provide its value compared with the mechanical valves in a country like Japan with a high life expectancy.
(Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 53:465-469) 相似文献
17.
18.
Mana Ichimura Koichi Hiratsuka Naomi Ogura Tadahiko Utsunomiya Hiroyuki Sakamaki Toshirou Kondoh Yoshimitsu Abiko Shigeo Otake Masafumi Yamamoto 《Journal of oral pathology & medicine》2006,35(3):167-174
BACKGROUND: To understand the immunopathological features of oral lichen planus (OLP), we analyzed the expression of chemokines in the epithelial cell layers. Methods: Epithelia from OLP or healthy gingiva were collected by laser microdissection. The chemokine and chemokine receptor expressions in the epithelia were analyzed by DNA microarray. RESULTS: High levels of MIP-3alpha/LARC/CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 were expressed in the lesional epithelia. Furthermore, DC-CK1/CCL18, ELC/CCL19, SDF-1/CXCL12 and CXCR4 expressions were also increased. Immunohistologial analysis showed that high numbers of Langerhans cells (LCs) were present in the epithelia of OLP. Lesional epithelia also expressed high levels of the ligands specific for CXCR3 (e.g. MIG/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10 and I-TAC/CXCL11) and CCR5 (e.g. RANTES/CCL5). CONCLUSIONS: Infiltration of LCs is orchestrated by CCR6. Further, LCs residing in the lesional epithelia may be a mature phenotype. Moreover, infiltration of T cells in OLP could be mediated by signaling pathways through CXCR3 and CCR5. 相似文献
19.
Masafumi Kumano Hideaki Miyake Isao Hara Junya Furukawa Atsushi Takenaka Masato Fujisawa 《International journal of urology》2007,14(4):336-338
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for patients with advanced extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCT). METHODS: Six male patients with advanced non-seminomatous EGGCT were treated with HDCT combined with PBSCT following 2-3 cycles of conventional-dose induction chemotherapy. The regimens used for HDCT were carboplatin, etoposide and ifosfamide (ICE) in five patients and ICE plus paclitaxel (T-ICE) in one patient, and that for induction therapy was cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin (PEB) in all patients. As a rule, HDCT was continuously administered until alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin normalized (beta-HCG). RESULTS: Following 1-6 courses of HDCT (median, 4 courses), beta-HCG and AFP were normalized in all patients, and five and one patient were diagnosed as showing partial remission and stable disease, respectively. Five patients underwent surgical resection of residual tumors after HDCT, yielding necrotic tissue in two, mature teratoma in two, and viable cancer tissue in one, and the surgical margin was negative in all patients. At a median follow-up of 36 months, five patients were alive and disease-free, whereas the remaining one died of disease progression. Although all patients had grade 3 hematological toxicity, there was no treatment-related death by combining PBSCT. CONCLUSIONS: First-line HDCT with PBSCT could be safely administered to patients with advanced EGGCT, and the antitumor effect of this treatment was comparatively favorable. First-line HDCT therefore may represent an attractive option for patients with advanced EGGCT. 相似文献
20.
Katsuyoshi Habiro Hiroaki Shimmura Sakiko Kobayashi Motoko Kotani Yasuo Ishida Kazunari Tanabe Hiroshi Toma Ryo Abe 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(4):702-711
Previously, we reported that allogeneic skin grafts were rapidly rejected by CD28 and CD40 ligand double deficient mice mediated by CD8+ T cells. These results indicated that some elements in addition to CD28- and CD40-mediated costimulation provide stimulatory signals for the activation of donor-specific CD8+ T cells. In this report, we investigated the role of inflammation associated with transplantation on costimulation-independent priming of CD8+ T cell during graft rejection. B6 RAG1 KO mice were transplanted with BALB/c-skin and adoptively transferred with syngeneic CD8+ T cells the same day or 50 days after transplantation. When blockade of CD28- and CD40-mediated costimulation failed to prevent acute rejection of freshly transplanted skin grafts, it efficiently delayed rejection of well-healed skin grafts. These results showed that factors associated with transplantation have essential roles in inducing costimulation blockade-resistant allograft rejection. Costimulation blockade failed to prevent acute graft-infiltration of NK cells and increasing expression of intragraft IL-12 and IL-15. These factors may trigger the graft-infiltration and priming of CD8+ T cells to induce costimulation blockade-resistant allograft rejection. 相似文献