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11.
Donor insemination: child development and family functioning in lesbian mother families 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
Brewaeys A; Ponjaert I; Van Hall EV; Golombok S 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(6):1349-1359
Findings are presented of a comparative study investigating the family
relationships and the emotional and gender development of children raised
in lesbian mother families. A total of 30 lesbian mother families with 4-8
year old children created as a result of donor insemination (DI) were
compared with 38 heterosexual families with a DI child and with 30
heterosexual families who had a naturally conceived child. A variety of
assessment measures, including a standardized interview and questionnaires
from the parents and psychological testing of the child were used to
collect the data. The quality of the couples' relationships and the quality
of the mother-child interaction did not differ between lesbian mother
families and either of the heterosexual family groups. The quality of the
interaction between the social mother and the child in lesbian families was
superior to that between the father and the child in both groups of
heterosexual families. Childrens' own perception of their parents was
similar in all family types; the social mother in lesbian families was
regarded by the child to be as much a 'parent' as the father in both types
of heterosexual families. With regard to their emotional/behavioural
development, boys and girls raised in lesbian mother families were well
adjusted and their gender role development did not differ from that of
children raised in heterosexual families. These results indicate that child
and family development in lesbian mother families is similar to that of
heterosexual families.
相似文献
12.
Donor insemination: Dutch parents' opinions about confidentiality and donor anonymity and the emotional adjustment of their children 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
Brewaeys A; Golombok S; Naaktgeboren N; de Bruyn JK; van Hall EV 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1591-1597
Results from a comparative study investigating 38 donor insemination (DI)
Dutch families with 4-8 year old children are presented. The aims of this
study were to investigate parents' opinions on the issues of
confidentiality and donor anonymity, to assess the emotional development of
the children, and to examine in DI families the association between secrecy
with regard to the use of a donor and the emotional adjustment of the
children. The DI families were compared to families with a child conceived
by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and to families with a naturally conceived
child. Secrecy appeared to be associated with DI and not with IVF: 74% of
the DI parents intended not to inform the child about the way in which
she/he was conceived, whereas none of the IVF parents intended to keep the
secret. Only one set of DI parents and two sets of IVF parents had actually
told the child. As to donor anonymity, a spread of opinions appeared among
DI parents; 57% preferred an anonymous donor, 31% would have liked non-
identifying information about the donor, 9% preferred the donor's identity
to be registered and 3% remained unsure. Parents' major concern was to know
more about the medical/genetic background of the donor. Mothers and fathers
in the DI families differed in their opinions concerning the issues of
confidentiality and donor anonymity: fathers, more often than mothers, were
secretive with regard to the use of a donor and husbands, more often than
their wives, were in favour of donor anonymity. With regard to the
emotional development of the children, more emotional/behavioural problems
were revealed among DI children than among children who were naturally
conceived. No association was found between secrecy and the
emotional/behavioural adjustment of the children.
相似文献
13.
Pancreatic hormone amylin and integrity of the gastric mucosa 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
German SV Zhuĭkova SE Komarov FI Kopylova GN Kuper GJ Luk'iantseva GV Samonina GE Smirnova EA Umarova BA 《Vestnik Rossi?sko? akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossi?skaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk》2001,(12):34-38
The paper presents experimental findings of some possible mechanisms of protective antiulcerous action of amyline. Amyline is the second beta-cell pancreatic hormone, which has been just recently discovered. The authors have studied the effects of amyline on gastric secretion, mast cell functions, mesenteric lymphatic microvascular contractility, i.e. on individual aggressive and protective factors of the gastric mucosa. Amyline has been found to inhibit basal acid gastric secretion and the secretion stimulated by vagal irritation. The peptide reduces the secretory activities of mast cells. Amyline given to animals increases the heparin saturation index of mast cells and decreases the degranulation index. Amyline-induced stabilization of mast cells appears to followed by the decreased release of histamine and other damaging substances. The stimulating effect of amyline on the contractile activity of mesenteric lymphatic vessels was recorded in rats. Amyline increases both the frequency and amplitude of their contractions. The increased lymph flow that is closely associated with microcirculation promotes the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Therefore, the protective antiulcerous properties of amyline reduce the action of aggressive agents on the gastric mucosa and stimulate protective ones. 相似文献
14.
Korzhevskiĭ DE Gilerovich EG Zin'kova NN Grigor'ev IP Otellin VA 《Morfologii?a (Saint Petersburg, Russia)》2005,128(5):76-78
The aim of the present study was to find optimal protocol of immunocytochemical reaction to NeuN nuclear protein for light and laser confocal microscopy, which would exclude the antigen heat unmasking procedure that results in deteriorating the state of the tissue and requires expensive adhesive-coated slides. Best preservation of the antigen was found to be provided by fixation in zinc-formalin and Bouin's fixative (for a period of less than 24 hrs). Two protocols allowing to avoid antigen heat unmasking procedure during demonstration of the NeuN neuronal label in paraffin sections by the light and confocal microscopy are presented. 相似文献
15.
Khalturina EO Lebedinskaia OV Shubina IZh Donenko FV Raĭkhlin NT Kiselevskiĭ MV 《Morfologii?a (Saint Petersburg, Russia)》2004,125(3):89-92
Morphological features and immunophenotype of mature dendritic cells (DC) generated from the monocytes of healthy donor blood after culture with GM-CSF and IL-4 with the addition of TNF, were studied using light and electron microscopy, as well as flow-cytometry. It was shown that DC were characterized by a number of morphological features such as: large size, eccentrically located nucleus, highly developed system of extensions, large vacuolated cytoplasm, prominent and activated Golgi complex and ribosomal apparatus. Mature DC are characterized by active surface expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules (MHC I, MHC II, CD40, CD80, CD86). 相似文献
16.
