Differential growth factor retention by platelet-rich plasma composites.

PURPOSE: This study evaluates the temporal sequence and growth factor release from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with different bone substitutes (BS), to identify an optimal substrate for extended growth factor retention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PRP was clotted with bovine thrombin or thrombin receptor activator peptide-6 (TRAP). In addition, PRP was clotted using Allogro (Ceramed, Lakewood, CO), BioGlass (Mo-Sci, Rolla, MN), or BioOss (Osteohealth, Shirley, NY). The effects of media exchange and BS on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) release were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: At day 1, the thrombin group released 36% more PDGF than the TRAP group and 80% more than the BS groups. At 7 days, PDGF release was the greatest for the TRAP group. PDGF release was minimal for all groups at day 14, with BS groups retaining 60% more PDGF than thrombin clots. Similarly, the thrombin group released the greatest amount of TGF beta (81.4% of the total), whereas TRAP and BS groups released significantly less TGF beta at day 1. Compared with thrombin, TRAP retained 39.2% more TGF beta, whereas BS groups retained even greater levels (Allogro, 54.3%; BioOss, 45.8%; BioGlass, 67.0%). No significant difference in TGF beta release was observed among the substitutes after day 1. The BS groups continued to retain TGF beta after 14 days, whereas all TGF beta in the thrombin clots was depleted. CONCLUSIONS: PRP preparation with thrombin results in a large, immediate release of growth factors that could be lost into the interstitium in vivo. TRAP-BS may prove more efficacious than thrombin in sustaining growth factor levels critical for the cascade of events leading to bone formation.     

Treatment of gingival fibromatosis associated with Zimmermann-Laband syndrome

BACKGROUND: Gingival fibromatosis is a rare condition characterized by a generalized enlargement of the buccal and lingual aspects of the attached and marginal gingiva. METHODS: This case report describes the periodontal management of a 13-year-old female patient with gingival fibromatosis associated with Zimmermann-Laband syndrome. The patient presented with gingival enlargement involving the maxillary and the mandibular arches, anterior open bite, and non-erupted teeth. Periodontal treatment included gingivectomy in all four quadrants. RESULTS: Histopathologic evaluation of the excised tissue supported the diagnosis of gingival fibromatosis. A significant improvement in esthetic appearance and eruption of the non-erupted teeth were obtained. The patient was referred for appropriate orthodontic treatment and has been closely followed for the earliest signs of recurrence of gingival enlargement. CONCLUSIONS: The successful therapy for gingival fibromatosis depends on correctly identifying the etiological factors and improving the impaired function and esthetic appearance through surgical intervention and adjunctive orthodontics. Maintaining treatment results depends on preservation of periodontal health.     

Expression and significance of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha and its receptor CXCR4 in human dental pulp cells

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CXCR4 in cultured human dental pulp cells (HDPC) in vitro and the corresponding ligand SDF-1alpha level of HDPC supenatants stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and to explore the role of SDF-1alpha on the proliferation and the migration of HDPC. METHODS: The expression of CXCR4 in HDPC was detected by immunocytochemistry technique and indirect immunofluorescence technique. The culture supernatants of HDPC were collected after HDPC had been simulated by LPS and TNF-alpha of different concentrations for 48h and then the SDF-1alpha level was assayed by quantitative sandwich ELISA. Meanwhile, the effects of recombinant human SDF-1alpha (rhSDF-1alpha) on the proliferation and the migration of HDPC at different concentrations were observed by MTT and Boyden Chamber Assay. RESULTS: CXCR4 was expressed in cytomembrane of HDPC and SDF-1alpha was secreted into their normal cell supernatants with a concentration of (4513.55 +/- 962.92) ng/L. The secretion of SDF-1alpha was both significantly decreased by stimulation with LPS and TNF-alpha (P < 0.05). In addition, rhSDF-1alpha stimulated the HDPC proliferation at the concentrations of 50, 100, 200 microg/L (P < 0.01) and increased the chemotactic migration of HDPC significantly after 9h's incubation with the concentrations of 50, 100 microg/L (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: SDF-1alpha accelerated the proliferation and the migration of HDPC which expressed CXCR4. SDF-1-CXCR4 axis may play a role in repair of pulp injury.     

