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61.
目的系统分析我国医院护理人文关怀评价的研究现状,为该领域研究提供参考。方法采用文献计量学分析法对建库至2017年12月31日收录于中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库及台湾核心学术期刊(TWS)的相关文献进行分析。结果纳入文献799篇,739篇为期刊文献,242篇为核心期刊收录; 1998年发表第1篇,以后发文量逐年增加,2016年最多,达118篇;发文最多的作者、单位、省份及地区分别是学者刘义兰、华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院、广东省及华东地区; 125篇受到基金资助;被引次数平均为6. 36次。研究类型中干预型597篇,调查型202篇;与医院护理人文关怀相关且有信效度的评价工具共28个,使用次数≥5次的8个。结论我国学者在医院护理人文关怀评价方面已进行较多探索,单方面评价与国外研究水平大同小异,但关于医院护理人文关怀实践效果评价有待进一步研究。 相似文献
62.
目的构建适用于肝胆外科的加速康复评价指标体系,为加速康复外科实施效果提供评价工具。方法在零缺陷管理理论基础上,通过文献查阅、德尔菲专家咨询法构建肝胆外科加速康复评价指标体系。结果 2轮问卷回收率均为100%,专家权威系数分别为0.920、0.919。经过2轮专家咨询,最终构建的肝胆外科加速康复评价指标体系包括3个一级指标,8个二级指标,39个三级指标;指标重要性评分均4分,变异系数0~0.166;并确定各级指标权重。结论肝胆外科加速康复评价指标体系构建合理,有较好的可信度,经验证后可作为肝胆外科加速康复质量评价工具。 相似文献
63.
64.
Qin‐Hong Zhang Zhong‐Ren Sun Jin‐Huan Yue Xue Ren Li‐Bo Qiu Xiao‐Lin Lv Wei Du 《International wound journal》2013,10(2):221-231
To assess the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) [Chinese herbal medicine ointment (CHMO), acupuncture and moxibustion] on pressure ulcer. In this study, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTER, CBM, CNKI, WAN FANG and VIP for articles published from database inception up to 4 April 2011. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which compared the effects of TCM with other interventions. We assessed the methodological quality of these trials using Cochrane risk of bias criteria. Ten of 565 potentially relevant trails that enrolled a total of 893 patients met our inclusion criteria. All the included RCTs only used CHMO intervention, because acupuncture and moxibustion trials failed to meet the inclusive criteria. A meta‐analysis showed beneficial effects of CHMO for pressure ulcer compared with other treatments on the total effective rate [risk ratio (RR): 1·28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1·20–1·36; P = 0·53; I2 = 0%), curative ratio (RR: 2·02; 95% CI: 1·73–2·35; P = 0·11; I2 = 37%) and inefficiency rate (RR: 0·16; 95% CI: 0·02–0·80; P = 0·84; I2 = 0%). However, the funnel plot indicated that there was publication bias in this study. The evidence that CHMO is effective for pressure ulcer is encouraging, but due to several caveats, not conclusive. Therefore, more rigorous studies seem warranted. 相似文献
65.
Fu Y Xie B Ben D Lv K Zhu S Lu W Tang H Cheng D Ma B Wang G Xiao S Wang G Xia Z 《Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries》2012,38(1):90-94
The present study aims to define the trend of time related changes with local bacterial alteration of bacterial resistance in severe burns in our burn center during a 12-year period. Retrospective analysis of microbiological results on severely burned wounds between 1998 and 2009 was carried out. A study of 3615 microbial isolates was performed. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated pathogen (38.2%) followed by A. baumannii (16.2%), Streptococcus viridans (11.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.4%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS, 9.2%). The species ratios of S. aureus and A. baumannii increased significantly from 1st to 8th week of hospitalization, while those of Streptococcus viridans, P. aeruginosa and coagulase-negative staphylococci decreased during the same period. Bacterial resistance rates were compared between the periods 1998-2003 and 2004-2009. Vancomycin remained as the most sensitive antibiotic in S. aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). It was very likely that the majority of infections caused by Streptococcus viridans, P. aeruginosa and coagulase-negative staphylococci occurred in the early stage of burn course and the majority of infections caused by A. baumannii occurred 4 weeks after admission. The use of different antibiotics was probably the major contributor to these trends. 相似文献
66.
