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991.
992.
Anne Marie Vaalburg MSc Petra Boersma PhD Elizabeth M. Wattel MSc Johannes C. F. Ket Cees M. P. M. Hertogh PhD MD Robbert J. J. Gobbens PhD MScN FEANS 《International journal of older people nursing》2023,18(4):e12542
Background
Nurses are consistently present throughout the rehabilitation of older patients but are apprehensive about performing goal-centred care in the multidisciplinary team.Objectives
The aim of this review was to explore working interventions on setting goals and working with goals designed for nurses in geriatric rehabilitation, and to describe their distinctive features.Methods
We performed a scoping review. We searched MEDLINE and CINAHL through August 4, 2021. Search terms related to the following themes: nurses, rehabilitation, geriatric, goal and method. We used snowballing to find additional. From the selected studies, we systematically extracted data on means, materials and the nursing role and summarized them in a narrative synthesis, using intervention component analysis.Results
The study includes 13 articles, describing 11 interventions which were developed for six different aims: improving multidisciplinary team care; increasing patient centredness; improving disease management by patients; improving the psychological, and emotional rehabilitation; increasing the nursing involvement in rehabilitation; or helping patients to achieve goals. The interventions appeal to four aspects of the nursing profession: assessing self-care skills incorporating patient's preferences; setting goals with patients, taking into account personal needs and what is medically advisable; linking the needs of the patient with multidisciplinary professional treatment and vice versa; and thus, playing an intermediate role and supporting goal achievement.Conclusions
The interventions show that in goal-centred care, the nurse might play an important unifying role between patients and the multidisciplinary team. With the support of nurses, the patient may become more aware of the rehabilitation process and transfer of ownership of treatment goals from the multidisciplinary team to the patient might be achieved. Not many interventions were found meant to support the nursing role. This may indicate a blind spot in the rehabilitation community to the additional value of its contribution. 相似文献993.
7 tesla magnetic resonance imaging: A closer look at substantia nigra anatomy in Parkinson's disease 下载免费PDF全文
Stéphane Lehéricy MD PhD Eric Bardinet PhD Cyril Poupon PhD Marie Vidailhet MD Chantal François PhD 《Movement disorders》2014,29(13):1574-1581
A hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the progressive neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Dopaminergic denervation is commonly imaged using radiotracer imaging in target structures such as the striatum. Until recently, imaging made only a modest contribution to detecting neurodegenerative changes in the substantia nigra (SN) directly. Histologically, the SN is subdivided into the ventral pars reticulata and the dorsal pars compacta, which is composed of dopaminergic neurons. In humans, dopaminergic neurons, which are known to accumulate neuromelanin, form clusters of cells (nigrosomes) that penetrate deep into the SN pars reticulata (SNr). The SNr contains higher levels of iron than the SNc in normal subjects. Neuromelanin and T2*‐weighted imaging therefore better detect the SNc and the SNr, respectively. The development of ultra‐high field 7 Tesla (7T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provided the increase in spatial resolution and in contrast that was needed to detect changes in SN morphology. 7T MRI allows visualization of nigrosome‐1 as a hyperintense signal area on T2*‐weighted images in the SNc of healthy subjects and its absence in PD patients, probably because of the loss of melanized neurons and the increase of iron deposition. This review is designed to provide a better understanding of the correspondence between the outlines and subdivisions of the SN detected using different MRI contrasts and the histological organization of the SN. The recent findings obtained at 7T will then be presented in relation to histological knowledge. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
994.
995.
