重组人肿瘤坏死因子β(HuTNFβ)的纯化及抗肿瘤效应的初步研究

本文利用能表达HuTNFβ的工程菌株(P20KLT)按常规培养及扩增．即采用LB培养液(内含Amp100．μg／ml Tet 5μg／ml)；1：40扩增．当A550达0．1时，加入IAA(20μg／ml)，当A550为1．0时，中止培养，离心(5000rpm，4℃)收集菌体。在菌体中按1：5加入缓冲液，冰浴中超声破碎，13，000rpm高速离心20分钟，     

子宫颈鳞癌患者放疗前后血清铜、锌的变化

目的检测子宫颈癌患者放疗前后血清铜、锌的变化，检测子宫颈癌患者与正常人血清铜、锌水平的比较。材料与方法采用三电极直流等离子原子发射光电直读光谱仪法检测。结果子宫颈鳞癌患者血清铜（ＳＣｕ）、铜锌比值（Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ）显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），Ⅲ期患者又显著高于Ⅱ期患者（Ｐ＜０．００１）；放疗后癌灶完全消退者（ＣＤ）ＳＣｕ、Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；部分消退者（ＰＤ）二值仍处于高水平。结论：ＳＣｕ和Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ可以检测放疗疗效，估计预后，有一定临床意义。     

老年食管癌放疗致放射性肺炎相关因素分析

目的探讨老年食管癌患者三维适形放疗后放射性肺炎(RP)发生的相关因素。方法回顾性分析行三维适形放疗的90例老年食管癌患者的临床资料及放疗物理参数。结果 15例患者出现RP;RP相关因素有慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、再程放疗、放疗剂量、照射野数、肺V5、V10、V15、V20、V25、V30、V40等;性别、吸烟史、糖尿病、临床分期与RP的发生无关。结论 V10、V15、V20、MLD和COPD是RP的独立危险因素。     

趋化因子受体4与肿瘤

趋化因子受体4（CXCR4）属于G蛋白耦联受体超家族,具有趋化免疫细胞、维持免疫细胞的动态平衡等生物学作用。CXCR4表达于多种类型的组织和细胞,在多种肿瘤及肿瘤的不同阶段,CXCR4的表达都明显高于正常组织。CXCR4与肿瘤细胞的增殖、黏附、侵袭和转移有关,在肿瘤的进展中发挥重要作用。     

人白细胞介素2重组逆转录病毒载体的构建与表达

通过RT-PCR克隆到含有全部编码序列的人IL-2 cDNA,并经核苷酸测序加以证实。将其克隆至逆转录病毒载体pLXSN,构建成人IL-2的重组逆转录病毒表达载体pLXSN-hIL2,体外经CRIP细胞包装后病毒滴度达7.6×10~5CFU/ml。NIH3T3小鼠成纤维细胞感染hIL-2重组逆转录病毒后,分泌IL-2水平达118.2U/ml;PCR从其基因组DNA中扩增到NeoR基因片段,提示重组逆转录病毒载体己整合至宿主细胞的基因组DNA中。本研究为开展人IL-2基因治疗奠定了基础。     

SRT中基于不同时相合成ITV几何差异研究

目的 研究NSCLC的SRT中基于四维CT不同ITV合成策略的几何差异性。方法对我院2013—2014年间收治的16例具有胸部SRT指征的NSCLC患者行4DCT扫描, 比较目前基于全时相勾画合成(金标准)得到的IGTV₁₀、EE或EI时相合成得到的IGTV_EI+EE、MIP重建序列MIP勾画合成得到的IGTV_MIP、AVG重建时相勾画方法得到的IGTV_AVG, 韩国顺天乡大学4个时相确定IGTV_yeo, 以及我们提出的基于奇数或偶数时相勾画合成的IGTV_ODD、IGTV_EVEN方法同IGTV₁₀的MI、DI和体积差异, 分析筛选出对肿瘤运动相关特性相对不敏感的ITV合成方法。组内、组间数据行Student-Newman-Keuls^a检验, 同时用多参数回归分析肿瘤三维运动量、肿瘤体积和MI和DI相关性。结果 患者肿瘤中心平均三维运动幅度1.23 cm (0.25~5.53 cm), 三维运动矢量分别为左右3.5 mm (1.4~8.4 mm), 前后4.5 mm (1.1~8.6 mm), 上下9.5 mm (0~10 mm)。IGTV_MIP、IGTV_AVG、IGTV_EI+EE、IGTV_yeo 、IGTV_ODD、IGTV_EVEN、IGTV₁₀之间平均MI分别为0.69、0.62、0.80、0.86、0.93、0.91(P=0.006);平均DI分别为0.98、0.98、0.97、0.97、0.99、0.98(P=0.130), IGTV_x体积相比IGTV₁₀分别偏小25.7%、35.6%、17.9%、12.8%、3.6%、4.8%(P=0.000)。通过回归分析得到肿瘤大小、肿瘤运动幅度不是基于奇数或偶数时相形成ITV的影响因素。结论 基于奇数或偶数时相确定ITV方法对肿瘤所在位置及肿瘤运动幅度等因素不敏感, 具有较好临床可靠性和较高勾画效率, 在无弹性形变配准的放疗单位可作为胸部SRT靶区勾画推荐方法。     

A hybrid composite of H2V3O8 and graphene for aqueous lithium-ion batteries with enhanced electrochemical performance

Aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs) are regarded as a competitive challenger for large-scale energy storage systems because of their high safety, modest cost, and green nature. A kind of modified composite material composed of H₂V₃O₈ nanorods and graphene sheets (HVO/G) has been effectively made by a one-step hydrothermal method and following calcination at 523 K. XRD, SEM, TEM, and TG are used to determine the phase structures and morphologies of the composite materials. Owing to the advantage of the layered structure of H₂V₃O₈ nanorods, the excellent conductivity of the graphene sheets, and the 3D network structure of the modified composite, the ARLBs with HVO/G can deliver an adequate specific capacity of 271 mA h g⁻¹ at 200 mA g⁻¹ and have a retention rate of 73.4% after 50 cycles. The average discharge capacity of ARLB with HVO/G as anode has a considerable improvement over that of HVO/CNTs and HVO, whatever the current rate used. Moreover, we find that the diffusion coefficient of lithium-ion increases by an order of magnitude through the theoretical calculation for HVO/G ARLB. The new ARLB with HVO/G electrode is a potential energy storage system with great advantages, such as simple preparation, easy assembly process, excellent safety and low-cost environmental protection.

Aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs) are regarded as a competitive challenger for large-scale energy storage systems because of their high safety, modest cost, and green nature.     

Biomechanical Study of Intramedullary Versus Extramedullary Implants for Four Types of Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture

ObjectivesTo compare the biomechanical performance of proximal femoral nail anti‐rotation (PFNA), the “upside‐down” less invasive plating system (LISS), and proximal femoral locking plate (PFLP) in fixing different fracture models of subtrochanteric fractures.MethodsThirty composite femurs were divided into three equal groups (PFNA, PFLP, and reverse LISS). The implant‐femur constructs were tested under axial compression load (0–1400 N) from models I to IV, which represented the Seinsheimer type I subtrochanteric fracture, type IIIa subtrochanteric fracture with the posteromedial fragment reduced; type IIIa subtrochanteric fracture with the posteromedial fragment lost; and type IV subtrochanteric fracture, respectively. Axial stiffness was analyzed for each group. Each group was then divided into two subgroups, one of which underwent torsional and axial compression failure testing, while the other subgroup underwent axial compression fatigue testing. The torsional stiffness, failure load, and cycles to failure were analyzed.ResultsPFNA had the highest axial stiffness (F = 761.265, p < 0.0001) and failure load (F = 48.801, p < 0.0001) in model IV. The axial stiffness and failure load of the PFLP were significantly higher than those of the LISS (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001). However, no significant difference in axial stiffness was found between models I to III (model I: F = 2.439, p = 0.106; model II: F = 2.745, p = 0.082; model III: F = 0.852, p = 0.438) or torsional stiffness in model IV (F = 1.784, p = 0.187). In fatigue testing, PFNA did not suffer from construct failure after 90,000 cycles of axial compression. PFLP and LISS were damaged within 14,000 cycles, although LISS withstood more cycles than PFLP (t = 3.328, p = 0.01).ConclusionThe axial stiffness of the three implants was similar in models I to III. The biomechanical properties of PFNA were the best of the three implants in terms of axial stiffness, failure load, and fatigue testing cycles in model IV. The axial stiffness and failure load of the PFLP were better than those of the reverse LISS, but PFLP had fewer cycles in the fatigue tests than the reverse LISS.     

The novel infra‐pectineal buttress plates used for internal fixation of elderly quadrilateral surface involved acetabular fractures

ObjectivesIn geriatric acetabular fractures, the quadrilateral surface (QLS) was frequently involved in acetabular fracture patterns and accompanied by medial displacement. It was important to buttress the medial displaced QLS and reconstruct the congruity of the affected acetabulum. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the novel infra‐pectineal quadrilateral surface buttress plates for the treatment of geriatric acetabular fractures.MethodsTwenty‐three geriatric patients who were treated for acetabular fractures involving QLS with the novel infra‐pectineal buttress plates (NIBP) through a single supra‐ilioinguinal approach between January 2015 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed; all patients received at least 1 year''s follow‐up. All patients were aged ≥60 years old and including 18 males and five females. Radiologic and clinical outcomes of patients involved in the study were collated and analyzed according to the Matta scoring system and the Merle D''Aubigné–Postel scoring system. The functional recovery scoring was compared using q‐test.ResultsAll 23 consecutive patients had relatively satisfactory clinical treatment effectiveness. Average ages, length of incision, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss were 69.8 ± 6.1 years, 12.1 ± 2.6 cm, 166.5 ± 43.5 min, and 500 (500,700) ml, respectively. According to the Matta scoring system, 14 cases of reduction were graded as excellent, five as good, and four as fair. At the last follow‐up, the clinical outcome evaluation was excellent in 13 cases, good in seven cases, and poor in three cases with the use of the Merle D''Aubigné–Postel scoring system. The difference of modified Merle D''Aubigne‐Postel score at 3 months, 6 months and last follow up was statistically significant (F = 21.56, p < 0.05). Postoperative lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury occurred in three patients and heterotopic ossification occurred in one patient.ConclusionsFor the treatment of geriatric acetabular fractures, the NIBP could provide stable and effective fixation to the QLS involved acetabular fractures, and related satisfactory clinical results with few complications were noted.     

Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty with Severe Acetabular Defect: A Preliminary Exploration and Attempt of Robotic‐Assisted Technology

BackgroundRobotic‐assisted technology may be useful in hip revision cases with acetabular defects. However, data on the use of robotic‐assisted technology for such complex diseases is lacking.Case PresentationThis case study described the adoption of MAKO robotic‐assisted treatment of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) combined with severe acetabular defect (Paprosky type IIIB). Robotic‐assisted technology accurately achieved preoperative planning; the acetabular component and augment were placed in the original position and angle as planned. Robotic‐assisted acetabular reaming was successful in a single pass, preserving the remaining acetabular bone mass very well with no procedure‐related complications. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) at 6 months postoperatively was 84 and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index was 24.ConclusionRobotic‐assisted technology can help in the accurate reconstruction of acetabular defect in complex hip revision surgery.