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51.
Several studies have shown that male subjects report lower pain intensity to female compared to male experimenters. The present experiment examined whether experimenter gender also modulated autonomic pain responses. Sixty-four students (32 females) participated in a 2 Subject gender x 2 Experimenter gender x 15 Pain Tests mixed design. Six experimenters, three females and three males collected data. Heat pain was +48 degrees C induced to the right volar forearm. Subjective measurements consisted of pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, stress, arousal and mood. Autonomic responses were heart rate variability and skin conductance levels. The results revealed significant interactions between experimenter gender and subject gender on pain intensity and arousal, but there were no interactions in the physiological data. In conclusion, the lower pain report in male subjects to female experimenters is not mediated by changes in autonomic parameters, and the effect of experimenter gender is probably due to psychosocial factors. 相似文献
52.
Mikkel Westen Mette W. Christoffersen Lars N. Jorgensen Trine Stigaard Thue Bisgaard 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2014,399(1):65-69
Purpose
Umbilical and epigastric hernia repairs are minor, but are commonly conducted surgical procedures. Long-term results have only been sparsely investigated. Our objective was to investigate the risk of chronic complaints after a simple sutured repair for small umbilical and epigastric hernias.Methods
A retrospective cohort study with a 5-year questionnaire and clinical follow-up was conducted. Patients undergoing primary elective, open non-mesh umbilical or epigastric sutured hernia repair were included. Patients completed a structured questionnaire regarding chronic complaints during work and leisure activities using a verbal rating scale. The primary outcome was chronic complaints.Results
A total of 295 patients were included for analysis after a median of 5.0-year (range 2.8–8.0) follow-up period. Follow-up results were achieved from 262 of the included patients (90 % response rate). Up till 5.8 % of the patients reported moderate or severe pain and discomfort. Work and leisure activities were restricted in 8.5 and 10.0 % of patients, respectively. Patients with chronic complaints had a higher incidence of recurrence (clinical and reoperation), than patients with none or mild complaints (78.6 vs. 22.2 % (P?<?0.001)). The recurrence rate was significantly higher after a repair with absorbable suture (20.1 %) compared with non-absorbable suture repair (4.2 %) (P?<?0.001).Conclusion
We found that chronic complaints after a simple sutured umbilical or epigastric repair was in the level of 5.5 % and could in part be explained by recurrence. Furthermore, absorbable suture should be omitted to reduce risk of recurrence. 相似文献53.
54.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) in children aged 12 to 47 months with asthma symptoms. DESIGN: A retrospective economic analysis conducted from the perspective of the Danish health-care system, based on clinical data from a 12-week study. SETTING: Thirty-three outpatient centers in nine countries. PATIENTS: Two hundred thirty-seven children aged 12 to 47 months with documented history of recurrent wheeze or asthma symptoms. INTERVENTIONS: Two dosages of FP, 100 microg/d and 200 microg/d, and placebo administered in two divided doses via a metered-dose inhaler and a Babyhaler (Glaxo Wellcome; Middlesex, UK) spacer device. MEASUREMENTS: Effectiveness in terms of asthma exacerbations, control of cough and wheeze symptoms, symptom-free days, overall direct costs of asthma management in Danish kroner at 1999 prices, and mean and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. RESULTS: FP, 200 microg/d, was significantly more effective than placebo treatment in terms of the proportion of exacerbation-free patients (73.7% vs 59.8%; p = 0.025) and patients experiencing a > or = 25% improvement in cough symptoms (57.9% vs 39.0%; p = 0.018). The costs per exacerbation-free patient, per patient with a > or = 25% improvement in cough and wheeze symptoms from baseline, and per symptom-free day were lower in the FP groups than in the placebo group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for these end points indicated that the additional benefits of FP, 200 microg/d, were achieved at a lower overall cost compared with placebo treatment. CONCLUSIONS: From the perspective of the Danish health-care system, FP, 100 microg bid, administered via the Babyhaler inhalation device was cost-effective relative to standard therapy with bronchodilators alone. 相似文献
55.
56.