Geurt Stokman Yu Qin Tijmen H. Booij Sreenivasa Ramaiahgari Marie Lacombe M. Emmy M. Dolman Kim M.A. van Dorenmalen Gwendoline J.D. Teske Sandrine Florquin Frank Schwede Bob van de Water Robbert J. Kok Leo S. Price 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2014,25(7):1474-1485
Activation of Rap1 by exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) promotes cell adhesion and actin cytoskeletal polarization. Pharmacologic activation of Epac-Rap signaling by the Epac-selective cAMP analog 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury reduces renal failure and application of 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP promotes renal cell survival during exposure to the nephrotoxicant cisplatin. Here, we found that activation of Epac by 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP reduced production of reactive oxygen species during reoxygenation after hypoxia by decreasing mitochondrial superoxide production. Epac activation prevented disruption of tubular morphology during diethyl maleate–induced oxidative stress in an organotypic three-dimensional culture assay. In vivo renal targeting of 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP to proximal tubules using a kidney-selective drug carrier approach resulted in prolonged activation of Rap1 compared with nonconjugated 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP. Activation of Epac reduced antioxidant signaling during IR injury and prevented tubular epithelial injury, apoptosis, and renal failure. Our data suggest that Epac1 decreases reactive oxygen species production by preventing mitochondrial superoxide formation during IR injury, thus limiting the degree of oxidative stress. These findings indicate a new role for activation of Epac as a therapeutic application in renal injury associated with oxidative stress.Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is an important cause of AKI1 and a significant risk factor for the development of renal dysfunction after kidney transplantation.2 During IR injury, morphologic and functional alterations of the proximal tubular epithelium occur that are linked to the development of renal failure and activation of immune cells via release of proinflammatory cytokines.3Exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap1.4 Activation of Epac by cAMP or by the Epac-selective cAMP analog 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP (also referred to as 007) induces functional activation of Rap1.5 Initial studies showed that Epac-Rap signaling enhances cell adhesion by supporting maturation of cell-cell junctions6,7 and promoting integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesion.8,9 In line with these studies, we recently demonstrated that selective activation of Epac reduces proximal tubular epithelial cell (PTEC) detachment during IR injury using in vitro and in vivo models.10 Activation of Epac-Rap was associated with reduced expression of markers for cellular stress in PTECs. In addition, in vitro cisplatin-induced apoptosis of PTECs could be significantly reduced by activation of Epac and this was also associated with improved adhesion of cells.11 On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that activation of Epac-Rap signaling may protect against a common cytotoxic event in these injury models.Unbalanced and uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important mediator of cell injury and occurs during cisplatin nephrotoxicity,12 IR injury,13 and renal fibrosis.14 In renal pathology, intracellular ROS can be produced enzymatically such as by NADPH oxidase (NOX) complexes or derive from dysfunctional mitochondrial activity. Mitochondrial ROS production appears to be the driving force behind hypoxia-reoxygenation cell injury15 and cisplatin cytotoxicity.16Here we studied the role of specific proximal tubular activation of Epac and how this protects against renal injury in both in vitro and in vivo models for IR injury. We found that ROS production during reoxygenation after hypoxia was decreased by activation of Epac. Selective proximal tubular activation of Epac by renal targeting of 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP conjugated to lysozyme (LZM-007) reduced oxidative stress in an in vivo model for IR injury and significantly decreased IR injury–associated renal failure and tubular damage. Our data show that Epac activation reduces ROS-mediated cellular injury in renal disease and may be a therapeutic strategy for modulation of oxidative stress. 相似文献
996.
Dean B. Andropoulos Hasan B. Ahmad Taha Haq Ken Brady Stephen A. Stayer Marcie R. Meador Jill V. Hunter Carlos Rivera Robert G. Voigt Marie Turcich Cathy Q. He Lara S. Shekerdemian Heather A. Dickerson Charles D. Fraser E. Dean McKenzie Jeffrey S. Heinle R. Blaine Easley 《Paediatric anaesthesia》2014,24(3):266-274
997.
998.
Matthew P. Bradstreet Stephen T. Higgins F. Joseph McClernon Rachel V. Kozink Joan M. Skelly Yukiko Washio Alexa A. Lopez Marie A. Parry 《Psychopharmacology》2014,231(10):2145-2158
Rationale
Research is needed on initial smoking abstinence and relapse risk.Objective
This study aims to investigate the effects of different durations of initial abstinence on sensitivity to smoking-related stimuli and response inhibition in the context of a larger battery of outcome measures.Methods
Smokers were randomly assigned to receive payment contingent on smoking abstinence across all 15 study days (15C) or just the final 2 days (2C). Smoking status and subject ratings were assessed daily. Participants completed fMRI sessions at baseline and day 14 during which they completed craving ratings after exposure to smoking-related and neutral stimuli and performed a response inhibition task. On day 15, participants completed a smoking preference session involving 20 exclusive choices between smoking and money.Results
The payment contingencies were effective in producing greater smoking abstinence in the 15C vs. 2C conditions. Ratings of withdrawal decreased, while ratings of ease and confidence in abstaining increased in the 15C vs. 2C conditions across the 15-day study. 15C participants were less likely to choose the smoking option in the preference session. 15C participants reported greater reductions in craving compared to the 2C participants in the presence of smoking-related and neutral stimuli (i.e., decreases in generalized craving), but no differences were noted in cue reactivity per se or in response inhibition.Conclusions
Results systematically replicate prior observations that a period 2 weeks of initial abstinence decreases the relative reinforcing effects of smoking and improves other outcomes associated with relapse risk compared to the initial day or two of a cessation effort, and extends them by underscoring the importance of generalized rather than cue-induced craving in relation to relapse risk during the initial weeks of smoking cessation. 相似文献999.
