中药熏蒸与人工泪液联用及综合护理对干眼症的治疗效果

【摘要】 目的 探讨中药熏蒸结合西医人工泪液及综合护理对干眼症的治疗效果。方法 选取干眼症患者120例为研究对象，随机分为西医人工泪液治疗37例（A组）、中药熏蒸治疗39例（B组）、中药熏蒸结合人工泪液治疗44例（C组），三组均行综合护理，连续治疗20天，并随访1个月，用分泌泪液指数、人工泪液使用频率、眼睛不适症状总数及VAS舒适度评价各组治疗后第20天和随访1个月的临床效果。结果 与治疗前相比，治疗第20天，A、B、C三组在泪液分泌指数、眼睛不适症状总数及VAS舒适度均显著改善（P＜0.05）。随访1个月，C组与A组相比，上述指标显著更优（均P＜0.05）；与B组相比，C组眼睛不适症状总数显著减少（P＜0.05），两眼泪液指数显著增加（P＜0.05）；C组有效率显著高于A及B组（P＜0.05）。结论 在综合护理下，中药熏蒸结合西医人工泪液治疗干眼症效果明显优于单独中医和西医治疗效果，可有效提升患者生活质量。     

A Novel Method for Three-Dimensional Analysis of Endoscopic Spatial Relationships of Pterygopalatine Fossa Structures and Associated Regions

Background: The spatial orientation rules of the important skull base structures are essential for performing endoscopic surgery. However, there is no satisfactory three-dimensional (3-D) anatomy study available to the surgeon at present. The aims of this study are to construct a new method to learn the spatial orientation of anatomical features under endoscopy and to help the surgeon establish a 3-D image of skull base structures in his mind. Methods: A modified MicronTracker navigation system was used to measure the pitch angle, direction angle and distance from the reference points to various anatomical landmarks of the pterygopalatine fossa and related structures (PPFRS) at the skull base in 10 fresh cadavers (20 sides). Results: The location data of the positions of the major landmarks were acquired and a digital model of the anatomical structures of the PPFRS was built, which can be moved, whirled or demonstrated easily. Conclusion: It is practical to measure the positions of the anatomical structures of the PPFRS with a modified binocular vision-based MicronTracker navigation system. It is a valuable exploration tool to help the surgeon establish the orientation of surgical landmarks in his mind by the 3-D parameters and model.     

Genetic variability and forensic efficiency of 39 microsatellite loci in the Li ethnic group from Hainan Island in the South China Sea

Abstract

Background: Investigation of allele and genotype frequencies of microsatellite loci in various populations is an essential pre-requisite in forensic application.

Aim: The present study obtained population genetic data and forensic parameters of 39 autosomal Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) loci from a Chinese Li ethnic group and estimated the genetic relationships between Li and other reference populations.

Subjects and methods: Thirty-nine STR loci, which include D19S433, D5S818, D21S11, D18S51, D6S1043, D3S1358, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, D2S441, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX, Penta E, TH01, D12S391, D2S1338, FGA, D6S477, D18S535, D19S253, D15S659, D11S2368, D20S470, D1S1656, D22-GATA198B05, D8S1132, D4S2366, D21S1270, D13S325, D9S925, D3S3045, D14S608, D10S1435, D7S3048, D17S1290 and D5S2500, were amplified in two multiplex DNA-STR fluorescence detection systems for 189 unrelated healthy individuals of the Chinese Li ethnic group. The allele frequency distribution and several parameters commonly used in forensic science were statistically analysed.

Results: A total of 378 alleles were observed with corresponding allelic frequencies ranging from 0.0026–0.5899. The power of discrimination and power of exclusion ranged from 0.7569–0.9672 and 0.2513–0.7355, respectively. The power of exclusion (PE) ranged from 0.2580–0.7943 for trio paternity cases and 0.1693–0.5940 for duo paternity cases. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.5001–0.8611. The cumulative match probability across these 39 loci was 2.4242?×?10^?38.

Conclusion: The results indicate that 39 STR loci are polymorphic among the Li ethnic group in Hainan Island in the South China Sea. This set of polymorphic STR loci provide highly polymorphic information and forensic efficiency for forensic individual identification and paternity testing, as well as basic population data for population genetics and anthropological research.     

Fluorescent quantitative PCR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for differentiating intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn's disease

Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn''s disease (CD) are granulomatous disorders with similar clinical manifestations and pathological features that are often difficult to differentiate. This study evaluated the value of fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in fecal samples and biopsy specimens to differentiate ITB from CD. From June 2010 to March 2013, 86 consecutive patients (38 females and 48 males, median age 31.3 years) with provisional diagnoses of ITB and CD were recruited for the study. The patients'' clinical, endoscopic, and histological features were monitored until the final definite diagnoses were made. DNA was extracted from 250 mg fecal samples and biopsy tissues from each patient. The extracted DNA was amplified using FQ-PCR for the specific MTB sequence. A total of 29 ITB cases and 36 CD cases were included in the analysis. Perianal disease and longitudinal ulcers were significantly more common in the CD patients (P<0.05), whereas night sweats, ascites, and circumferential ulcers were significantly more common in the ITB patients (P<0.05). Fecal FQ-PCR for MTB was positive in 24 (82.8%) ITB patients and 3 (8.3%) CD patients. Tissue PCR was positive for MTB in 16 (55.2%) ITB patients and 2 (5.6%) CD patients. Compared with tissue FQ-PCR, fecal FQ-PCR was more sensitive (X²=5.16, P=0.02). We conclude that FQ-PCR for MTB on fecal and tissue samples is a valuable assay for differentiating ITB from CD, and fecal FQ-PCR has greater sensitivity for ITB than tissue FQ-PCR.