金属硫蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达及其与增殖凋亡的关系

目的:探讨金属硫蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达及其与癌细胞增殖、凋亡的关系。方法:采用免疫组化法检测92例食管鳞癌组织中的金属硫蛋白(MT)、增殖细胞核相关抗原(Ki-67抗原)的表达,并用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡指数。结果:92例食管鳞癌标本中65例MT呈阳性表达,阳性率为70.6%,明显高于正常食管粘膜上皮组织(3/20,P<0.01);MT表达与食管鳞癌患者年龄、性别、浸润深度及病变长度无关,而与组织分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移密切相关,MT与Ki-67抗原表达强度呈正相关,Pearson列联系数=0.227(P<0.05)。随MT表达强度的增加,癌组织凋亡指数逐渐降低。结论:MT表达与食管鳞癌的发生、发展密切相关,MT能促进癌细胞增殖,抑制细胞凋亡,可作为食管鳞癌治疗的新靶点。     

丹参酮ⅡA对兔髂动脉球囊损伤后胶原生成抑制的效应观察

目的:观察兔髂动脉损伤后,丹参酮ⅡA治疗组中膜平滑肌细胞(SMC)周围胶原变化的趋势.方法:取体重2.5～3kg纯种雄性新西兰大白兔30只,球囊导管扩张法制作左髂动脉内膜球囊损伤模型,术后分配到治疗组和对照组.治疗组丹参酮ⅡA稀释静脉注射,疗程6天;对照组采用等量生理盐水静脉注射.术后7天、14天和28天处死实验兔,将左侧髂动脉取出制作石蜡切片,并作胶原染色.结论:术后7天治疗组和对照组胶原纤维染色均不明显,术后14天和28天对照组SMCs周围可见胶原染色阳性,红染增多;治疗组14天SMCs周围也可见红染增多,但28天红染不明显;两组差异以术后28天明显(P=0.017);胶原染色随时间变化的趋势有统计学意义(P=0.005).结论:丹参酮ⅡA有抑制血管损伤后细胞外基质堆积的作用,从而可能有防治术后再狭窄的效应.     

针刺为主治疗缺血性视乳头病变临床观察

目的:观察针刺与西药治疗缺血性视乳头病变的疗效差异.方法:31例患者以针刺治疗为主,辅以穴位注射.对于发病2周之内者,局部配合球后注射.记录治疗前后视力、视野的变化.结果:治疗前后视力、视野比较,差异均有极显著性意义(P<0.001).结论:该疗法是改善缺血性视乳头病变患者视功能的有效方法.     

针刺配合复方三白散治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔59例

目的 探讨中西医结合治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的有效治疗方法.方法 将117例患者随机分为两组,治疗组采用自拟复方三白散、针刺治疗,对照组仅用西医常规治疗.结果 经统计学处理,两组痊愈率、总有效率、平均住院时间及3年总复发率比较均有显著性差异(P均＜0.01).结论 中西医结合治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔,可缩短住院时间,减轻痛苦,提高非手术治愈率.     

颧骨缝牵张成骨过程中组织超微结构变化的研究

目的:观察天然骨缝牵张成骨过程中组织和细胞超微结构的变化。方法:对牵张成骨的缝区组织经过系列处理,进行超薄切片、透射电镜观察。结果:间充质细胞在牵引早期大量增生,并不断分化为成纤维细胞和成骨细胞,后2种细胞的超微结构显示出具有活跃的合成和分泌功能。1周标本成纤维细胞沿牵引力的长轴方向排列,胞核增大,在其周围包绕着发达并扩张的内质网系统;3周标本大量增生活跃的成骨细胞和成纤维细胞,成骨细胞核仁增大、粗面内质网扩张、核糖体丰富、线粒体增多、富含紧密排列的嵴;5、8周标本中骨细胞形成并发育成熟,骨基质逐渐矿化,清晰可见新形成的胶原纤维、哈氏管,以及骨基质矿化的过程。结论:三维牵张过程中,成纤维细胞、成骨细胞活跃,缝区形成新骨。     

Characterization of the volatile organic compounds produced from green coffee in different years by gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry

The effect of storage time on green coffee volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was studied by their separation via head space solid-phase microextraction and identification via gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry. In total, 38 kinds of VOCs, mainly composed of alcohols, aldehydes, esters and ketones, were identified. The fingerprint showed that the VOCs produced by green coffee in different years had obvious differences, especially, acrolein, 3-methylbutyl acetate, butanoic acid, heptan-3-ol, and so on, that could be used to predict the storage time. In addition, with the increase of storage time, the contents of butanal, ethanol, dimethyl sulfide, propanal, butan-2-one had no obvious change, and could be considered as typical aroma characteristics of green coffee or special aroma components for variety identification. Meanwhile, principal component analysis (PCA) and “nearest neighbor” fingerprint analysis could also effectively distinguish green coffee with different storage times. Comprehensive analysis showed that GC-IMS technology could provide strong and favorable support for coffee storage.