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are already a significant health-care problem and are making the combat of infections quite challenging. Here we report the synthesis of several new compounds containing an ethanolamine moiety, of which two exhibit promising antimicrobial activity (at the 6 μM level). All the compounds are degraded when exposed to light and form inactive products.The synthesis of several new compounds containing an ethanolamine moiety are reported, of which two exhibit promising antimicrobial activity (at the 6 μM level). 相似文献
57.
Ruby Del Risco Kollerud Hege S. Haugnes Bjørgulf Claussen Magne Thoresen Per Nafstad James M. Farnham Karl G. Blaasaas Øyvind Næss Lisa A. Cannon-Albright 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,147(6):1604-1611
Similar family-based cancer and genealogy data from Norway and Utah allowed comparisons of the incidence of testicular cancer (TC), and exploration of the role of Scandinavian ancestry and family history of TC in TC risk. Our study utilizes data from the Utah Population Database and Norwegian Population Registers. All males born during 1951–2015 were followed for TC until the age of 29 years. A total of 1,974,287 and 832,836 males were born in Norway and Utah, respectively, of whom 2,686 individuals were diagnosed with TC in Norway and 531 in Utah. The incidence per year of TC in Norway (10.6) was twice that observed in Utah (5.1) for males born in the last period (1980–1984). The incidence rates of TC in Utah did not differ according to the presence or absence of Scandinavian ancestry (p = 0.669). Having a brother diagnosed with TC was a strong risk factor for TC among children born in Norway and Utah, with HR = 9.87 (95% CI 5.68–17.16) and 6.02 (95% CI 4.80–7.55), respectively; with even higher HR observed among the subset of children in Utah with Scandinavian ancestry (HR = 12.30, 95% CI 6.78–22.31). A clear difference in TC incidence among individuals born in Norway and descendants of Scandinavian people born in Utah was observed. These differences in TC rates point to the possibility of environmental influence. Family history of TC is a strong risk factor for developing TC in both populations. 相似文献
58.
J.-J. Lataillade B. Magne E. Bey T. Leclerc M. Trouillas 《Transfusion Clinique et Biologique》2017,24(3):245-250
Severe burned patients need definitive and efficient wound coverage. Outcome of massive burns has been improved by using cultured epithelial autografts (CEA). Despite fragility, percentages of success take, cost of treatment and long-term tendency to contracture, this surgical technique has been developed in few burn centres. First improvements were to combine CEA and dermis-like substitute. Cultured skin substitutes provide earlier skin closure and satisfying functional result. These methods have been used successfully in massive burns. Second improvement was to allow skin regeneration by using epidermal stem cells. Stem cells have capacity to differentiate into keratinocytes, to promote wound repair and to regenerate skin appendages. Human mesenchymal stem cells contribute to wound healing and were evaluated in cutaneous radiation syndrome. Skin regeneration and tissue engineering methods remain a complex challenge and offer the possibility of new treatment for injured and burned patients. 相似文献
59.
60.
Knut Hagen Rigmor Jensen Magne Geir Bøe Lars Jacob Stovner 《The journal of headache and pain》2010,11(5):373-377
No guidelines for performing and presenting the results of studies on patients with medication overuse headache (MOH) exist.
The aim of this study was to review long-term outcome measures in follow-up studies published in 2006 or later. We included
MOH studies with >6 months duration presenting a minimum of one predefined end point. In total, nine studies were identified.
The 1,589 MOH patients (22% men) had an overall mean frequency of 25.3 headache days/month at baseline. Headache days/month
at the end of follow-up was reported in six studies (mean 13.8 days/month). The decrease was more pronounced for studies including
patients with migraine only (−14.6 days/month) compared to studies with the original diagnoses of migraine and tension-type
headache (−9.2 days/month). Six studies reported relapse rate (mean of 26%) and/or responder rate (mean of 28%). Medication
days/month and change in headache index at the end of follow-up were reported in only one and two of nine studies, respectively.
The present review demonstrated a lack of uniform end points used in recently published follow-up studies. Guidelines for
presenting follow-up data on MOH are needed and we propose end points such as headache days/month, medication days/month,
relapse rate and responder rate defined as ≥50% reduction of headache frequency and/or headache index from baseline. 相似文献