论病案室病案管理模式的若干问题

病案管理是医院科学管理的重要组成部分,也是医院现代化管理的重要环节。随着社会的进步和《医疗事故处理条例》的出台,病案管理的模式也随即发生了深刻变化,依法管理病案、依法利用病案,对病案管理提出了更新更高的标准。在新形势下,提高病案管理质量,必须打破传统病案管理方法滞后局面,建立反映病案管理质量的指标体系,实行病案管理全员全过程质量控制,对病案采取封闭式管理和开放型服务的管理模式,要应用新理论、新技术、新方法管理和使用病案,促进病案管理工作的不断发展。     

Experimental study on inhibitory effect of bridgy duct of hepatic artery on apoptosis of liver and bile duct cells

Objective： To investigate whether the method of bridgy duct established between the recipient＇s spleen artery and the donor＇s gastroduodenal artery could inhibit the apoptosis of liver and bile duct cells caused by hepatic artery ischemia. Methods： Twenty-four mongrel dogs from Xi＇an area were used to establish simplified models of dog orthotopic liver transplantation and divided into three groups randomly： HAI group （hepatic artery ischemia group）,BBB group（bypassing the blood by a bridgy duct） and control group. After cold perfusion, The samples were collected from liver and bile duct in each group at different time and fixed in glutaraldehyde and 4% polyformaldehyde respectively. At last, the apoptosis of liver and bile duct cells were observed and the apoptotic indexes were calculated. Results： Two hours after cold perfusion, apoptotic phenomenon was common in HAI group, rare in BBB group, while no apoptotic phenomenon was observed in control group. TUNEL staining showed that there was no significant difference in apoptotic index among the three groups immediately after cold perfusion. However, with time going, the apoptotic cells were increased in three groups, and the difference in apoptotic index was significant among three groups （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions： Bridgy duct of hepatic artery can inhibit the apoptosis of liver and bile duct cells caused by HAI significantly.     

Safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine booster in taiwanese toddlers.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Pneumococcal infection causes high morbidity and mortality in children. Prevention of pneumococcal diseases by effective vaccination is an urgent need. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate (7VPnC) vaccine (serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F) booster dose administered at 15-20 months of age in Taiwanese toddlers. METHODS: Fifty-eight healthy Taiwanese toddlers who were primed with three doses of the 7VPnC vaccine in infancy received a booster dose in an open-label, noncomparative trial. Routine oral polio vaccine and diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis vaccine were administered concomitantly. Surveillance for safety was conducted after vaccination. Antibody concentration to each of the seven pneumococcal serotypes was measured before and 1 month after the booster dose. RESULTS: Mild to moderate local reactions were common (45-50%). Fever, fussiness, restlessness, and loss of appetite were the most frequent systemic reactions (31-50%). Before the booster dose of vaccine, 68% (for serotype 18C) to 100% (for serotype 14) of subjects had antibody concentrations >or= 0.2 microg/mL to different pneumococcal serotypes. After the booster dose, the geometric mean concentration of IgG increased significantly (p < 0.001) for all seven serotypes indicating the induction of immunologic memories. Ninety-eight percent of the toddlers had antibody concentration >or= 0.2 microg/mL against all serotypes after the booster. CONCLUSION: The 7VPnC vaccine containing the prevalent serotypes in Taiwan is safe and effective in boosting immunity against pneumococcal disease in Taiwanese children.     

胰岛素抵抗、脂肪因子与多囊卵巢综合征

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)在育龄期妇女中的发生率为5%-10%,患者中胰岛素抵抗(insulinresistance,IR)的发生率高达50%。PCOS患者IR机理十分复杂,可能涉及胰岛素调节葡萄糖合成、运输、利用、贮存及降解等代谢过程的多个器官。根据胰岛素调节糖代谢作用过程的不同环节,IR可分为受体前水平、受体水平和受体后水平。PCOS患者IR的主要原因是胰岛素受体后信号传导障碍。近十多年来,脂肪组织为内分泌器官已成为学术界的共识,瘦素(leptin)、脂联素(adiponectin)、抵抗素(resistin)相继被发现。这些脂肪因子与IR及PCOS之间的联系是复杂和多样化的,其相互作用的途径和机制尚未完全清楚,尚需进行进一步研究。     