背景:关节软骨无血管分布,其营养来自关节液和软骨下骨,哪条营养通路对关节软骨更为重要是学者们争论的焦点。目的:研究软骨下营养对关节软骨的影响,并探讨软骨下营养与骨关节炎的关系。方法:45只5个月龄雄性新西兰大白兔,建立股骨滑车骨软骨缺损的动物模型,并随机分为3组:自体骨软骨块移植组(Control组,n=15);假手术组(Sham组,n=15),用环钻在股骨滑车钻取骨软骨块,将其置入管状PVC内,原位回植;阻断软骨下营养组(DNBM组,n=15),取出骨软骨后,将其置入帽状PVC内,原位回植。术后4周、8周、12周,每组5只(10膝),取出膝关节进行大体评分、组织学评分、软骨厚度测量、凋亡染色(TUNEL染色)。结果:与Control组相比,大体评分结果提示,DNBM组软骨无明显退变;组织学评分结果提示,术后12周时DNBM组软骨明显退变(P〈0.005);软骨厚度测量结果提示,术后8周、12周时DNBM组软骨厚度明显变小(P=0.00);TUNEL染色结果提示,术后8周、12周时DNBM组关节软骨细胞凋亡明显增加(P〈0.01)。结论:软骨下营养是软骨的重要营养来源,失去软骨下营养,软骨会逐渐发生退变。 相似文献
67.
目的寻找合适PICC置管体位,以预防或减少头颈部肿瘤患者导管颈内静脉异位的发生。方法将92例需行PICC置管的头颈部肿瘤患者按置管顺序单双号分为观察组和对照组各46例,对照组取常规体位,即患者平卧,置管侧上肢外展90°,穿刺成功送管,至导管末端到达肩关节位置时,嘱患者将头偏向穿刺侧,下颌紧贴锁骨,继续送管至预测长度。观察组取改良体位,即患者平卧,头枕5cm高枕头,置管侧上肢外展45°~90°,穿刺成功送管至导管末端到达肩关节位置时,患者配合抬高穿刺侧上肢,操作者继续送管至预测长度。结果观察组导管颈内静脉异位发生率为2.17%,对照组为23.91%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论体位改良能有效降低头颈部肿瘤患者PICC颈内静脉异位的发生。 相似文献
68.
Zhi Yu Wang Fu Qing Zeng Zhao Hui Zhu Guo Song Jiang Lei Lv Feng Wan Rui Dong Xing Yuan Xiao Shi An Xing 《Urologic oncology》2012,30(2):167-176
ObjectivesTo study the underlying alteration in the expression of epithelial markers involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and elucidate the potential mechanism(s) for Tβ4-induced EMT-like phenotypic changes in bladder cancer cells.Materials and methodsAll tissue samples in this study were obtained from clinical patients of the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, and were confirmed by surgery and pathology. Of these, normal bladder tissues (control), primary urothelial carcinoma of different grades (Stage pTa, Stage pT3), bladder paracancerous tissues, accompanied with 2 bladder cancer cell lines (BIU-87 and T24), were divided into 6 groups. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical study of adhesion molecules Tβ4, ILK, E-cadherin, and β-catenin involved in EMT were carried out. A lentiviral gene transferring vector containing the RNA polymerase III-dependent U6 promoter to express short hairpin RNA (shRNA) directed against Tβ4 was also applied. In the present study, all agents were evaluated using commercial kits.ResultsA strong correlation between the expression levels of Tβ4, ILK, E-cadherin, and β-catenin was found in the bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) patients. In the BIU-87 and T24 bladder cancer cells overexpressing Tβ4, which were accompanied by a loss of E-cadherin as well as a cytosolic accumulation of β-catenin, up-regulation of ILK was also revealed. The inhibition of the Tβ4 expression with lentiviral shRNA vector could raise EMT-like phenotypic changes, significantly depressed motility, and subsequent invasiveness of bladder cancer cells.ConclusionsOur results imply that the Tβ4 is likely to play a crucial role in EMT progression, and that inhibition of the Tβ4 expression or interactions with other genes should be novel therapeutic targets for bladder cancers with high invasive and metastatic potential. 相似文献
69.
Purpose
Implant-related infections are disastrous complications in the clinic, and there are no effective therapies. In this preliminary study, gentamicin-loaded coating on titanium implants was prepared using the electrospinning technique, and some properties of the coating titanium implants were studied.Methods
We adopted the electrospinning technique to prepare gentamicin-coated titanium implants. The surface structure of the coating implants was observed using scanning electron microscope. An elution study was performed to determine the release behavior of the gentamicin from the coating. The antibacterial efficacy and quantitative analysis of the bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated in vitro, and the cytotoxicity of the coated titanium implants on osteoblasts was investigated in vitro.Results
The morphology of the gentamicin-coated titanium implants exhibited nanofibers, and the release of gentamicin showed an initial gentamicin burst followed by a slow release. The gentamicin-coated titanium implants had a persistent antibacterial efficacy for 1 week and significantly reduced the adhesion of the Staphylococcus aureus compared with bare titanium implants in vitro. There was no cytotoxicity observed in vitro for the gentamicin-coated implants.Conclusion
The gentamicin-coated titanium implants, which were prepared using an electrospinning technique, present many advantages and may be considered to prevent and treat the implant-related infections. 相似文献70.