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51.
Coutinho HM McGarvey ST Acosta LP Manalo DL Langdon GC Leenstra T Kanzaria HK Solomon J Wu H Olveda RM Kurtis JD Friedman JF 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2005,192(3):528-536
In a cross-sectional study of 641 Schistosoma japonicum-infected individuals in Leyte, Philippines, who were 7-30 years old, we determined the grade of hepatic fibrosis (HF) by ultrasound and used anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin levels to assess nutritional status. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-10; tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha; soluble TNF- alpha receptor I; and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured to examine the association between these markers of inflammation and HF grade. HF was present in 8.9% of the cohort; the majority of cases were mild (grade I), and severe (grade II or grade III) cases occurred only in male individuals. Compared with individuals without HF, those with severe HF--and, to a lesser degree, those with mild HF--had a significantly lower body-mass index (BMI) and BMI z-score, a higher prevalence of anemia, and a higher level of CRP and were more likely to produce IL-6; furthermore, those with severe HF had a significantly higher level of IL-1, compared with those either without HF or with mild HF. These findings suggest that even mild HF is associated with nutritional morbidity and underscore the importance of early recognition and treatment. In addition, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that, by systemically increasing the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6, HF causes undernutrition and anemia. 相似文献
52.
Protásio L. da Luz L.F.Monteiro de Barros João Jorge Leite Fúlvio Pileggi Luiz V. Décourt 《The American journal of cardiology》1980,45(2):269-275
To elucidate the mechanism of action of the calcium antagonist verapamil, S-T segment mapping, retrograde coronary flow and regional coronary resistance were studied in 28 dogs subjected to acute coronary occlusion. Retrograde coronary flow was measured directly through catheterization of the distal occluded coronary artery. Regional coronary resistance was calculated by dividing mean distal coronary pressure by coronary flow. Verapamil (0.8 mg/kg) administered intravenously to eight dogs 30 minutes before coronary occlusion significantly reduced S-T segment elevation as compared with occlusion alone (p < 0.025); heart rate and diastolic pressure were also reduced (p < 0.05) but systolic pressure remained essentially unchanged. When verapamil was given to seven dogs within 30 minutes after coronary occlusion, there was a significant increase in retrograde coronary flow (p < 0.05) and a decrease in regional coronary resistance (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, heart rate and heart rate-blood pressure product declined significantly (p < 0.05), suggesting a reduction in myocardial oxygen consumption. Systolic blood pressure was unaltered, and diastolic pressure decreased only transiently. In 13 control dogs there was no significant change in any of these variables during the observation period. Thus, verapamil during acute coronary occlusion protects the ischemic myocardium by both increasing perfusion and reducing myocardial oxygen consumption. 相似文献
53.
Betzana Zambrano Fernando Noriega Gustavo H. Dayan Doris Maribel Rivera Jos Luis Arredondo Humberto Reynales Kleber Luz Carmen Deseda Matthew I. Bonaparte Edith Langevin Yukun Wu Margarita Corts Stephen Savarino Carlos A. DiazGranados 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2021,104(1):136
54.
Luz M. Garcini Ryan Brown Khadija Ziauddin Michelle A. Chen Levi Saucedo Angie S. LeRoy Paula Morales Christopher Fagundes Joel Tsevat 《Journal of general internal medicine》2021,36(3):585
BackgroundUndocumented immigration is often accompanied by multiple and complex stressors, which over time may increase the risk for chronic pain.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the prevalence of chronic pain and its association with psychological distress among undocumented Latinx immigrants in the USA.Design/ParticipantsWe used respondent-driven sampling to collect and analyze data from clinical interviews with 254 undocumented Latinx immigrants, enabling inference to a population of 22,000.Main MeasuresChronic pain was assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) Chronic Conditions Module. For all analyses, inferential statistics accounted for design effects and sample weights to produce weighted estimates. We conducted logistic regression analyses to assess the association between chronic pain and psychological distress after controlling for age, years in the USA, and history of trauma.ResultsA total of 28% of undocumented Latinx immigrants reported having chronic pain, and 20% of those had clinically significant psychological distress. Significant differences in the prevalence of chronic pain were reported across age groups, years in the USA, and trauma history. After controlling for relevant covariates, chronic pain was significantly associated with psychological distress (OR = 1.06, 95% CI [1.02, 1.09]), age (OR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.02; 1.09]), and history of trauma (OR = 1.10 per additional traumatic event, 95% CI [1.02; 1.19]; C-statistic = 0.79).ConclusionAmong undocumented Latinx immigrants, chronic pain is significantly associated with psychological distress, older age, and trauma history. Given that undocumented immigrants have restricted access to healthcare and are at high risk for chronic pain, developing alternatives to facilitate access to chronic pain interventions and