Grigor'eva EP Desheva IuA Donina SA Naĭkhin AN Rekstin AR Barantseva IB Zavitkova EA Moskvicheva TM Zhavoronkov VG Rudenko LG 《Voprosy virusologii》2002,47(4):24-27
In Russia for prevention of influenza in children, aged from 3 to 14 years, the children's live influenza vaccine (LIV), based upon A/Leningrad/134/47/57(H2N2) master strain (LIVI) is used. The need for double immunization appears to be one out of the faulties of this preparation. The study was aimed to comparing the safety, immunogenic activity and prevention of influenza by LIV for adults (LIVII) (A/Leningrad/134/17/57(H2N2 master strain) and LIVI in children aged from 7 to 17 years under similar administration schedule. The safety, the preventive efficacy, humoral and secretory immunity were studied. In total 2486 persons, including 539 children, twice inoculated with LIVI, 971 persons once inoculated with LIVII, and 840 treated by placebo were obserbed. From the data of the clinical observations during 7 days after immunization both vaccines appeared to be low reactogenic. The LIVII advantages in induction of the humoral and secretory antibodies in comparison with children's vaccine had been revealed. Both vaccines were highly efficacious, the efficiency of both preparations was more pronounced after serologic correction of the diagnosis. The results obtained permit to recommend the single immunization by the variant of LIV at the base on A/Leningrad/134/17/57/(H2N2) master strain for prevention of influenza in school children. 相似文献
17.
Nozdrin VI Belousova TA Kinzirskiĭ AS Lavrik OI Zhuchkov SA Krutykh EG 《Morfologii?a (Saint Petersburg, Russia)》2004,126(5):56-60
Changes of the histological structure of rat's skin were studied two weeks following the daily applications of native birch tar and of purified birch tar, devoid of the components that could be potentially dangerous for humans. The morphometric investigations were performed with the use of computer technologies on the apparatus-programme complex (DiaMorph, Russia). It has been established that the main morphological manifestations of specific dermatotropic activity of birch tar in the present experiment included: epidermal hypertrophy, hyperkeratosis, stimulation of the activity of all dermal cellular elements, intensification of blood supply, reduction of sebaceous glands. Analysis of morphological findings indicates the bioequivalence of the native and purified birch tar in terms of its specific dermatotropic activity. 相似文献
18.
Babmindra VP Novozhilova AP Bragina TA Kreĭchman GS Miasnikova OE Zhilinskaia NT Kolla GV 《Morfologii?a (Saint Petersburg, Russia)》1998,114(6):22-27
Using light and electron microscopy structural bases for intracellular, extracellular and integrative regulation of synaptic efficiency and neuron sensitivity were established in rat sensomotor cortex. Intracellular regulation is realized basically through modulation of postsynaptic components of the synapse, while extracellular one is provided by synaptic endings of "recurrent" axons on GABA-ergic relay and interneurons. Integrative regulation is realized by means of concentration of similar axonal terminals in restricted cortical area and arrangement of "neuromediatory" pool. 相似文献
19.
Trekova NA Iavorovskiĭ AG Solovova LE Shabalkin BV Krapivkin IA Smirnova LA Charnaia MA Poplavskaia NS 《Vestnik Rossi?sko? akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossi?skaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk》2002,(5):13-17
Different blood saving methods are analyzed in 2000 cardiac surgical patients undergoing coronary and vascular bypass surgery in 1993 to 2000. The basic blood saving methods are as follows: intraoperative autoreinfusion (normovolemic thermodilution), reinfusion of the patient's blood, preoperative autologous plasma donation in combination with aprotinine, aminocapronic acid, etc. An analysis revealed a decrease in homologous blood components intraoperatively. Red blood cell transfusion decreased from 100% in 1993 to 44% in 2000, fresh frozen plasma and platelet transfusions did from 98 to 39% and from 96 to 1%, respectively. Intraoperative homologous blood transfusion could be avoided in 70% of those undergone coronary bypass surgery. 相似文献
20.
Gurtsevich VE Galetskiĭ SA Nered SN Novikova EV Iakovleva LS Land ChE Davydov MI Klimenkov AA Petrovichev NN Tokunaga M 《Vestnik Rossi?sko? akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossi?skaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk》1999,(3):56-59
The present investigation was carried out to estimate the incidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated cases among gastric carcinoma (GC) patients in Russia. Carcinoma specimens from 184 patients with GC treated at the Cancer Research Center were investigated by EBV encoded RNA-1 (EBER-1) in situ hybridization. Seventeen (9.24%) cases showed uniform EBER-1 expression restricted to the carcinoma cells. Hybridized signals were not detected in the non-neoplastic gastric epithelium. EBV involvement was significantly more frequent among males, especially in the tumors belonging to less differentiated types (moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas and poorly differentiated solid adenocarcinomas) and located in the upper stomach (cardia and middle part). Most EBV-positive GCs were characterized by great lymphoid compartment involvement. The findings of the distribution of EBV-positive. GCs by sex, site, and histology are similar to those in Japan; however, the detection rate of EBV-positive cases in Russia is higher than that in Japan (6.7%) and lower than that in the USA (16%). 相似文献