注射用头孢曲松钠／舒巴坦钠（4：1）健康人体单次给药药动学研究

目的评价中国健康男性受试者单次静脉滴注头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）的药动学特点。方法12名受试者按拉丁法随机分为3组，先后静脉滴注头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）注射液1．25、2．50和3．75g，采用高效液相色谱法测定给药后不同时间头孢曲松和舒巴坦的血、尿浓度，求得主要药动学参数。结果受试者静脉滴注头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）注射液1．25、2．50和3．75g后，所计算的药动学参数：头孢曲松的Cmax分别是（129．89±17．01）、（220．37±22．38）和（287．12±27．18）mg／L；AUC（0-∞）分别为（1204．81±296．45）、（1850．92±271．04）和（2339．23±387．59）mg·h／L；t1/2β分别是（8．01±1．40）、（8．31±0．82）和（8．28±1．16）h；CL／F分别是（O．48±0．27）、（O．53±0．32）和（0.69±0．31）L／h；V／F分别是（2．82±1．36）、（3．01±1．55）和（3．61±1．21）；舒巴坦的Cmax分别是（9．59±3．12）、（18．79±2．88）和（28．14±6．92）mg／L；AUC（0-∞）分别（17．53±7．09）、（33．19±359）和（51．22±7．89）mg·h／L；t1／2β分别是（1．14±0．20）、（1．18±0．13）和（1．12±0．15）h；CL／F分别是（20．67±9．95）、（17．01±5．96）和（17．42±2．96）L／h；V／F分别是（10．49±10．06）、（10．54±4，11）和（9．02±6．55）．除Cmax和AUC（0-∞）外，其他参数经统计学处理．没有显著性差异（P〉0.05）。受试者静脉滴注1．25g、2．5g、3．75g的头孢曲松／舒巴坦（4：1）后．头孢曲松的72h后尿中的原形药物累积排泄百分率分别是（40．30±10．19）%、（45．92±11．12）%和（45．60±13．06）％，舒巴坦12h后尿中的原形药物累积排泄百分率分别是（72．29±3．46）%、（70．76±10．00）%和（71．06±5．58）%。结论根据药动学计算参数．我们认为将头孢曲松钠和舒巴钠按比例（4：1）组成注射用复方制剂，两种药物的药动学特征均未发生改变．两组分间无药物动力学的相互作用。     

健康促进对产后抑郁症患者生活质量影响的研究

目的 探讨健康促进对产后抑郁症患者生活质量的影响.方法 将182例产后抑郁症患者随机分为实验组与对照组,每组各91例,实验组施行健康促进,对照组只实行常规护理,24 w后采用生活质量量表(SF-36QOL)测定其生活质量.结果 实验组生活质量非常显著高于对照组(P＜0.001).结论 健康促进提高了产后抑郁症患者的生活质量.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the effects and mechanisms of apple polysaccharides(AP) on tumorigenesis in a mouse model of colitis-associated colon cancer. METHODS AP was obtained from apple pomace and its protective efficacy was evaluated on carcinogenesis in a mouse model of colitis-associated colon cancer induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The effects of AP on TLR4/MyD88/NF-??B pathway were measured using immunohistochemistry , ELISA and Western blot.The serum were collected and TNF-?? was measured by ELISA kits. RESULTS After 20 weeks of continuous treatment, the incidence of colon cancer formation was 95% in the mice treated with AOM/DSS (model group), and these reduced to 26%, 10% and 5% in AP (1.25%, 2.5% and 5%) treatment group respectively. Western blot analysis demonstrated that TLR4 (membrane protein), MyD88, NF-??B p65 (nuclear protein) expression decreased significantly at protein level; and the secretion of TNF-?? decreased in control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION AP could protect ICR mice from CACC effectively and the possible mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/ NF-??B pathways.     

急性心肌梗死并发症预防护理

急性心肌梗死具有起病急、发展快，复杂多变，并发症多，死亡率高等特点。据有关资料报道：急性心肌梗死患者约有1／2～1／3在住院前死亡，其中不少患者是在无先兆的情况下突然死亡，或在发病2h内死于严重并发症，如心律失常、心力衰竭、心源性休克、血管栓塞、心脏破裂等。若能及早发现，及时处理，多能抢救患者生命。     

Analgesic and anti-arthritic effects of Lingzhi and San Miao San supplementation in a rat model of arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant

Aim of study

In this study, we have investigated the analgesic and anti-arthritic effects of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combination of Lingzhi and San Miao San (SMS) in a rat model of arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA).

