全文获取类型
收费全文 | 273篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 7篇 |
妇产科学 | 24篇 |
基础医学 | 34篇 |
口腔科学 | 6篇 |
临床医学 | 25篇 |
内科学 | 43篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2篇 |
神经病学 | 13篇 |
特种医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 68篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 7篇 |
眼科学 | 2篇 |
药学 | 38篇 |
肿瘤学 | 7篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有285条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
The role of reactive oxygen species in testicular dysfunction associated with varicocele 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indirect indicator of lipid peroxidation-induced injury by reactive oxygen species, in testicular biopsy specimens from infertile patients with and without varicocele. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Levels of MDA were measured in the testicular biopsy specimens from 25 infertile men (15 with varicocele, mean age 30.0 years, SD 5.7, range 23-45, and 10 without, mean age 28.7 years, SD 4.2, range 21-34). All patients were evaluated by a detailed history, physical examination, semen analysis (at least twice), serum follicle-stimulating hormone and free testosterone levels, testicular biopsy and contact imprint. Scrotal colour Doppler ultrasonography was used to confirm suspected varicocele. The level of MDA in testicular biopsy specimens was measured using the thiobarbituric acid test and the results expressed per unit tissue weight. RESULTS: As a causal factor for infertility, varicocele was identified in 15 men (60%), testicular failure in four (16%), idiopathic infertility in four (16%) and obstruction in two (8%). Of the 15 patients with varicocele, eight had bilateral varicocele and it was subclinical in three; the varicocele was grade I in four, grade II in six and grade III in two. The mean (SD) MDA level in the men with a subclinical varicocele was 15.7 (3.1) pmol/mg tissue, while in those with grade I-III varicocele it was 32.9 (12.25), 37.1 (12.25) and 86.9 (2.89) pmol/mg tissue, respectively. The levels in patients with grade III varicocele were significantly greater than in the other groups (P < 0.05). The mean MDA level in patients with or without varicocele was 38.3 (22.92) and 33.5 (18.93) pmol/mg tissue, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increasing levels of MDA are associated with higher grades of varicocele and support a possible rationale for controlled trials in infertile men with varicocele. 相似文献
62.
Mehmet Ali Uzun Neset Koksal Huseyin Kadioglu Yusuf Gunerhan Suat Aktas Nevra Dursun Ahmet Ozer Sehirli 《Surgery today》2009,39(7):592-597
Purpose To investigate the effect of N-acetylcysteine on regeneration following partial hepatectomy in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods
N-Acetylcysteine was given to seven rats with NAFLD (group 1); physiological saline was given to seven rats with NAFLD (group
2); and physiological saline was given to seven rats with a normal liver (group 3). We performed two-thirds hepatectomy in
all rats and removed the remnant liver tissue 48 h later to measure the mitotic index (MI), proliferating cell nuclear antigen,
glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.
Results Mitotic index values were significantly higher in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3, and higher in group 3 than in group 2. Proliferating
cell nuclear antigen values were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2, but no significant difference was found
in comparison with group 3. Glutathione values in group 1 were significantly higher than in group 2 and MDA values in group
1 were lower than in group 2. There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 3 in GSH and MDA values, in both the
two-thirds hepatectomy and 48-h tissues.
Conclusions
N-Acetylcysteine enhanced regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats with NAFLD. We believe that it exerted this effect
through its influence on oxidative stress. 相似文献
63.
64.
Ozlem Haliloglu Burak Dogangun Bahar Ozcabi Hanife Ugur Kural Fatma Ela Keskin Hande Mefkure Ozkaya Fatma Colkesen Pamukcu Elif Bektas Burc Cagri Poyraz Hakan Buber Olcay Evliyaoglu Pinar Kadioglu 《Pituitary》2016,19(4):391-398
Purpose
To determine the physical status and intelligence scores of children of acromegalic mothers and to compare them with those of children from mothers without acromegaly.Methods
Six women with acromegaly who became pregnant under follow-up between 2010 and 2014 and their 16 children (group A) were assessed and compared with 16 children of healthy women (group B) and 15 children of women with prolactinoma (group C). The physical examinations of children were performed by the department of pediatric endocrinology and intelligence quotient (IQ) testing was undertaken by adult and pediatric psychiatry departments, using appropriate scales for their ages.Results
Six of the 16 children (girls/boys: 7/9) were born after the diagnosis of acromegaly. Five of the 6 pregnancies occured when the patients were taking somatostatin analogs, none continued taking the drugs during pregnancy. The mean IQ of groups A, B, and C were 106.4 ± 12.5, 105.3 ± 12.5, and 103.2 ± 16.1 respectively (p > 0.05). The mean ages, birth percentiles, recent weight and height standard deviation scores were similar between groups (p > 0.05). Two siblings from group A and 1 child from group B were large for gestational age at birth. At recent follow-up, two children from group A were found tall for their age and one from group C was short for his age and was placed under the care of pediatric endocrinology clinic.Conclusions
Pregnancies in acromegaly seems to be uneventful and the general health status and IQ scores of children from women with and without acromegaly were found similar.65.
