头颈部良性神经源性肿瘤1H MRS的表现特点

目的：探讨头颈部良性神经源性肿瘤在单体素^1H MRS上的表现特点。材料和方法：共收集经单体素。HMRS检查，并经手术病理证实的头颈部神经源性肿瘤14例（神经鞘瘤11例，神经纤维瘤2例，颈动脉体瘤1例）。采用点分析波谱法（PRESS：TE=144ms，14例）和激励回波法（STEAM：TE=30ms，11例）进行。HMRS空间定位，以胆碱和脂质代谢物为标准评价所有肿瘤。波谱图上，胆碱和脂质分别在3．2ppm和0．9—1．4ppm区域识别。结果：采用PRESS后，14例神经源性肿瘤中检测出胆碱代谢物者11例，检出脂质代谢物者6例。胆碱和脂质代谢物同时检出者5例，仅检出胆碱者6例，仅检出脂质者1例，胆碱和脂质均未检出者2例。采用STEAM后，11例肿瘤中检出胆碱代谢物和脂质者分别为3例和8例。结论：头颈部良性神经源性肿瘤的单体素。HMRS表现具有多样性，多数肿瘤以长TEPRESS上胆碱峰的显示为特点，长TEPRESS能较STEAM更好地检出良性神经源性肿瘤内的胆碱代谢物。     

螺旋CT及CAD技术在人工关节定制设计中的应用研究

随着生物医用材料研制和医学的迅速发展，以及生活水平、医疗保健、康复水平的提高，人们对自身组织、器官及骨骼缺损的修复和置换方面的要求日益提高，尤其对人造骨骼和人工关节的需求越来越广泛。由于计算机断层成像技术CT（computed tomography）已经成为显示和研究人体内部结构非常有用的手段，将计算机辅助设计技术CAD（Computer aided design）和计算机辅助工程CAE（Computer aided Engineering）等相关技术应用于人造骨骼和内置假体的设计，不仅可以提高产品的设计质量，同时，结合CT和计算机三维重建方法，     

1126例住院心脏病病人病因分析

目的 回顾性分析1126例住院心脏病病人的病因,为今后防治工作提供初步依据.方法 收集2000年1月～2004年12月住我科的心脏病病人的病历资料,用回顾性方法进行统计分析.结果 1126例心脏病病人的病因分别是高心病(34.2%)、冠心病(18.0%)、肺心病(13.7%)、联合性心脏病(11.9%)、扩心病(7.8%)、风心病(5.8%)、退行性心脏瓣膜病(3.9%)、急性病毒性心肌炎(2.8%),先心病(1.9%).结论 今后防治工作重点在于实施有效的高血压病和冠心病的防治,还要重视慢性肺心病和风心病的防治.     

曼氏血吸虫与日本血吸虫交叉免疫原性的血清学实验研究

以曼氏血吸虫的虫卵和成虫免疫家兔后所产生的特异性抗体,可用以日本血吸虫虫卵、尾蚴和成虫为抗原分别进行的COP,CHR和ELACIEP测出,表明两种人体血吸虫存有显著的交叉抗原成分。应用此种血清交叉反应性,以检测抗异种人体血吸虫的抗体,似有效而可取的,可用以辅助诊断援外回国人员是否感染国外人体血吸虫病。     

白术、枳实、玫瑰花挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的制备工艺研究

目的确定白术、枳实、玫瑰花挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的最佳包合工艺。方法采用正交试验法,对挥发油与β-环糊精的包合进行3因素3水平考察。结果挥发油与β-CD投料比为1:9,β-CD与加水量的比为9:100倍,包合时间为4h,包合率为85.3%。结论用此法得到的挥发油-β-环糊精包合物的包合率较高,包合物性质稳定,而且包合操作简单。     

Influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation in pigs with intracranial hypertension

