听小骨空间结构相关形态学研究

目的　探讨听小骨在鼓室内相对空间位置结构,为听小骨的空间定位提供数据,为听骨链重建术提供相关解剖学依据。 方法　10%福尔马林固定的完整成年男性头颅20个(40例),解剖并测量锤骨柄长轴、锤骨头颈长轴、砧骨长突、镫骨长轴分别与水平面、矢状面夹角,锤骨柄与锤骨头颈长轴夹角、锤砧关节夹角及砧骨与镫骨间夹角。 结果　锤骨柄长轴与水平面、矢状面夹角分别为（44.89±11.66）°、（41.92±11.68）°,锤骨头颈长轴与水平面、矢状面夹角分别为（41.94±11.14）°、（39.48±10.11）°,砧骨长突与水平面、矢状面夹角分别为（43.50±11.27）°、（35.84±12.39）°,镫骨长轴分别与水平面、矢状面夹角为（25.93±10.39）°、（58.19±8.19）°,锤骨柄与锤骨头颈长轴夹角 (140.93±10.43)°、锤砧关节夹角(96.19±　13.82)°、砧骨与镫骨间夹角(104.27±9.22)°。 结论　听骨链在鼓室内的空间排列呈斜体“N”型。     

肺炎支原体CARDS毒素对小鼠IgE反应的影响及机制

目的 通过肺炎支原体产生的特异性CARDS毒素对血清总IgE的作用,研究其对机体过敏反应的影响.方法 60只SPF级BALB/c小鼠分为对照组和感染组,采用CARDS毒素暴露小鼠模型,评价CARDS毒素特异性反应;肥大细胞脱颗粒研究确定CARDS毒素特异性IgE的功能;Western blot检测JAK3及STAT6的...     

Synergistic effect of aqueous extract of Telfaria occidentalis on the biological activities of artesunate in Plasmodium berghei infected mice

Background

Resistance to most antimalarial drugs has encouraged the use of herbal preparations along with prescribed orthodox drugs.

Objective

To investigate effect of co-administration of aqueous extract of T. occidentalis leaves; commonly used as antimalarial and haematinic agent in Nigeria and artesunate using P. berghei animal model.

Methods

In vivo curative antiplasmodial effect of T. occidentalis (200mg/kg) alone and combination with artesunate (2mg/kg) were evaluated using albino mice infected with 10⁶ parasitized erythrocytes of P. berghei intraperitoneally. The haematological parameters: haemoglobin level, red blood cells and white blood cells and packed cell volume were monitored using standard methods.

Results

Aqueous extract of T. occidentalis, artesunate and the combination gave 72.17±4.07%, 70.43± 4.27% and 85.43±3.65% reduction in parasitaemia after 48hours respectively. A significant enhancement of the PCV was obtained with the coadministration of artesunate and aqueous extract (p< 0.01). Similar trends were also observed with heamatological parameters at 72hours of administration.

Conclusion

This study revealed a synergistic effect of the co-administration on parasite clearance rate of P. berghei infection in mice, with a significant enhancement of haematological parameters within 48 hours of administration. This indicates a rapid rate of recovery from plasmodial infections with the co-administration.     

Antibiogram and plasmid profiling of carbapenemase and extended spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Abeokuta,South western,Nigeria

Background

The increased reports of ESBL dissemination from various centres in south western, Nigeria and the recent emergence of carbapenem resistant bacteria prompted the conception of this study.

Objectives

To demonstrate the relationship between high molecular weight plasmids and the expression of antibiotic multi-resistance including ESBL and carbapenemase.

Methods

We investigated 97 isolates of selected organisms consisting of 67 E. coli and 30 Klebseilla spp for the presence of plasmids expressing ESBL including carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes. Beta-lactamase was determined using acidometric method, while ESBL and carbapenemase activity was determined using the double-disk diffusion test as well as the Modified Hodge test (MHT). Plasmid profiles of ESBL and carbapenemase positive isolates were determined according to standard protocols.

Results

An ESBL prevalence rate of 21.6% and carbapenem- resistance rate of 9.3% was recorded. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of ESBL isolates showed 100.0% resistance against Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Erythromycin. Moderate susceptibility was recorded against the Quinolone class of antibiotics; Meropenem remained the most active antibiotic against ESBL isolates with 62.5% against E. coli and 60% against K. pneumoniae. The plasmid profiles of our study isolates ranged from 11.8kbp to 35.5kbp.

Conclusion

Due to the relationship between high molecular weight plasmids and multi-drug resistance, we hereby recommend regular molecular surveillance of this form in our study setting.     