risk-reduction prevention are needed.KEY WORDS: chronic pain, distress, mental health, undocumented immigrants, LatinxChronic pain is a global health concern associated with detrimental pathophysiological, functional, economic, and social consequences.1 Chronic pain is generally defined as continuous or intermittent pain or discomfort that persists for at least 3 months.2 Approximately 1.5 billion people live with chronic pain worldwide, with US national estimates exceeding 100 million.3 Furthermore, in the USA, racial/ethnic disparities exist with regards to experiencing chronic pain.1 For instance, Latinxs tend to report a lower prevalence of chronic pain and less pain interference with daily functioning when compared with non-Latinx whites, but greater pain severity.4 Likewise, disparities between these groups exist in accessing, seeking, and responding to treatment for pain.4 Nonetheless, less is known about the prevalence of pain and the pain experience among Latinxs who are hidden or hard-to-reach, such as undocumented immigrants.The undocumented immigration path is often accompanied by multiple and complex stressors, which over time may increase the risk for chronic pain. Hazardous working conditions, limited healthcare access, exploitation, and stigmatization are factors that could make undocumented immigrants vulnerable to chronic pain. For instance, undocumented immigrants are more likely than their documented counterparts to undertake physically demanding jobs in industries with high rates of injuries and exposure to hazardous conditions.5–7 Non-job-related trauma is another cause of pain in immigrants8,9—approximately 83% of undocumented immigrants report a lifetime history of trauma.10 Compounding these problems, limited healthcare access and lack of insurance force immigrants to pay out of pocket for healthcare; turn to unsafe or non-evidence-based healing practices (e.g., herbal remedies, hueseros, or bone/muscle therapy); or neglect healthcare altogether.11 All of the aforementioned risk factors suggest that undocumented immigrants may be vulnerable population to chronic pain.Information about the prevalence of chronic pain among undocumented immigrants is needed to inform prevention, intervention, advocacy, and policy efforts. To our knowledge, no prior studies have addressed chronic pain among undocumented immigrants. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) assess the prevalence of chronic pain and associated vulnerabilities, including history of trauma, among undocumented Latinx immigrants residing near the US–Mexico border and (2) determine whether there is an association between chronic pain and psychological distress in this immigrant population. 相似文献
55.
Perry S Sanchez L Yang S Haggerty TD Hurst P Parsonnet J 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2004,190(2):303-310
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is thought to modify susceptibility to gastroenteritis. METHODS: Members of northern California households with an index case of gastroenteritis were interviewed regarding recent episodes and tested for H. pylori. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk of secondary gastroenteritis within households matched for members with secondary gastroenteritis (cases) and those without symptoms (control subjects). Case and control subjects were also tested for hepatitis A virus (HAV). RESULTS: Of 801 households, 205 (26%) had at least 1 member with secondary gastroenteritis, of which 116 (56%) also included at least 1 member without symptoms (158 case and 285 control subjects). Compared with uninfected members and adjusting for age, those with antibodies to only 1 infection were at a decreased risk of secondary gastroenteritis (odds ratio [OR] for H. pylori infection, 0.25 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.82]; OR for HAV, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.23-0.87]). Having antibodies to both H. pylori and HAV did not add to this negative effect (adjusted OR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.18-0.84]). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori did not increase the risk of gastroenteritis in these households. A strong negative association between H. pylori infection and gastroenteritis is likely explained by prior exposure and immunity to other enteric pathogens. 相似文献
56.
Luz María Tejada-Tayabas Karla Lizbeth Partida-Ponce Luis Eduardo Hernández-Ibarra 《Revista latino-americana de enfermagem》2015,23(2):225-233
OBJECTIVE:
To examine, from the nursing perspective, the needs and challenges of coordinated hospital-home care for renal patients on hemodialysis.METHODS:
A qualitative analysis was conducted with an ethnographic approach in a hemodialysis unit in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Semistructured interviews were conducted with nine nurses, selected by purposeful sampling. Structured content analysis was used.RESULTS:
Nurses recounted the needs and challenges involved in caring for renal patients. They also identified barriers that limit coordinated patient care in the hospital and the home, mainly the work overload at the hemodialysis unit and the lack of a systematic strategy for education and lifelong guidance to patients, their families and caregivers.CONCLUSIONS:
This study shows the importance and necessity of establishing a strategy that goes beyond conventional guidance provided to caregivers of renal patients, integrating them into the multidisciplinary group of health professionals that provide care for these patients in the hospital to establish coordinated hospital-home care that increases therapeutic adherence, treatment substitution effectiveness and patient quality of life. 相似文献57.