The effect of storage time on green coffee VOCs was studied by their separation via HS-SPME and identification via GC-MS.     

真皮导管瘤一例

患者男,61岁,因头枕部丘疹3年就诊。患者于3年前无明显诱因下发现枕部丘疹,无自觉症状,后缓慢增大。否认病程中出血、溃疡、脱屑等。体检：一般情况好,各系统检查未见异常。皮肤科检查：枕部见一枚黄豆大小丘疹,直径约9 mm,淡红色,境界清晰,表面光滑,质地坚实（图1A）……     

A First-Principles Study on the Hydration Behavior of (MgO)n Clusters and the Effect Mechanism of Anti-Hydration Agents

Magnesia-based refractory is widely used in high-temperature industries; its easy hydration is, however, a key concern in refractory processing. Understanding the hydration mechanism of MgO will help in solving its hydration problem. Herein, the hydration behavior of (MgO)_n (n = 1–6) at the molecular level and the effect mechanisms of several anti-hydration agents on the hydration of (MgO)₄ were investigated with first-principles calculations. The results indicated that the following: (1) The smaller the (MgO)_n cluster size, the more favorable the hydration of MgO and the tendency to convert into Mg(OH)₂ crystal; (2) Anti-hydration agents can coordinate with the unsaturated Mg atom of (MgO)₄ to form a bond, increasing the coordination number of Mg, thus reducing its activity when reacting with H₂O; (3) The greater the number of −COOH groups and the longer the chain length in the anti-hydration agents, the better its effect of inhibiting the hydration of MgO. These findings could enhance the understanding of the mechanism of hydration of MgO and provide theoretical guidance for the design of novel anti-hydration agents.     

鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎 28例临床特征分析

目的分析经宏基因组二代测序技术(metagenopmic next generation sequencing,mNGS)确诊的 28例鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎病人的临床特点。方法回顾性分析 2019年 10月 1日至 2022年 4月 1日长沙市第一医院采用 mNGS诊断的 28例鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎病人的诊治情况。结果 28例病人中 10例为女性, 18例为男性,中位年龄 60岁; 27例病人有明确禽类接触史, 1例无。重症病例占 32.1%,多为有慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)糖尿病、高血压、冠心病或尿毒症等基础疾病病人。临床表现包括发热(100%)、畏寒(28.6%)、咳嗽、咳痰(71.4%)、气促(53.6%)。、外周血中白细胞总数多在正常范围, 96.4%的病人中性粒细胞比例增高、淋巴细胞比例降低; 96.4%病人 PCT升高,所检测病人中 ESR和 CRP升高者达 100%;分别有 71.4%和 50%病人乳酸脱氢酶和肌酸激酶增高;有 82.1%的病人谷草转氨酶增高,有 78.6%的病人白蛋白降低。胸部 CT表现单侧病变 25例、其中右肺病变 19例,常见影像改变是斑片状阴影(78.6%)、大片实变(21.4%),26例伴有胸腔积液。治疗情况:单用氟喹诺酮类(莫西沙星或者左氧氟沙星)治疗 9例,单用多西环素治疗 2例;联合用药 13例,其中青霉素类(哌拉西林他唑巴坦或头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠)联用喹诺酮类有 10例,青霉素类联合多西环素 3例。有 2例病人初始选择青霉素类加喹诺酮类药物治疗无效,改用多西环素或联用多西环素后症状缓解。 28例病人均预后良好,无死亡病例。结论鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎病人的职业史、临床表现、实验室检查结果及肺部 CT具有一定的特点;临床对可疑病例应尽早行 mNGS检测,快速过渡到精准治疗,能明显改善预后。     

Structural and functional biomarkers of the insula subregions predict sex differences in aggression subscales

Aggression is a common and complex social behavior that is associated with violence and mental diseases. Although sex differences were observed in aggression, the neural mechanism for the effect of sex on aggression behaviors remains unclear, especially in specific subscales of aggression. In this study, we investigated the effects of sex on aggression subscales, gray matter volume (GMV), and functional connectivity (FC) of each insula subregion as well as the correlation of aggression subscales with GMV and FC. This study found that sex significantly influenced (a) physical aggression, anger, and hostility; (b) the GMV of all insula subregions; and (c) the FC of the dorsal agranular insula (dIa), dorsal dysgranular insula (dId), and ventral dysgranular and granular insula (vId_vIg). Additionally, mediation analysis revealed that the GMV of bilateral dIa mediates the association between sex and physical aggression, and left dId–left medial orbital superior frontal gyrus FC mediates the relationship between sex and anger. These findings revealed the neural mechanism underlying the sex differences in aggression subscales and the important role of the insula in aggression differences between males and females. This finding could potentially explain sexual dimorphism in neuropsychiatric disorders and improve dysregulated aggressive behavior.