Materials and methods

Sprague–Dawley rats were induced with monoarthritis by single unilateral injection of FCA into the knee joint. The TCM combination was administered to the rats daily by intraperitoneal injection (50 mg/(kg day)) or via oral administration (500 mg/(kg day)) for 7 days before induction of arthritis and 7 days after. Extension angle that provoked struggling behavior, and size and blood flow of the rat knees were measured to give indexes of allodynia, edema, and hyperemia, respectively. The extent of cell infiltration, tissue proliferation, and erosions of joint cartilage provided additional indexes of the arthritis condition.

Results

FCA injection produced significant allodynia, edema, hyperemia, immune cell infiltration, synovial tissue proliferation, and erosions of joint cartilage in the ipsilateral knees compared with the contralateral saline-injected knees. Intraperitoneal injection of the TCM combination (50 mg/(kg day)) suppressed allodynia, edema, and hyperemia in the inflamed knees, and oral administration (500 mg/(kg day)) suppressed edema and hyperemia. Histological examination showed that the TCM administered by either route reduced immune cell infiltration and erosion of joint cartilage.

Conclusions

These findings suggest the Lingzhi and SMS formulation has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in arthritic rat knees, and concur to previous clinical studies that showed the TCM combination reduced pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients, and extends its possible benefit to suppression of inflammatory symptoms in these patients.     

Localization of porcine seminal plasma (PSP) proteins in the boar reproductive tract and spermatozoa

Spermadhesins are proteins containing a characteristic CUB domain, originally isolated from seminal plasma and ejaculated spermatozoa in domestic animals. Boar spermadhesins are multifunctional proteins exhibiting ligand-binding abilities with various endogenous ligands present in the male and female reproductive tracts and may play a role in the reproduction process. Porcine spermadhesins (AQN, AWN, PSP protein families) are secreted mainly by the seminal vesicles, but their mRNAs have been found also in the cauda epididymis and prostate. Unlike AQN and AWN spermadhesins, localization of porcine seminal plasma (PSP) proteins in the boar reproductive tract has not been completely resolved. This work has focused on PSP protein expression and localization in the boar reproductive organs and on spermatozoa. Using specific rabbit polyclonal antibodies (anti-PSP I and anti-PSP II), PSP I and PSP II proteins were immunodetected in tissue extracts and in secretory tissues of cauda epididymis, prostate, seminal vesicles and Cowper's glands on the blots and by an indirect immunofluorescence technique, respectively. Moreover, the ability of PSP proteins to bind to epididymal spermatozoa indicated their presence on cauda epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa. Porcine seminal plasma proteins bind to the sperm surface at ejaculation and may modulate several aspects of sperm activity during reproduction. PSP proteins are produced not only by seminal vesicles and prostate, but also by epididymis. However, their prospective role in sperm epididymal maturation is not clear. Further characterization of seminal plasma protein forms expressed in the individual reproductive organs will help to understand their subsequent role in the reproduction process.     

2型糖尿病合并高血压与胰岛素生长因子-1的相关性研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并高血压与胰岛素生长因子-1(IGF-I)之间的关系。方法共收集了53例2型糖尿病合并高血压患者静脉血检测基本数值并用放免法测IGF-I值,与高血压、2型糖尿病患者和正常人对照。观察2型糖尿病合并高血压组血压分级IGF-I的变化。结果2型糖尿病合并高血压组IGF-I与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.387,P<0.01),与甘油三酯、载脂蛋白A、尿酸和收缩压呈正相关(P<0.05);血压分级后IGF-I水平间无明显差别(P>0.05),IGF-I值在血压分级后与糖尿病并发症的构成无关联性(χ2=4.605,P>0.05)。结论2型糖尿病合并高血压时血压分级后IGF-I水平无明显变化,与存在的糖尿病并发症无明显关联性,而与高血压危险因素有关。     

糖尿病SD大鼠骨密度及骨组织学特点研究

目的 观察糖尿病SD大鼠模型骨密度、骨组织学及生化指标的改变,探讨血糖与骨代谢的关系.方法 采用单次大剂量链脲佐菌素的方法,用雄性SD大鼠制备糖尿病SD大鼠模型,以正常血糖雄性SD大鼠作为阴性对照,12周后,抽取大鼠心脏血测定血糖、血脂、血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶;采用双能X光衍射仪测定大鼠右侧胫骨和股骨离体骨的骨密度,取左侧股骨上段制作病理标本.结果 糖尿病组SD大鼠体重显著低于正常对照组,有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;注射STZ 48 h后血糖明显升高并持续存在.糖尿病组SD大鼠骨质疏松明显,股骨及胫骨BMD显著降低（P＜0.05）.糖尿病组SD大鼠的AKP、LDL-C显著升高（P＜0.05）,而血钙、HDL-C显著降低（P＜0.05）.结论 糖尿病组SD大鼠表现为骨密度减少,不仅出现血生化的异常,且出现明显的骨组织形态结构异常,提示高血糖导致骨代谢异常.