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81.
Long-Term Enteral Feeding: A Retrospective Comparison of Delivery via Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy and Nasoenteric Tubes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David E. Fay M.D. Maurice Poplausky M.D. Marcia Gruber R.N. Peter Lance M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1991,86(11):1604-1609
The use of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes for enteral feeding is widespread, although their superiority to other feeding devices, such as nasoenteric tubes (NET), has not been substantiated. We retrospectively compared clinical outcomes in patients who received enteral feeding via PEG (n = 80) or NET (n = 29) from 1984 to 1988. Mean follow-up was 192 days in the PEG group and 141 days in the NET group. Changes in nutritional and performance status were similar in both groups. Aspiration pneumonia occurred within 14 days of tube placement in 6% and 24% (p = 0.01) of the PEG and NET patients, respectively. With the exception of tube replacement, cumulative rates of minor and major complications (including aspiration pneumonia) were similar in both groups during follow-up. None of the clinical variables that were assessed correlated with the development of aspiration pneumonia. Mortality was similar in both groups. These results suggest that, for long-term enteral feeding, PEG offers no substantial advantages over NET with respect to patient nutrition, performance, or survival. The reasons for the observed difference in short-term aspiration pneumonia rates are unknown, and must be investigated prospectively. 相似文献
82.
83.
Novaretti MC Fonseca GH Conchon M Dorlhiac-Llacer PE Chamone Dde A 《European journal of haematology》2003,71(6):455-458
Imatinib mesylate is a specific inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase activity secondary to bcr-abl, mostly indicated for the treatment of patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Generally, the undesirable effects of imatinib administration observed in clinical trials were of mild-to-moderate degree, and no haemolysis has been associated with this drug. We report here a case of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia associated to imatinib mesylate successfully treated with prednisone in a patient with CML. Laboratory investigation showed anaemia [haemoglobin (Hb) of 59 g/L], reticulocyte of 61 x 10(9)/L and a positive direct antiglobulin test. Anti-drug in vitro studies revealed a positive result with gel microcolumn assay by an adsorption mechanism. Seventy-four days after prednisone therapy, the patient's Hb level was of 110 g/L with negative direct antiglobulin test and drug in vitro studies. This case demonstrated that patients treated with imatinib mesylate can present immune-mediated haemolysis and adequate management of this event can be done maintaining the drug and associating corticosteroids. 相似文献
84.
85.
Diesel exhaust particulates affect cell signaling,mucin profiles,and apoptosis in trachea explants of Balb/C mice
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Robson Seriani Mara de Souza Junqueira Alessandra Choqueta de Toledo Milton Arruda Martins Marcelo Seckler Adriano Mesquita Alencar Elnara Marcia Negri Luiz Fernando Ferraz Silva Thaís Mauad Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva Mariangela Macchione 《Environmental toxicology》2015,30(11):1297-1308
Particulate matter from diesel exhaust (DEP) has toxic properties and can activate intracellular signaling pathways and induce metabolic changes. This study was conducted to evaluate the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and to analyze the mucin profile (acid (AB+), neutral (PAS+), or mixed (AB/PAS+) mucus) and vacuolization (V) of tracheal explants after treatment with 50 or 100 μg/mL DEP for 30 or 60 min. Western blot analyses showed small increases in ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation after 30 min of 100 μg/mL DEP treatment compared with the control. An increase in JNK phosphorylation was observed after 60 min of treatment with 50 μg/mL DEP compared with the control. We did not observe any change in the level of ERK1/2 phosphorylation after treatment with 50 μg/mL DEP. Other groups of tracheas were subjected to histological sectioning and stained with periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) reagent and Alcian Blue (AB). The stained tissue sections were then subjected to morphometric analysis. The results obtained were compared using ANOVA. Treatment with 50 μg/mL DEP for 30 min or 60 min showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in the amount of acid mucus, a reduction in neutral mucus, a significant reduction in mixed mucus, and greater vacuolization. Our results suggest that compounds found in DEPs are able to activate acid mucus production and enhance vacuolization and cell signaling pathways, which can lead to airway diseases. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 1297–1308, 2015. 相似文献
86.
Abstract: Point mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene appears to be an important event in tumor development and progression, and overexpression of the p53 gene product has been widely studied in a variety of neoplasms. Some point mutations of the p53 gene lead to an increase in half-life in the gene product, which accumulates in the nucleus and can be detected by immunohistochemical means. We studied overexpression of p53 protein in specimens from 12 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder, two gallbladders with epithelial dysplasia without carcinoma, eight carcinomas of the common bile duct, 13 hilar cholangiocarcinomas, and six peripheral cholangiocarcinomas. The monoclonal antibody Ab-2 (Oncogene Science) was used in conjunction with citrate microwave antigen retrieval. Nuclear staining was scored as positive (graded 1 to 3, depending on number of positive nuclei) or negative. Overexpression of p53 protein was present in 7/12 (58%) gallbladder carcinomas, and was seen more often in moderately or poorly differentiated tumors. Intramucosal carcinoma adjacent to invasive carcinoma was positive in three cases, although fewer cells stained than in the carcinoma. Two cases of low-grade dysplasia not associated with carcinoma were negative. Expression of p53 was not an independent prognostic factor when survival was related to grade and stage of tumor. Three of eight (38%) common bile duct carcinomas and 5/13 (38%) hilar cholangiocarcinomas were positive for p53. Slightly fewer (2/6, 33%) peripheral cholangiocarcinomas were positive. No difference in survival relative to p53 expression was demonstrated. 相似文献
87.
Safe integration of nelarabine into intensive chemotherapy in newly diagnosed T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Children's Oncology Group Study AALL0434
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Stuart S. Winter MD Kimberly P. Dunsmore MD Meenakshi Devidas PhD Nancy Eisenberg MPH Barbara L. Asselin MD Brent L. Wood MD PhD Marcia S. Leonard RN RN PNP John Murphy Pharm D Julie M. Gastier‐Foster PhD Andrew J. Carroll PhD Nyla A. Heerema PhD Mignon L. Loh MD Elizabeth A. Raetz MD Naomi J. Winick MD William L. Carroll MD Stephen P. Hunger MD 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2015,62(7):1176-1183
88.
Using a sample of 60 healthy older adults attending senior centers, this study examines elders’ perceptions of the consequences
of hip fracture, reports of their physical health, feelings of efficacy in avoiding falls, and reports of depression. Results
indicate that these active older adults generally do not feel vulnerable to hip fracture and expect to recover and regain
mobility and independence in a timely fashion should they suffer a hip fracture. Moreover, elders in the study who do not
view hip fracture as having substantial negative impact on their lives also report lower levels of depression and higher levels
of perceived falls efficacy than do elders who view future hip fracture as a more debilitating health event. Study results
are discussed in the context of theories of perceived invulnerability as a form of adaptive coping for elders. Implications
of findings for caregivers, researchers, and practitioners are also discussed.
Catherine H. Stein, Ph.D. is a clinical-community psychologist whose research focuses on marginalized population. 相似文献
89.
90.
Characterization of cleaning and disinfecting tasks and product use among hospital occupations
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