Eigenschaften des instabilen Hb Wien

Zusammenfassung Hb Wien besitzt als elektrophoretisch schnell wanderndes instabiles Hämoglobin im Vergleich zu manchen anderen instabilen Varianten einige abweichende Eigenschaften. Diese bestehen in kaum erhöhter Spontanoxydation und einem praktisch normalen Methämoglobinspektrum. Die in der Cyanmethämoglobinform nicht vom HbA₁ abweichende Hitzeempfindlichkeit ist wahrscheinlich auf den stabilisierenden Effekt der Ligandenbildung mit Cyanid zurückzuführen. Das fetale Hämoglobin entspricht quantitativ und in der intracellulären Verteilung anderen bei instabilen Varianten mitgeteilten Befunden. Das HbA₂ ist normal.     

The BIAS FREE Framework: a new analytical tool for global health research

OBJECTIVE: To test the applicability of the BIAS FREE Framework in African settings. PARTICIPANTS: Researchers from the Tanzanian National Institute for Medical Research, university and community-based researchers from Tanzania, the Gambia and South Africa. SETTING: National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam--Tanzania. INTERVENTION: An intensive two-day workshop to examine the applicability of the BIAS FREE Framework within an African setting. This involved clarification of the following concepts: construction of knowledge, objectivity, logic of domination, hierarchy, power, sex and gender, disability, and race/ethnicity. The Framework identifies three types of bias problems that derive from social hierarchies based on gender, race and disability: maintaining hierarchy, failing to examine differences, and using double standards. Participants used the 20 diagnostic questions at the heart of the Framework to analyze various research publications, including some authored by participants. OUTCOMES: Participants uniformly stated that the Framework is useful for uncovering bias in public health research, policy and programs; that it is immediately applicable in their work settings; and that doing so would improve equity in research and, ultimately, in health. One participant re-analyzed published data using the Framework and submitted a supplementary report with some new recommendations. IMPLICATIONS: The applicability of the BIAS FREE Framework has been demonstrated in diverse settings. It is now being offered for broader application as a tool for uncovering and eliminating biases in health research that derive from social hierarchies and for addressing the persistence of global health inequities.