Martha Nydia Ballesteros Fabrizio Valenzuela Alma E. Robles Elizabeth Artalejo David Aguilar Catherine J. Andersen Herlindo Valdez Maria Luz Fernandez 《Nutrients》2015,7(5):3449-3463
There is concern that egg intake may increase blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, we have previously shown that eggs reduce inflammation in patients at risk for T2DM, including obese subjects and those with metabolic syndrome. Thus, we hypothesized that egg intake would not alter plasma glucose in T2DM patients when compared to oatmeal intake. Our primary endpoints for this clinical intervention were plasma glucose and the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin 6 (IL-6). As secondary endpoints, we evaluated additional parameters of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemias, oxidative stress and inflammation. Twenty-nine subjects, 35–65 years with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values <9% were recruited and randomly allocated to consume isocaloric breakfasts containing either one egg/day or 40 g of oatmeal with 472 mL of lactose-free milk/day for five weeks. Following a three-week washout period, subjects were assigned to the alternate breakfast. At the end of each period, we measured all primary and secondary endpoints. Subjects completed four-day dietary recalls and one exercise questionnaire for each breakfast period. There were no significant differences in plasma glucose, our primary endpoint, plasma lipids, lipoprotein size or subfraction concentrations, insulin, HbA1c, apolipoprotein B, oxidized LDL or C-reactive protein. However, after adjusting for gender, age and body mass index, aspartate amino-transferase (AST) (p < 0.05) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (p < 0.01), one of our primary endpoints were significantly reduced during the egg period. These results suggest that compared to an oatmeal-based breakfast, eggs do not have any detrimental effects on lipoprotein or glucose metabolism in T2DM. In contrast, eggs reduce AST and TNF-α in this population characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation. 相似文献
58.
da Luz Moreira A Vogel JD Kalady MF Hammel J Fazio VW 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》2008,51(5):508-513
Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the yield and cost of fever evaluations in average-risk inpatients after elective colorectal
surgery.
Methods A 12-month, retrospective study was performed on patients who developed a postoperative fever ≥ 38°C after elective colorectal
surgery. A positive fever evaluation was defined as a blood culture, urine culture, chest x-ray, or abdominal CT result that
led to a change in patient management. Logistic regression, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-squared test were used; odds ratios
were calculated.
Results Of 133 patients, 26 percent had a positive evaluation. Blood culture, urine culture, chest x-ray, and CT were positive in
3, 8, 7, and 46 percent, respectively. Risk factors for a positive fever evaluation were temperature ≥ 38.5°C, fever evaluation
after postoperative Day 6, and a clinical manifestation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome other than fever (all,
P < 0.01). The cost per positive fever evaluation for the entire group, patients with 2 risk factors, or patients with 3 risk
factors was $5,600, $4,200, and $2,140, respectively.
Conclusions The current approach to fever evaluation after elective colorectal surgery is low yield and costly. High fever, late postoperative
fever, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome are risk factors for a positive fever evaluation after colorectal surgery.
Read at meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, St. Louis, Missouri, June 2 to 7, 2007. 相似文献
59.
A M Caixeta F S Brito M Rati M A Perin P L da Luz J A Ramires J A Ambrose E E Martinez 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2000,50(4):398-401
We compared the impact of low and high-pressure balloon inflation on acute and late angiographic results of Multilink stent. Low-pressure balloon inflation (9.5 +/- 1.9 atm) was used in 43 stents and high pressure (17.1 +/- 1.5 atm) in 44. A larger immediate luminal gain was achieved in stents with high-pressure balloon inflation (1.80 +/- 0.26 vs. 1.47 +/- 0.62; P = 0.002), resulting in a larger mean diameter in this group (2.71 +/- 0.37 vs. 2.48 +/- 0.47; P = 0.017). At follow-up, a larger luminal diameter was achieved in the high pressure group (1.93 +/- 0.72 vs. 1.45 +/- 0.66; P = 0.002) and a trend to a lower rate of angiographic restenosis (15% vs. 38%, P = 0.08). 相似文献
60.
Kihara Eunice Galic Ivan Nyamunga Donna Mehdi Fuad Velandia Palacio Luz Andrea Cameriere Roberto 《International journal of legal medicine》2022,136(5):1495-1506
International Journal of Legal Medicine - This study aimed to validate the accuracy of five different formulas based on the Cameriere method for age estimation in Kenyan children. We analyzed... 相似文献