BACKGROUND: Moderate hypothermia is one of the effective therapeutic methods for head injury in recent years, there are many mechanisms of moderate hypothermia for brain protection, and its influence on cerebral oxygenation is also one of them. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation of animals with acute intracranial hypertension, and further investigate the protective mechanism of moderate hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. MATERIALS: Twenty healthy little pigs, either male or female, weighing 4.5–5.5 kg, were used. Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system (Diametrics Company, British); CMA/100 micro-injection pump (Carnegie Company, Sweden). METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Changzheng Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in November, 2001. The pigs were randomized into two groups: the normothermia group (control group, n =10) and moderate hypothermia group (n =10). ① Bilateral femoral arteries were separated, one was connected to pressometer for monitoring mean arterial pressure (MEP), and the other for analysis of blood gases [including peripheral blood pH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), HCO3–]. ② Rectal temperature was monitored with mercurial thermometer. ③ Intracranial pressure was monitored using Camino optic ICP probe placed in the subdural space. ④ Neurotrend multiparameter monitoring sensor was inserted into the white matter for about 4 cm to determine cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP, CPP=MAP(ICP), brain tissue partial oxygen pressure (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), HCO3– and brain temperature. The rectal temperature of animals in the moderate hypothermia group was lowered to 34 ℃ using ice bags, and the body temperature was maintained at 33–35 ℃ for 2 hours. The changes of the parameters were observed continuously, and the pigs in the normothermia group were not treated with cooling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP; Indexes of cerebral oxygenation detected with Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system; ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group. RESULTS: All the 20 pigs were involved in the analysis of results. ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP and indexes of cerebral oxygenation: In the moderate hypothermia group, the ICP after cooling was obviously lower than that before cooling [(3.31±1.19), (5.33±0.95) kPa, P < 0.05], CCP was higher, brain tissue PCO2 [(12.03±1.73), (10.59±2.01) kPa, P < 0.05], and brain tissue pH value was higher [(7.03±1.63), (9.40±1.30) kPa, P < 0.05], whereas the brain temperature was decreased as compared with that before cooling [(34.9±0.3), (37.2±0.2) ℃, P < 0.05]. ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group: There were no significant differences in the parameters of peripheral arterial blood gases analysis before and after cooling in the moderate hypothermia group (P > 0.05) CONCLUSION: Moderate hypothermia will not impair the cerebral oxygenation, and it can reduce brain tissue CO2 and decrease brain tissue acidosis.     

高血压病患者动态脉压与左心室肥厚的关系

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the ambulatory pulse pressure and aortic root dimension (AOD) in essential hypertensive patients. METHODS: We monitored the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and applied echocardiography in 107 essential hypertensive patients. Using the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) as an index in evaluating LVH, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 29 cases in the LVH group and 78 in the non-LVH group. RESULTS: The average levels of 24-hour pulse pressure, daytime pulse pressure, nighttime pulse pressure and AOD were significantly different between patients with LVH and without LVH (P < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the changes in nighttime pulse pressure and AOD were closely related to LVMI (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The pulse pressure and AOD are important factors leading to LVH in patients with essential hypertension.     

高原红细胞增多症患者血清尿酸水平分析

目的研究高原红细胞增多症患者(HAPC)血清尿酸(uric ac id,UA)的水平及其临床意义。方法选择HAPC患者78例,采集患者静脉血检测血清中尿酸的含量,并与80例高原健康人作对照研究。结果HAPC组血清尿酸的含量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论在治疗高原红细胞增多症时应关注患者血尿酸水平。     

雌激素对穹隆海马伞切断大鼠脑内nAchR的干预作用

目的以双侧穹隆-海马伞切断制作阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠模型,观察脑内海马CA1区和皮层区烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(nAchR)表达的变化,探讨与AD相关的发病机制,并观察雌激素的干预作用。方法健康雌性W istar大鼠,随机分为3组:(1)穹隆-海马伞切断组;(2)雌激素治疗组;(3)假手术对照组;每组大鼠5只。在脑立体定位仪上切断穹隆-海马伞,建立模拟AD动物模型。应用免疫组织化学技术观察AD大鼠海马CA1区和皮层区的nAchR阳性细胞表达的变化,以及应用外源性雌激素的干预作用。结果与对照组大鼠脑内nAchR表达比较,穹隆-海马伞切断组大鼠脑内海马CA1区、皮层区nAchR表达显著减少(P<0.05);与穹隆-海马伞切断组比较,雌激素治疗组海马CA1区、皮层区nAchR表达显著增加(P<0.01),但与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论穹隆-海马伞切断组大鼠脑内海马CA1区、皮层区nAchR的阳性细胞显著减少,补充外源性雌激素治疗后,上述各脑区内的nAchR表达显著增加。nAchR的变化与AD的病理变化过程密切相关,补充雌激素可以干预这种病理过程。     

Validity and reliability of the Bengali version of the Hepatitis Quality of Life Questionnaire

Purpose  

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Bangladesh, and the quality of life (QoL) of these patients remains unknown as there is no instrument available in the native language. In this study, we translated the 56-item Hepatitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (HQLQ) into Bengali and evaluated its validity and reliability.