细菌素免疫蛋白调控变形链球菌抗菌敏感性及生物膜形成的实验研究

目的 观察细菌素免疫蛋白相关基因对变形链球菌抗菌敏感性及生物膜形成的影响,探讨细菌素免疫蛋白与细菌抗菌剂耐受性的关系,为生物膜抗菌敏感性的研究提供基础数据.方法筛选培养细菌素免疫蛋白基因突变株,绘制生长曲线.酶标仪检测不同质量浓度氨苄青霉素(0.04、0.05、0.06、0.07及0.08 mg/L)、氟化钠(50、100、150、200及250 mg/L)及不同质量分数的次氯酸钠(0.078%、0.156%、0.313%、0.625%及1.250%)作用下变形链球菌标准株、△immA-和△immB-突变株菌液的吸光度值.应用最小生物膜清除浓度(minimal biofilm eradicatin concentration,MBEC)桩钉96孔板以连续稀释法检测醋酸氯己定对3种菌株生物膜的MBEC.应用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(confocal laser scanning microscope,CLSM)定量分析标准株和突变株生物膜结构.结果 △immA-和△immB-突变株的迟缓期和稳定生长期均比标准株延时1 h.氨苄青霉素为0.06 mg/L时,标准株、△immA-突变株和△immB-突变株菌液吸光度值分别为0.334±0.016、0.027±0.016及0.047±0.018;氟化钠质量浓度为150 mg/L时,3种菌株菌液吸光度值分别为0.254±0.018、0.129±0.011及0.167±0.01;当次氯酸钠质量分数为0.313%时,3种菌株菌液吸光度值分别为0.467±0.008、0.017±0.006及0.050±0.006,以上各组抗菌剂中,标准株与突变株吸光度值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).醋酸氯己定对3种菌株的MBEC分别为6.25、1.57及3.13 mg/L.标准株生物膜厚度显著高于△immA-和△immB-突变株(P<0.01);标准株各层活菌比例均高于△immA-突变株(P<0.05);标准株中、外层活菌比例高于△immB-突变株(P<0.01),但内层活菌比例差异无统计学意义(P=0.191).结论细菌素免疫蛋白参与调控浮游细菌生长,尤其在生长初期;细菌素免疫蛋白相关基因缺陷使浮游态变形链球菌抗菌敏感性提高、抗菌剂MBEC降低及生物膜结构不成熟.     

安氏Ⅱ类错正畸治疗后稳定性探讨

目的 :探讨影响安氏Ⅱ类错牙合矫治后稳定性的相关因素。方法 :采用PAR (peerassessmentrating )指数和牙弓测量方法对正畸治疗后 2～ 8年 30例安氏Ⅱ类错牙合患者模型测量评估。结果 :治疗后加权PAR分值减少 85 .91% ,保持后加权分值净减少 70 .30 %。极大改善治疗后为 80 % ,保持后为 6 3.33%。牙齿排列、覆盖、覆牙合、颊舌向颊牙合关系保持后PAR分值显著增加。上下 3- 3长度、牙弓长度、基骨长度及下 3- 3宽度减少。结论 :正畸治疗后 ,牙弓长度、下尖牙间宽度有缩小趋势 ,而上尖牙间宽度和磨牙间宽度较稳定     

牙周临床治疗Ⅵ.牙周病药物治疗的理念

菌斑微生物是牙周病的始动因子，微生物及其毒性产物可引发局部及全身的一系列宿主免疫、炎症反应，宿主具有多层屏障的防御机制，对感染的应答基本上是保护性的，但反应过强或过弱，均可能发病。因此，微生物与宿主间的相互作用决定了疾病的过程和进展。针对病因的治疗，使我们在机械清除菌斑之外，也可能采用药物辅助手段清除致病微生物、阻断宿主反应的破坏过程、调节宿主的自身免疫力，以达到治疗目的。目前，牙周病的药物治疗主要是针对微生物的，对宿主反应的调节尚不够成熟。     

复方甲硝唑缓释膜剂的研制及应用

本文研制了治疗牙周炎的复方甲硝唑缓释膜剂.为证实其对牙周病的治疗作用,进行了体外抑菌试验和临床应用.结果表明,该缓释膜剂对牙周病优势菌有明显抑制效果;经临床观察使用该药膜一周后,菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)及牙周袋深度(PD)均显著降低,证明复方甲硝唑缓释膜剂治疗牙周病有广阔前景.     

Histomorphometric analysis of rat alveolar wound healing with hydroxyapatite alone or associated to BMPs

Several materials and techniques have been proposed to improve alveolar wound healing and decrease loss of bone height and thickness that normally follow dental extraction. The objective of this research was the histologic analysis of bone morphogenetic proteins implanted into dental alveoli of rats after extraction. A total of 45 adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 15 animals each: control (no treatment), implanted with pure hydroxyapatite (HA, 3 mg) and implanted with hydroxyapatite plus bone morphogenetic proteins (HA/BMPs, 3 mg). Five animals from each group were sacrificed at 7, 21 and 42 days after extraction for the histometric analyses of the osteoconductive potential of hydroxyapatite associated or not with BMPs. After dissection, fixation, decalcification and serial microtomy of 6-micron thick sections, the samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histologic and histometric analyses. Both HA and HA/BMPs caused a delay in wound healing compared to control animals, evaluated by the percentage of bone tissue in the alveoli. The treatment with HA/BMPs had the greatest delay at 21 days, even though it produced values similar to the control group at 42 days. The materials did not improve alveolar repair in the normal period of wound healing and the association of HA/BMPs did not have osteoconductive properties with granulated hydroxyapatite as the vehicle.     

铸造义齿中网状支架的设计

铸造义齿中网状支架的设计李景辉，宋培智，陈官辉，季秋杰，卢玉春，高银凤在可摘局部义齿修复中，网状支架的合理设计既增加了义齿的强度，又具有传递咬力、分散力、保护口腔内软硬组织的功能［１］。常用形态为园孔形、方格形、楼梯的，网状形、三角形、倒锥形、栅栏形...