外阴汗腺癌七例临床分析

目的：总结外阴汗腺癌的临床特点及治疗方法。方法：对７例外阴汗腺癌病例进行回顾性分析。结果：外阴汗腺癌的发病年龄为４０～５８岁。７例患者的治疗为局部扩大切除或根治性外阴广泛切除，２例辅以术后放疗。７例中５例存活５年以上，其中１例曾在首次治疗后第７年、１１年２次复发并于第１７年死于肿瘤。２例存活＜５年，１例在术后２年半死于脑出血，１例因脊椎广泛转移在术后１年零９个月死亡。结论：外阴汗腺癌的预后较好，局部扩大切除或根治性外阴切除，是首选治疗方法。     

Altered establishment/clearance mechanisms during experimental micrometastasis with live and/or disabled bacterial lacZ-tagged tumor cells.

To study micrometastasis at its earliest stages, the bacterial lacZ marker gene was introduced into human EJ Ha-ras-transformed BALB/c 3T3 cells (LZEJ), followed by their intravenous injection into nude mice. Lung micrometastases were easily identified by blue staining of lacZ-tagged cells minutes/hours after injection, permitting effective evaluation of establishment/clearance mechanisms of LZEJ cells. Different treatments were used to disable LZEJ cells (fixation, irradiation, or mitomycin C) to determine modulation of these processes--although unable to divide, these cells stain for lacZ expression for days after treatment. Fixation-killed cells generated large microfoci (> 13-15 cells/focus) with well-rounded morphologies while live, irradiated, or mitomycin-treated cells generated smaller, irregularly shaped foci (3-7 cells/focus). Fixed-cell foci were cleared more slowly from lungs than the other three classes, even when prefiltered to remove large aggregates. All foci of disabled cells were eventually cleared while a basal level of live-cell foci persisted. Co-injection of fixed and live cells (or preinjection of fixed cells, followed by live cells) resulted in complete clearance of live-cell microfoci; in contrast, preinjection of live cells (then injection of fixed cells) led to survival of live-cell micrometastases. Therefore, altered deformability and/or cell surface interactions of tumor cells modulate the effectiveness of host-clearing mechanisms in the lung and in some situations these altered cells facilitate clearance of live tumor cells that are normally tumor-progressing.     

Reversal of diabetes in BB rats by transplantation of encapsulated pancreatic islets

Prolonged survival of pancreatic islet allografts implanted in diabetic BB rats was achieved by encapsulation of individual islets in a protective biocompatible alginate-polylysine-alginate membrane without immunosuppression. Intraperitoneal transplantation of the encapsulated islets reversed the diabetic state of the recipients within 3 days and maintained normoglycemia for 190 days. Normal body weight and urine volume were maintained during this period, and no cataracts were detected in the transplant recipients. In contrast, control rats receiving transplants of unencapsulated islets experienced normoglycemia for less than 2 wk. These results demonstrated that microencapsulation can protect allografted islets from both graft rejection and autoimmune destruction without immunosuppression in an animal model that mimics human insulin-dependent diabetes.     

460例胃癌纤维胃镜活检标本的病理观察

本文分析了460例胃癌胃粘膜活检资料,结果:男:女为2.36:1:51～60岁年龄组发病率最岛(37.17％);发生部位以胃窦部最多见,占46.74％;组织学分类以低分化腺癌最多,占51 52％;在伴随病变中,畅化生的检出率为21.74％,胃腺囊为35％,胃粘膜上皮异型增生为32.61％。本组材料提示,不完全性大肠型肠化生、异型胃腺囊及胃粘膜中度以上异型增生与胃癌有密切关系。     

细胞凋亡抑制因子（Fas／APO-1）与抗β2-肾上腺素能受体自身抗体的关系

目的 检测并比较心肌梗死急性期不同时间点，β2自身抗体阳性组与阴性组，患者血清中Fas／APO-1水平差异，了解β2自身抗体对Fas／APO-1的影响。方法 41例急性心肌梗死患者，分别于发病24h、7天、2～4周时取血，采用ELISA的方法，检测血清中β2自身抗体的阳性率以及Fas／APO-1的水平；另外取34位性别、年龄匹配的健康人的血同法检测Fas／APO-1作为对照。结果心肌梗死急性期Fas／APO-1的水平均高于对照组（P〈0．05），以梗死后24hFas／APO-1的水平为最高；心肌梗死急性期不同时间点，β2自身抗体阳性组Fas／APO-1的水平均高于阴性组，但两组的结果差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 血清Fas／APO-1水平可以在一定程度上反映心肌细胞凋亡的变化趋势，β2自身抗体对Fas／APO-1的确切影响，有待更大规模的实验来证实。     

大肠肿瘤组织中EB病毒的原位杂交检测

目的：探讨EB病毒感染与人大肠癌发生的关系。方法：用原位分子杂交法对130例人大肠癌标本中EB病毒小分子RNA片段进行检测。结果：130例标本中有6例（4.48％）癌组织呈阳性反应，其中4例为男性，4例有明显淋巴细胞浸润。结论：EB病毒感染可能与我国部分大肠腺癌的发生有关，肿瘤细胞间质中大量淋巴细胞浸润可能是EB病毒感染的重要病理学特征。