血清总胆汁酸在肝胆疾病中的临床应用

目的探讨血清总胆汁酸（total bile acids,TBA）测定在肝胆疾病中的临床应用价值。方法采用第五代循环酶法测定血清TBA与传统肝功能指标ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、CHE作比较,并对其在肝胆疾病中的应用作探讨。结果各类肝胆疾病的TBA均较对照组明显增高（P〈0.01）。结论 TBA是一个良好的肝功能指标,能更好反映肝实质损伤的的一项重要指标。     

Four cases of distinctive meningiomas with Zellballen growth pattern

Dong Y, Zhou X, Wu B, Wang J, Ma H, Zhou H, Jiang S, Lu G, Hu Q. Four cases of distinctive meningiomas with Zellballen growth pattern. APMIS 2009; 117: 936–40. Meningiomas are attributed to those tumours with slow‐growing pattern occurring predominantly in middle‐aged or elderly patients. Fifteen histological variants have been described based on the variable histomorphological features. Herein we report four cases with specific Zellballen growth pattern, giving the tumours a ‘paraganglioma‐like’ general aspect. The diagnosis of meningiomas was confirmed by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings. Histopathologists should be aware of this specific morphology which can lead to misdiagnosis.     

川芎嗪对免疫性肾损伤大鼠肾脏形态及功能的影响

目的探讨中药川芎嗪对免疫性肾损伤大鼠肾组织形态及功能的影响。方法猪血清复制大鼠肾损伤动物模型,川芎嗪注射液治疗4周。观察肾小球毛细血管基底膜厚度、系膜增生等形态学改变以及尿蛋白与血清MDA含量、SOD活性的变化。结果模型组基底膜厚度明显大于正常组(P<0.01),川芎嗪组明显低于模型组(P<0.05),明显减轻肾脏病理形态损害。川芎嗪组和模型组比较大鼠尿蛋白、血清MDA含量明显下降(P<0.01);SOD活性明显升高(P<0.01)。结论川芎嗪可以明显改善免疫性肾损伤大鼠肾脏病理形态和功能,减少尿蛋白,对抗自由基引起的脂质过氧化损伤。     

中华大蟾蜍皮的化学成分

目的研究中华大蟾蜍皮的化学成分。方法利用反复硅胶柱、ODS反相柱、制备液相、重结晶等手段分离分离纯化化学成分,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据并参考文献鉴定其化学结构。结果从中华大蟾蜍皮中分离得到6个化合物:胆甾醇(cholesterol,1)、棕榈酸胆甾烯酯(palmitatic acid cholesteryl ester,2)、蟾毒它灵(bufotalin,3)、沙蟾毒精(arenobufagin,4)、嚏根草配基(hellebrigenin,5)、嚏根草配基-3-辛二酸半酯(hellebrigenin-3-hemisuberate,6)。结论化合物6为新化合物。     

MMP-2在膀胱移行细胞癌组织中表达水平与肿瘤血管形成的关系

目的 探讨MMP-2在膀胱移行细胞癌血管形成中的作用,为抑制膀胱肿瘤的血管生成疗法提供理论依据.方法 采用免疫组化法(S-P)检测48例膀胱移行细胞癌及9例正常膀胱组织中MMP-2的表达,计算机图像光密度分析,根据阳性信号面积/检测总面积的方法,以10%为阳性判断标准,计算阳性率.采用血管内皮细胞单克隆抗体CD34进行血管内皮染色,低倍镜下寻找肿瘤组织中微血管密度最密集的部位(“热区“),然后在高倍镜下计数热区内的平均微血管密度(MVD),结合临床资料及统计学处理分析以评价MMP-2在膀胱移行细胞癌血管生成中的作用.结果 48例膀胱移行细胞癌组织中,MMP-2在膀胱移行细胞癌组织中的阳性表达率为 64.6%(31/48),而9例正常膀胱组织表达阴性,两者差别有显著性(P＜0.01),MMP-2表达水平与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤数目、直径、病理分级等无关(P＞0.05),而在病理分期之间(Tis～T1与 T2～T4)差别有显著性(P＜0.05),浸润性膀胱移行细胞癌明显高于浅表性膀胱移行细胞癌; MMP-2的表达与MVD成正相关(r=0.592,P＜0.05),随着MMP-2表达增加,MVD也增加.结论 MMP-2在膀胱移行细胞癌组织中高表达,MMP-2与MVD呈正相关,促进了膀胱移行细胞癌新生血管的形成.     

C反应蛋白和原发性高血压血管内皮损伤标志物的研究进展

炎症在原发性高血压血管内皮损伤的病理过程中发挥重要作用。C反应蛋白由肝脏产生并分泌,是评价炎性反应的一项敏感指标。C反应蛋白在血液循环中的含量和活性与原发性高血压患者某些血管内皮损伤标志物的浓度存在正相关,成为原发性高血压治疗的新靶点。