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81.
CA McLean JW Ironside MP Alpers PW Brown L Cervenakova RMcD Anderson CL Masters 《Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)》1998,8(3):429-437
The three major influences on the phenotype of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are believed to be strain of agent, route of infection and host genotype. We have compared the pathologic profiles and genotypes of the new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) and kuru. The comparison reveals that there are distinct lesional differences particularly in the prion protein (PrP) load and distribution as seen by immunohistochemistry. The clinico-pathologic phenotypes and the genotypes of these two diseases are sufficiently different to suggest that the strain of agent may play a greater role than any presumptive common route of peripherally acquired infection. 相似文献
82.
Obstetrical magnetic resonance imaging: fetal anatomy 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
McCarthy SM; Filly RA; Stark DD; Hricak H; Brant-Zawadzki MN; Callen PW; Higgins CB 《Radiology》1985,154(2):427-432
Nine patients who were 34-36 weeks pregnant underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Sagittal images using spin echo technique (TR 2.0 sec, TE 28 msec) were optimal for delineating fetal anatomy. The fetal cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous systems were depicted in all cases. The heart and major vessels were readily seen due to the natural contrast of flowing blood. The intensity of the fluid-filled lungs greatly increased with a longer TR or TE, delimiting thorax from liver. The brain was relatively featureless due to the lack of gray-white matter differentiation. The umbilical cord within the amniotic fluid and its insertion into the placenta and fetus was identified in all cases. MR is a new modality for fetal imaging that offers tissue-characterization information that complements the superior anatomic detail of ultrasound scanning. 相似文献
83.
84.
Nedocromil sodium given by the Fisonair spacer should be inhaled immediately. Multiple actuations into the spacer should be avoided. Delay of 20 seconds before sampling reduced the amount of drug available for inhalation in the respirable range by 81%. Placing two actuations into the spacer reduced the amount of drug available by 47%. 相似文献
85.
The incidence, aetiology and management of anaphylaxis presenting to an accident and emergency department 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We retrospectively studied anaphylaxis in an A&E department from
computerized records. In 1993 (Study A), of 55,000 patients seen in
casualty, nine had severe anaphylaxis (ANA) with loss of consciousness
(LOC) or fainting (about 1: 6000). Fifteen had generalized allergic
reactions (GR) without LOC or fainting, but including dyspnoea due to
laryngeal oedema or asthma, angioedema and/or urticaria. Thus there were 24
(about 1:2300) generalized reactions involving hypotension and/or
respiratory difficulty. A further case diagnosed as hyperventilation
syndrome was probably a wasp sting GR. Six cases of urticaria and/or
angioedema were also identified. Of the nine with ANA, a possible cause was
identified in eight (3 stings; 2 drugs; 3 foods). There was delay in
arrival in A&E: hypotension was noted in three and had resolved
spontaneously in six. Only 3/9 were related with adrenaline: i.v.
hydrocortisone and chlorpheniramine was the mainstay of treatment. No
investigation was recommended nor advice given on future management. Four
patients were later referred to our allergy clinic by their GPs. In study B
(aug-Oct 1994), nine cases of ANA were identified (1:1500), eight due to
bee or wasp stings. The increased incidence was probably related to more
detailed history-taking. Only three were treated with adrenaline. The use
of adrenaline for future anaphylaxis was discussed with six patients, and
five were referred to our allergy clinic. A reaction to the same allergen
had occurred previously in 24%. Improved awareness of anaphylaxis and its
management is necessary.
相似文献
86.
Effective communication between public health agencies and their external stakeholders is vital to the agencies, as well as to those they serve. Agency leaders must obtain information from stakeholders and provide information to them. A process is described whereby agencies can systematically obtain necessary information from external stakeholders, and three of the most important forms of communications are described through which an agency provides information to stakeholders: promotion of the agency, advocacy, and social marketing. Barriers to effective communication of the interpersonal, personality, organizational, operational, skill/knowledge, attitude, and nature-of-information types are described, and guidelines are provided for minimizing the impact of these barriers. 相似文献
87.
V B Longest 《The American journal of nursing》1973,73(12):2087-2089
88.
89.
B B Longest 《Hospitals》1980,54(7):91-94
The health care delivery literature of 1979 evaluated HMOs and long-term, ambulatory, and home care, glanced at the hospice movement, and found that variety is here to stay. 相似文献
90.