妊娠期高血压疾病肿瘤坏死因子-α及IL-6 IL-8在胎盘及血清中的表达及意义

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）与妊娠期高血压疾病的关系。方法 2002-06—2005-02哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院采用免疫组化法和ELISA法检测49例子痫、子痫前期患者，22例正常妊娠孕妇胎盘中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8表达状况和外周血中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平。结果 TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8在妊娠期高血压疾病胎盘和正常妊娠胎盘中均有表达，而在疾病组中上述因子表达均较正常妊娠组明显增加（P〈0．01），且随着病情加重其表达增强。妊娠期高血压疾病组血清中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平均明显高于正常妊娠组（P〈0．05），同样随着病情加重，升高明显。结论 炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8在妊娠期高血压疾病发病机制中具有重要作用，其产生与胎盘有关。     

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome after the use of venlafaxine in a patient with generalized anxiety disorder.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially lethal adverse reaction to neuroleptics, which is characterized by hyperthermia, extrapyramidal symptoms, altered consciousness and autonomic dysfunction. Although NMS is most commonly induced by the high-potency neuroleptics, its development has also been associated with the use of non-neuroleptic agents that block central dopamine pathways. A 68-year-old man with generalized anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms presented at the emergency department (ED) with high fever, tremor, muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolysis and altered mental status. NMS was considered to have been caused by the recent addition and subsequent dose increase in his treatment regimen of venlafaxine, a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. He was successfully treated with bromocriptine, lorazepam, and fluid hydration in the ED and intensive care unit.     

Molecular Characterization of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Isolated from Hubei Brown Ducks

The objective of this study was to characterize the genome structure of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) isolated from Hubei brown ducks. The natural carrier rate of DHBV in adult ducks from Hubei area was investigated and the DHBV DNA-positive serum screened out. The complete genome of a DHBV strain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into T vector and sequenced. The results showed that the carrier rate of DHBV in Hubei brown ducks was 10 %. This strain (GenBank accession number DQ276978) had a genome of 3024 nucleotides with three overlapping open reading frames encoding the surface, core and polymerase proteins respectively. Comparison of the strain with 17 DHBV strains registered in GenBank revealed a homology from 89.3 % to 93.5 % at the nucleotide level. The sequences of the structural and functional domains of these proteins were highly conserved. The strain was found to share more signature amino acids in the polymerase genes with the "Chinese" DHBV strains than those of the "Western" country strains. This finding was also corroborated by a phylogenetic tree analysis. Therefore, the DQ276978 might belong to a subtype of the Chinese DHBV strains.     

A Survey on the Sexual and Contraceptive Behaviors in Chinese Female College Students

The sexuality of college students, a sexually active population, has been drawing the attention of research-ers[1]. In China, an increasing number of cases of sexu-ally-infected AIDS has been reported[2]. Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct investigation concerning the sexual behaviors of college students. In the past, re-searchers investigated the sexuality in Chinese college students, but no report has been available that especially focused on the sexual behaviors of female col…     

脐带源间充质干细胞促进造血细胞在NOD/SCID小鼠归巢

目的探讨脐带源间充质干细胞(hUC-MSC)在促进造血细胞归巢,提高造血干细胞植入中的作用. 方法 RT-PCR检测经体外培养扩增所得hUC-MSC归巢相关分子的表达;将hUC-MSC和CFDA-SE荧光标记的人脐带血单个核细胞(MNC)植入NOD/SCID小鼠建立共移植模型,分离共移植24 h后小鼠骨髓有核细胞,用流式细胞仪和荧光倒置显微镜观察脐带血造血细胞在NOD/SCID小鼠骨髓中含量的变化. 结果 hUC-MSC表达SDF-1及其受体CXCR-4以及相关黏附分子CD11a/ICAM-1、CD49d/VCAM-1;在hUC-MSC共移植情况下,流式细胞仪检测和荧光显微镜下细胞计数均发现人脐带血MNC在小鼠骨髓中的含量与单独脐带血移植相比较有显著提高[(145±59)/1×105vs (298±72)/1×105;(755±158)/5×105vs (1598±227)/5×105个骨髓有核细胞;n=9,P<0.05)]. 结论 hUC-MSC具有表达化学趋化因子及相关黏附分子的特性,有利于实现自身的归巢定位并引导造血干祖细胞的有效归巢与植入;动物模型的建立进一步证实其引导脐带血MNC在NOD/SCID小鼠体内向造血龛--骨髓富集(归巢)的作用.