Kadioglu P Oral G Sayitoglu M Erensoy N Senel B Gazioglu N Sav A Cetin G Ozbek U 《Pituitary》2008,11(1):29-35
Aromatase (P450AROM) converts testosterone to estrogen. This conversion could be important in normal physiology and estradiol-induced
tumorigenesis in human pituitary. The objective of this study was to examine the expression of P450AROM in normal human pituitary
and determine the gender difference. We examined aromatase expression in 19 normal human pituitary glands [13 males, 6 females,
median age: 30 years (interquartile ranges, IQR: 23–63)] obtained from autopsy. We demonstrated aromatase gene expression
levels by quantitative RT-PCR and aromatase protein with immunohistochemical staining in normal male and female human pituitary.
Although median relative expression level of aromatase mRNA of male individuals [median ΔCt = 42.6 (IQR: 7.6–93.9)] was higher than the female individuals [median ΔCt = 3.9 (IQR:0–44.8)], we could not determine a significant gender difference in aromatase mRNA levels (p = 0.2). The difference between the aromatase protein density by immunohistochemistry was not significant between genders
(p = 0.78). The aromatase levels were also not correlated with the age of the study subjects (p = 0.42 r = −0.21). The results indicate that aromatase enzyme is present in human pituitary. The amount and the density of the enzyme
show a large variance among different individuals. Although higher mRNA expression was observed in male pituitary compared
to female pituitary, there was no statistically significant difference for gender or age. 相似文献
66.
67.
68.
Adhesion of rheumatoid peripheral blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells to high endothelial venules of gut mucosa. 下载免费PDF全文
Mononuclear cells isolated from paired blood and synovial fluid of seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed cytoadherence to porcine Peyer's patch high endothelial venules using the Stamper-Woodruff method. A significantly greater proportion of binding was found among the synovial fluid lymphocytes. These would appear to be a population of cells that share adherence characteristics with cells known to be of gut mucosal origin, suggesting that in rheumatoid arthritis some lymphocytes derived from mucosa migrate to joints. 相似文献
69.
Eighteen patients with clinically active rheumatoid arthritis, satisfying
the ARA criteria, were admitted to hospital for i.v. methylprednisolone
pulse therapy. Studies of circulating lymphocyte subsets 1 h before and 24
h after pulsing were carried out together with studies on their adhesion to
endothelium-containing lamina propria of porcine gut at various time
points. Additionally, circulating VCAM-1 was estimated pre- and post-pulse
by ELISA. We observed a marked fall (59%) in mononuclear cell adhesion 24 h
post-pulse therapy (P < 0.001). Accompanying this was a significant,
though slight, fall in circulating mononuclear cells (P < 0.01), mainly
involving T cells. However, the degree of reduction in cell adhesion did
not appear to reflect change in any particular circulating subset, but was
more likely due to changes in adhesion molecule expression of several
subsets. No significant change in circulating VCAM-1 was observed. It would
appear, therefore, that the early beneficial effect of steroid pulsing in
rheumatoid arthritis coincides with a demonstrable reduction in cell
adhesion to gut. This may have implications for the pathogenesis of this
disease.
相似文献
70.
The study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the reliability of the diagnostic and location tests in Cushing’s Syndrome (CS). Eighty-seven patients diagnosed with CS between 1995 and 2007 by Endocrinology Metabolism Department of Cerrahpasa Medical School were included in the study. The control group consisted of 91 patients who presented to the outpatient clinic because of obesity. The diagnostic tests were as follows: 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST), 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC), midnight cortisol level (MCL), ACTH level and overnight 8 mg DST. The sensitivity and specificity of UFC were 81 and 66 % respectively for the cut-off point of 50 μg/day, whereas they were 64 and 76 % respectively for the cut-off point of 100 μg/day. For the cut-off value of 1.8/μg/dL for MCL and 1 mDST, the sensitivity rates were 100 and 98 %, while the specificity rates were 88 and 33 %, respectively. Among the location tests, the sensitivity and specificity of ACTH under 10 pg/mL for adrenal CS were 92 and 94 % respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ACTH higher than 30 pg/mL for ACTH-dependent CS were 69 and 100 % respectively. The sensitivity rates of 8 mg DST for 50 and 60 % suppressions were 83 and 79 % respectively, whereas the specificity rates were 75 and 88 % respectively. 1 mg DST (cut-off <1.8 μg/dL) and UFC (50 μg/24 h) are appropriate tests for screening CS. Overnight 8 mg DST with 60 % suppression for Cushing’s Disease (CD) and ACTH levels <10 pg/mL for adrenal CS, ACTH levels >30 pg/mL for ACTH dependency were identified as the best tests for the differential diagnosis of the subtypes. 相似文献