膀胱癌术后腹壁切口种植转移的治疗与预后

目的　总结膀胱部分切除术后腹壁切口种植转移患者的诊治效果。　方法　 1985～1999年共收治膀胱癌术后腹壁切口种植转移患者 10例。男 9例 ,女 1例。年龄 39～ 6 8岁。移行细胞癌 6例 ,均为低分化G3 肿瘤 ;移行细胞癌合并鳞癌和腺癌各 1例 ,鳞癌和粘液腺癌各 1例。腹壁转移灶 1.0～ 6 .9cm× 1.4～ 11.5cm。　结果　采用膀胱全切加腹壁转移灶切除 2例 ,经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术 (TURBT)加腹壁转移灶切除 1例 ,尿流改道加放疗和 (或 )化疗 2例 ,腹壁转移灶切除加放疗和 (或 )化疗 3例 ,单纯放疗和 (或 )化疗 2例。 10例中死亡 7例 ,其中 6例生存 4～ 14个月 ,1例生存4 1个月 ;3例存活者随访 5～ 9个月 ,未见复发。　结论　膀胱癌术后腹壁切口种植转移癌一般分化差 ,或合并其他癌。膀胱全切加肿物切除 ,辅助放化疗虽然能延长患者生存期 ,但预后很差     

Protein Losing Enteropathy in Severe Atopic Dermatitis in an Exclusively Breast-Fed Infant

Abstract:   We first report a case of protein losing enteropathy in severe atopic dermatitis in an exclusively breast-fed 5-month-old infant. Protein losing enteropathy was confirmed by fecal α₁-antitrypsin clearance test and imaged successfully by ^99mTc-human serum albumin scintigraphy. The present case highlights that protein losing enteropathy in severe infantile atopic dermatitis is being a topic of concern and also an issue even in exclusive breast feeding patients.     

丙泊酚对胆道感染患者髓样细胞触发受体-1表达的影响

目的探讨丙泊酚对胆道感染患者外周血髓样细胞触发受体-1(TREM-1)的影响。方法 48例严重胆道感染患者,随机分为两组:丙泊酚处理组(P 组,n=28),术中用丙泊酚6 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)及异氟醚(呼气末异氟醚浓度维持在1%)维持麻醉;对照组(N 组,n=20),术中用异氟醚维持麻醉(呼气末异氟醚浓度维持在2.5%)。上述两组术中均间断静脉注射阿曲库铵、芬太尼维持麻醉.且用量无差异。两组分别在手术前及手术后12、24、48、72 h 留取血液标本,用流式细胞术检测外周血 TREM-1蛋白的表达;用酶联免疫吸附实验法(ELISA)检测血肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)表达水平。结果术前两组患者的 TREM-1及 TNF-α含量差异无统计学意义;P 组患者术后12、24、48、72 h 的 TREM-1及 TNF-α水平均明显低于 N 组(P<0.05)。结论严重胆道感染患者可致外周血TREM-1蛋白高水平表达。丙泊酚可降低 TREM-1蛋白表达水平.减轻炎症反应。     

核基质蛋白22在上尿路移行细胞癌诊断中的作用

目的　探讨核基质蛋白 2 2 (NMP 2 2 )在上尿路移行细胞癌诊断中的作用。　方法　对2 4例肾盂癌及输尿管癌患者和 2 0例良性泌尿系疾病患者尿中NMP 2 2浓度及尿细胞学进行检测 ,计算诊断敏感性和特异性。　结果　 2 4例TCC患者尿液标本尿细胞学阳性 14例 ,NMP 2 2阳性 2 1例 ;2 0例良性泌尿系疾病患者尿液标本细胞学阳性 1例 ,NMP 2 2阳性 4例 ,NMP 2 2的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为 87.5 %和 80 .0 % ,尿细胞学为 5 8.3%和 95 .0 % ,比较二者敏感性差别有显著性意义。　结论　NMP 2 2可能成为检测上尿路移行细胞癌的良好辅助手段     

Huge adrenal haemangioma

Adrenal tumours are either functioning or non-functioning. Non-functioning adrenal tumours are generally asymptomatic and usually of enormous proportions at the time of presentation. A case is presented here of a patient with a huge right adrenal haemangioma which was successfully treated surgically. This unusual tumour was 25 cm in diameter, was well encapsulated and weighed 4 kg. The literature pertaining to this interesting case is reviewed.     