Assessment of the genotoxic and carcinogenic potentials of 3‐aminothiophene derivatives using in vitro and in silico methodologies 下载免费PDF全文
Alban Lepailleur Ronan Bureau Marie‐Pierre Halm‐Lemeille Michel Bouquet Régis Pecquet Christine Paris‐Soubayrol Jérémie Le. Goff Véronique André Yannick Lecluse Pierre Lebailly Marie‐Aline Maire Paule Vasseur 《Journal of applied toxicology : JAT》2014,34(7):775-786
Thiophene derivatives, a class of compounds widely used in products such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals or dyestuffs, represent chemicals of concern. Indeed, the thiophene ring is often considered as a structural moiety that may be involved in toxic effects in humans. We primarily focus on the genotoxic/mutagenic and carcinogenic potentials of the methyl 3‐amino‐4‐methylthiophene‐2‐carboxylate (1), a precursor of the articaine local anesthetic (4) which falls within the scope of the European REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of CHemicals) legislation. To discern some structure–toxicity relationships, we also studied two related compounds, namely the 3‐amino 4‐methylthiophene (2) and the 2‐acetyl 4‐chlorothiophene (3). Techniques employed to assess mutagenic and DNA‐damaging effects involved the Salmonella mutagenicity assay (or Ames test) and the single‐cell gel electrophoresis assay (or Comet assay). In the range of tested doses, none of these derivatives led to a positive response in the Ames tests and DNA damage was only observed in the Comet assay after high concentration exposure of 2. The study of their carcinogenic potential using the in vitro SHE (Syrian Hamster Embryo) cell transformation assay (CTA) highlighted the activity of compound 2. A combination of experimental data with in silico predictions of the reactivity of thiophene derivatives towards cytochrome P450 (CYP450), enabled us to hypothesize possible pathways leading to these toxicological profiles. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
1000.
[18F]DPA‐C5yne,a novel fluorine‐18‐labelled analogue of DPA‐714: radiosynthesis and preliminary evaluation as a radiotracer for imaging neuroinflammation with PET 下载免费PDF全文
Bertrand Kuhnast Annelaure Damont Géraldine Pottier Marie‐Anne Peyronneau Michael Kassiou Frank Marguet Frédéric Puech Raphaël Boisgard Frédéric Dollé 《Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals》2014,57(6):410-418
DPA‐C5yne, the lead compound of a novel series of DPA‐714 derivatives in which the fluoroethoxy chain linked to the phenylpyrazolopyrimidine scaffold has been replaced by a fluoroalkyn‐1‐yl moiety, is a high affinity (Ki: 0.35 nM) and selective ligand targeting the translocator protein 18 kDa. In the present work, DPA‐C5yne was labelled with no‐carrier‐added [18F]fluoride based on a one‐step tosyloxy‐for‐fluorine nucleophilic substitution reaction, purified by cartridge and HPLC, and formulated as an i.v. injectable solution using a TRACERLab FX N Pro synthesizer. Typically, 4.3–5.2 GBq of [18F]DPA‐C5yne, ready‐to‐use, chemically and radiochemically pure (> 95%), was obtained with specific radioactivities ranging from 55 to 110 GBq/µmol within 50–60 min, starting from a 30 GBq [18F]fluoride batch (14–17%). LogP and LogD of [18F]DPA‐C5yne were measured using the shake‐flask method and values of 2.39 and 2.51 were found, respectively. Autoradiography studies performed on slices of ((R,S)‐α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolopropionique (AMPA)‐lesioned rat brains showed a high target‐to‐background ratio (1.9 ± 0.3). Selectivity and specificity of the binding for the translocator protein was demonstrated using DPA‐C5yne (unlabelled), PK11195 and Flumazenil (central benzodiazepine receptor ligand) as competitors. Furthermore, DPA‐C5yne proved to be stable in plasma at 37°C for at least 90 min. 相似文献