腹腔镜肾上腺手术中转开放手术及合并症分析

目的　分析腹腔镜肾上腺手术中转开放手术原因及合并症处理。　方法　对 19例腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术中 8例转开放手术的原因及合并症进行分析。　结果　 8例手术中转开放手术患者包括右肾上腺中静脉出血 1例 ,胰尾遮挡肾上腺肿瘤暴露困难 1例 ,左肾上腺囊肿被副脾遮挡1例 ,手术过程中气腹不满意 2例 ,未找到病灶 2例 ,腹膜后镜手术穿刺时引起腰大肌出血 1例。术后高热 3例 ,其中腹膜后脓肿 1例 ,反应性胸膜炎 1例。　结论　腹腔镜和腹膜后镜手术需要一定经验和熟练的配合 ,初学者操作易出现合并症 ,导致手术失败。腹膜后镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病更简便     

雄激素剥夺条件下阻断自噬增加LNCaP细胞凋亡

Objective To investigate the change of apoptosis in LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic process under androgen removal conditions. Methods The autophagic level was deter-mined by using confocal microscopy and RT-PCR. The DAPI staining was used to indicate the apopto-sis of LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic by 3-MA. Also, Z-VAD-FMK was used to extend the apoptosis results. Results ①Androgen deprivation led to increased autophagy in LNCaP cells. LN-CaP cells cultured in complete medium(CM) presented low autophagic process with 1.9 scores. After 24 hours, the punetate GFP-LC3 structures were accumulated in the cells cultured in serum-free medi-um (SF)(2.64 scores). In contrast, the number of punctate GFP-LC3 remained at a very low level (1.85 scores), when cells were incubated with DHT in SFA(serum-free medium+DHT). Statistical analysis showed the significant difference between SF and SFA (P<0.01). Semiquantitative RT-PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expression of LC3. Indeed, cells grown in the medium without serum had a higher LC3 mRNA expression with the highest at 12 hour time point as compared with the cells grown in CM. DHT treatment reduced the level of LC3 mRNA. ②Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA increased the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. LNCaP cells in SF and SFA just presented a basal level of apoptosis, which is (3.19±1.09)% and (3.01±0.33)% , respectively. Under androgen-free con-ditions, inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA could increase apoptosis significantly(10. 90±2.91%). While Z-VAD-FMK, a pan Caspase inhibitor, was able to suppress this apoptotic process to the level of (1.16±0.52)%, which was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions Androgen removal can lead to the increase of autophagy in LNCaP cells. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy promotes the occurrence of apoptosis.     

神经淋巴瘤病一例报告

神经淋巴瘤病(neurolymphomatosis,NL)是指非霍奇金淋巴瘤浸润周围神经系统,临床表现以周围神经损害为主,病理检查可以发现肿瘤细胞在神经组织浸润伴随有髓神经纤维轴索或髓鞘损害.本文报道1例通过神经活检证实的神经淋巴瘤病.     

Lymphoceles: imaging characteristics and percutaneous management

Twenty-five patients who had lymphoceles underwent sectional imaging and interventional radiologic procedures. Viewed using sonography, lymphoceles were hypoechoic to anechoic, occasionally with internal septa and debris. Low numbers (occasionally negative values) were observed using computed tomography (CT); these numbers strongly suggest the diagnosis of lymphocele. Calcification was observed on CT images of one patient. Diagnostic aspiration revealed tan to yellow fluid containing many lymphocytes; pathognomonic fat globules were observed in four cases. Malignant cells were found in two collections, an unusual occurrence. Therapeutic needle aspiration and short-term catheter drainage were usually unsuccessful (only one of five patients [20%] was cured). Long-term (1-5-week) catheter drainage cured 11 of 14 patients (78.6%). Sclerosing agents may have been beneficial for lymphocele obliteration in three of four patients. For most patients, lymphoceles may be diagnosed and treated successfully using radiologic means.     

CT引导经皮置钉治疗病理性骶髂关节疼痛

背景大多数后路骨盆和骶髂关节转移肿瘤患者为临终患者,其治疗目的主要是姑息治疗和减轻疼痛,提高患者生活质量.目的探讨在CT引导下经皮微创技术置入空心拉力螺钉治疗病理性骶髂关节疼痛.设计前后对照的临床试验.地点和对象在浙江省宁波市第六医院完成.8例骶髂关节转移肿瘤患者,男4例,女4例;年龄12～83岁.方法对8例骶髂关节转移肿瘤患者试行在CT引导下经皮微创技术置入空心拉力螺钉稳定病理性骶髂关节不稳.术前和术后进行Enneking疼痛评分.主要观察指标手术前后疼痛恢复情况.结果经2年5个月随访,患者疼痛减轻,平均3.2分,范围0～5分.结论CT引导下经皮置入空心拉力螺钉能有效缓解病理性骶髂关节不稳所致的疼痛.